What are the goals of business communication. Business communication tasks. The norms of the culture of behavior

Business communication is the basis for the successful development of not only the enterprise as a whole, but also the individual. It is an important type of relationship between people, supported by norms and rules.

Communication is subdivided into:

communicative, implying the exchange of information;
interactive, consisting in interaction between participants;
perceptual, meaning the establishment of a relationship between partners.

All three types are based on a system of ethical values, where the most important criteria are - evil, good, good, justice, duty, responsibility, etc. Business relationships should lead to the harmonization and coordination of interests.

Ethics objectives business communication consist in the formation of principles of communication, which would be aimed not only at full-fledged and non-conflict interaction of the parties, but would also not contradict the moral behavior of people. The goal is subordinate to a specific production, scientific or commercial task. A the main task of business communication consists in productive cooperation and improving relations with partners, interaction with which is determined by the exchange of information and is of an informational or disciplinary nature, aimed at achieving a joint result.

Such joint activity implies the observance of common goals, motives, the relationship of the participants labor process, as well as the distribution of individual functions between them. The basic rule of communication is: "Treat others the way you would like to be treated." Interaction imposes some specific requirements for participants:

Compliance with social, legal regulations, instructions, house rules, etc.
Compliance with business ethics in accordance with job roles, rights and responsibilities.
Contacting between participants, regardless of dislikes and likes. The same measurements for all employees.
Written fixation of decisions, orders, orders and their execution to increase the efficiency of interaction.
Encouragement and motivation in achieving the final result with the avoidance of conflict, both intrapersonal and interpersonal.
Team compatibility for joint activities also allows you to solve a wide range of problems.
Criticism of actions, not a person.
The principle of greater reward for great service works well.

The ability and ability to find the right version of the relationship is the art of business communication, to which every enterprise that values its reputation aspires. The values of ethical behavior are declining today, which is reflected in the behavior of firms and managers who, in violation of ethical standards, offer or extort bribes, gifts and other illegal payments. According to statistics, about 70% of profitable deals were lost by our country due to cultural blindness in the business world, therefore, the goals and objectives of business communication are also manifested in raising the culture of modern society.

The purpose of human communication became the object of close psychological research only in the last century. It turned out that communication, like the desire for self-improvement, is a fundamental need for homo. It was then that communicans, that is, communicating, was added to the scientific definitions of a person - sapiens (reasonable) and habilis (skillful).

Communication between people is not just the exchange of various kinds of information. This is the foundation of human existence. Establishing interpersonal contacts helps individual individuals to fully develop, reach the heights of personal growth, maintain physical and mental health, get to know themselves, understand others, influence others and interact with them.

The information transmitted in the process of communication - it is its content - is divided into several types:

material - products and tools of labor;
cognitive - scientific and empirical information;
active - manipulations, skills and abilities;
conditioned - bodily and mental states;
incentive - interests, needs, motives.

The goals of human communication are very diverse, since they depend on one or another human need. Among them are:

social - strengthening ties between members of a group or society;
cultural - mutual enrichment with cultural achievements;
epistemological - the exchange of scientific knowledge;
creative - the transfer of author's, qualitatively new developments;
aesthetic - the interaction of means, forms and techniques of art;
ethical - the exchange of moral values;
intellectual - an introduction to experience that helps to reach a new level of consciousness;
biological - the acquisition of access to means of survival: food, housing, medicines;
personal - the exchange of experiences, thoughts and experiences with an interesting interlocutor, receiving pleasure from contact with him.

The goals of communication between people as a unique biostimulator of their spiritual and industrial activities are inextricably linked with communicative tasks. Let's name the main ones:

Affective- regulation emotional sphere participants in communication: mutual reinforcement emotional states or attenuation, convergence or polarization.

Information- the formation of the image of feelings and thoughts of the interlocutors.

Regulatory- coordination and correction of motives, interests and actions of interacting people, their mutual stimulation.

The number of people whose professional career directly depends on the ability to establish contacts, is constantly growing. The first dollar millionaire John Rockefeller, who had a good understanding of the goals and objectives of communication in modern world, expressed a willingness to pay a higher price for communication skills than for any product.

Business communication goals

Streamlining and improving activities - commercial, scientific, social, industrial - the achievement of a beneficial result for all its participants is the main goal of business communication. It can be disciplinary or informative in content.

At the same time, each of the negotiators sets himself the following tasks:

strengthening cooperation with partners, smoothing or avoiding disagreements between them;
increasing trust and mutual understanding;
achieving full-fledged interaction, its coordination and harmonization;
distribution of fronts of work or spheres of influence;
compliance with the "code of honor", that is, the norms of behavior adopted in this environment.

Productive business communication is not only a condition effective development enterprises. It is also the basis for the success of an individual. In the process of business communication, such valuable personal qualities are formed:

the ability to speak convincingly and listen carefully to the interlocutor;
persistence and delicacy;
the ability to subordinate and yield for the sake of the interests of the firm.

To achieve the goal of business communication, its participants must fulfill a number of specific requirements:

follow necessary instructions, internal regulations, legal and social norms;
not to deviate from the ethics of business contact within the framework of job roles that provide for a regulated range of responsibilities and rights;
interact in the same way with partners, regardless of their own preferences;
to record in writing or by means of a sound recording device important information during the meeting;
motivate and encourage participants in the negotiation process to achieve a productive result;
avoid conflicts both between the parties to the negotiations and intrapersonal;
condemn actions, not their performers;
evaluate the compatibility of partners to solve the range of tasks;
work not so much for their reputation as for the image of the organization.

It is not easy to master all of these competencies. Therefore, many enterprises value employees who have comprehended the wisdom of business communication.

Today they are especially in demand in those areas where the culture of communication is reduced, where the norms of ethical behavior are violated, where profits are extorted in the form of gifts, bribes, "left" payments. Such incidents are unacceptable in a business world based on mutually beneficial deals.

Each person, entering even the closest contacts, retains his identity, spiritual autonomy. Therefore, achieving the goals of communication is impossible without overcoming disagreements and other difficulties arising in the interaction of people. But it is in such difficult communications that a real chance appears to achieve success in personal growth and self-development.

Business conversation

Introduction.doc

Business communication goals

Business Communication Values

As soon as they did not name a person: and homo sapiens (a rational person), and homo fuber (a person who produces), and homo ludens (a person who plays). It seems that with no less reason he can be called homo communicans - a communicating person.

Russian thinker Pyotr Chaadaev (1794-1856) wittily remarked: "Deprived of communication with other creatures, we would nibble the grass, and not reflect on our nature." And he was right, because the natural way of a person's existence is his connection with other people, and a person himself becomes a person only in communication.

The need for communication, according to psychologists, is one of the basic (basic) human needs. The importance of communication as a basic need is determined by the fact that "it dictates the behavior of people with no less authority than, for example, the so-called vital needs." Communication is a necessary condition for the normal development of a person as a member of society and as a person, a condition for his spiritual and physical health.

Acting as a powerful consumer of human energy, communication at the same time is an invaluable biostimulator of his life and spiritual aspirations.

In psychology, communication is defined as the interaction of two or more people, consisting in the exchange of information between them of a cognitive or emotional-evaluative nature. Depending on the communication technique used and its goals, the following types can be distinguished:

H "Contact of masks", that is, formal communication in which there is no desire to understand and take into account the personality traits of the interlocutor.

H Formal-role communication, in which both the content and the means of communication are regulated by social roles and communication.

Social communication is formal, and its participants say what is supposed to be said in such cases.

H Manipulative communication. It is aimed at obtaining one-sided benefits from an interview using a manipulative technique of influencing the opponent in communication, depending on his characteristics as a person.

Material, i.e. exchange of products or items of activity;

Cognitive, i.e. knowledge Exchange;

Active, i.e. exchange of actions, abilities, skills.

Cognitive and actionable communication occurs, for example, in the learning process.

Conditioned, i.e. exchange of mental or physiological states (smile to cheer up, to piss off a grimace);

Motivational, i.e. exchange of motives, goals, needs, attitudes (come on, come on!).

Business communications are used to organize and optimize a particular type of activity (professional, industrial, scientific, commercial, political, etc.). And since communication is a subject-oriented target activity, the content of each communicative form (lecture, report, discussion, conversation) depends on the communicative intention and the expected result. So, if the purpose of communication is to clarify something, then the content and form of information presentation will be instructive (instruction), narrative (consultation) or reasoning (comment). If it is necessary to refute someone's arguments, then evidence, critical remarks will be used.

In addition, the peculiarities of the current situation and personal qualities partner. For example, to transfer information you wanted to use the deduction method (from general to specific), but in the course of communication you were convinced that the induction method is more appropriate for a given business partner (from special cases, examples to generalization and conclusions).

Business communications

By means business communications are methods of encoding, transmitting and decoding (decrypting) information.

Coding is a way of transferring information from one person to another. Encoding is done using symbols and signs (letters, schemes, sounds, gestures).

The transmission of encoded information occurs through channels. The channels can be broadcast, wires, paper.

Business communication tasks

Communication is subdivided into:

communicative, implying the exchange of information;
interactive, consisting in interaction between participants;
perceptual, meaning the establishment of a relationship between partners.

1.2. Business communication, its types and structure

Business communication takes a significant place in the life of many people, because constantly have to discuss issues related to the organization of production, with life labor collective, the performance of official and official duties, the conclusion of various kinds of transactions, contracts, decision-making, paperwork, etc. It acquires special significance for people involved in management. As studies in the field of management show, 80% of the working time of managers at all levels is spent on communication.

Business conversation Is a process of interrelation and interaction, in which there is an exchange of activities, information and experience, presupposing the achievement of a certain result, the solution of a specific problem or the implementation of a specific goal [ 13 , c. 118]. Business communication should have a concrete result - the product of joint activities, information, career, power, as well as the accompanying intellectual analysis and emotional experiences.

Business communication can be roughly divided into direct(direct contact) and indirect(there is a space-time distance between partners). Direct business communication is more effective, the power of emotional impact and suggestion than indirect.

In general, business communication differs from ordinary (informal) communication in that in its process a goal and specific tasks are set that require their solution. In business communication, we cannot stop interacting with a partner (at least without loss for both parties). In ordinary friendly communication, most often specific tasks are not set, specific goals are not pursued. Such communication can be terminated (at the request of the participants) at any time.

There are two types of business communication: verbal and non-verbal. Verbal communication (from Lat. "verbalis" - verbal) is carried out with the help of words. At non-verbal communication means of transmitting information are postures, gestures, facial expressions, intonation, views, territorial location, etc.

The subject of business communication is a common cause. Content of business communication constitutes a socially significant joint activity of people, which implies coordination of actions, understanding and acceptance by each of its participants of the goals, objectives and specifics of this activity, their role and their capabilities for its implementation.

The purpose business communication is the organization and optimization of a certain type of joint substantive activity. In addition to the general purpose of business communication, it is possible to single out personal goals implemented by the participants in the communication:

1) the pursuit of personal safety in the process social activities, which often manifests itself in avoiding responsibility;

2) striving to improve their living standards;

3) the desire for power, i.e. the desire to expand the scope of their powers, move up the career ladder, get rid of the burden of hierarchical control;

4) the desire to increase their prestige, which is often combined with the desire to strengthen the prestige of the position held and the organization itself [ 11 , c. eleven].

In addition to the main goals, business communication has and psychological functions:

Binding - I and You. For example, we are writing a scientific article together.

Formative - I am like YOU. For example, I am learning from you to write a scientific article.

Confirming - I am like that. For example, I realized that I can write a scientific article.

Emotionally organizing - We. For example, how nice it is to work together.

Distinctive features of the circumstances of business communication:

1. Community of goals, or motives, or activities.

2. The presence of a common social space-time: organization, group, team.

3. The interconnectedness of the participants - the system of social roles and the hierarchy of communication.

4. Regulation of forms of communication.

The concept of "business communication" emphasizes the feasibility and possibility of breeding subjective desires and objective conditions in the process of personal interaction.

In the case of business communication, the desire to communicate is secondary to the need. Compulsion is the main feature that distinguishes business communication from ritual and interpersonal.

The formal context of business communication is the organization.

Organization- a form of uniting people with functions and structure given by the external environment, existing independently of the specific people interacting in it.

Considering the socio-psychological structure of business communication, we highlight:

1) system of social roles- bosses, colleagues, subordinates, partners, clients, in which the subjects of business communication act.

Boss- a person who has the right to dispose in a given social and professional space-time due to external circumstances and the presence of special properties. The role of a boss requires the ability to decide, organize, command, control, reward, and punish.

Colleague- a person who is with another in the same professional community and close social and service status. This role presupposes a relationship of equality, professional interaction, professional loyalty and ethics.

Subordinate- This role requires the ability to perform, follow the rules and obey. The boss and the subordinate must keep their distance from each other.

Partnerships- this is a relationship in which there is 1) awareness of the mutually beneficial cooperation, 2) the presence of a common gender of activity in a certain space - time ("we cannot live without each other"), 3) development of a strategy of behavior that allows you to preserve the relationship and "face" of each partner ...

Business communication goals

Back to Business Communication

Business communication is of paramount importance for people who are involved in management. As studies in the field of management show, on communication and communication, according to averaged data, about 80-90% of the working time of managers of all known levels is spent.

Lecture 3

Questions:

1. The concept of communication. Communication and communication.

2. The main characteristics of business communication.

3. Communicative culture and communicative professiogram of a modern specialist.

4. Styles of communication.

5. Forms of business communication.

1. The existence of many different definitions of the concept of "communication" is primarily associated with different approaches and views on this problem. We will use the following definition.

Communication is a complex multidimensional process of establishing and developing contacts between people, generated by the needs of joint activities and including the exchange of information, the development of a single strategy of interaction, perception and understanding of another person. In the narrow sense of the word, communication is the interaction of people who have common or complementary interests or needs.

In psychology, communication is defined as the interaction of two or more people, consisting in the exchange of information between them of a cognitive or emotional-evaluative nature, aimed at coordinating and combining their efforts in order to establish relationships and achieve a common result.

The simplest communication model can be represented as follows: C1↔C2. Note that both an individual and a group can act as subjects of communication.

In many definitions of communication, there are:

Communication as a type of independent human activity;

Communication as an attribute of other types of human activity;

Communication as interaction of subjects.

In the special socio-psychological literature there is a view of communication as a communicative activity. Based on the concept of AN Leontiev and his analysis of communication as an activity and designating it as “communicative activity”, we will consider its main structural components: the subject of communication is another person, a communication partner as a subject; the need for communication consists in the desire of a person to cognize and evaluate other people, and through them and with their help, to self-knowledge, to self-esteem; communicative motives are what communication is undertaken for; communication actions are units of communicative activity, a holistic act addressed to another person; communication tasks are the goal to achieve which, in a specific communicative situation, various actions performed in the process of communication are directed, means of communication are those operations with the help of which communication actions are carried out; product communication - education of a material and spiritual nature, created as a result of communication.

Communication as an activity is a system of elementary acts. Each act is defined:

The subject is the initiator of communication;

The subject to whom the initiative is addressed;

The norms by which communication is organized;

The goals pursued by the participants in communication;

The situation in which the interaction takes place.

1. Transfer of information from person to person.

2. Perception of partners in communication of each other.

3. Mutual assessment of communication partners of each other.

4. Mutual influence of communication partners on each other.

5. Interaction of partners with each other.

6. Management of group or mass activities, etc.

Communication functions:

The instrumental function characterizes communication as a social mechanism for managing and transmitting information necessary for the execution of an action.

The integrative function reveals communication as a means of bringing people together.

The function of self-expression defines communication as a form of mutual understanding of the psychological context.

Broadcast function-function conveying specific modes of action, assessments, etc.

Expressive - the function of mutual understanding of experiences and emotional states.

The function of social control is the regulation of behavior and activities.

The function of socialization is the formation of interaction skills in society in accordance with accepted norms and rules, etc.

Communication goals:

The purpose of communication is outside the very interaction of subjects;

The purpose of communication is in himself;

The purpose of communication is to familiarize the partner with the experience and values of the initiator of communication;

The purpose of communication is to familiarize the initiator himself with the values of the partner;

The purpose of communication is to meet the needs of communication partners (in prestige, domination, safety, individuality, patronage, knowledge, beauty, etc.).

Along with the term "communication", the term "communication" has become widespread. From the linguistic encyclopedic dictionary: Communication - communication, exchange of thoughts, ideas, etc. - a specific form of interaction between people in the process of their cognitive labor activity... In other words, communication is an informational connection between a subject and an object. Model: С → О (accept, understand, learn, do). Both of these words are often used synonymously.

The communicative side of communication is the exchange of information and its understanding. The means of communication are:

1) verbal (speech)

2) non-verbal (gestures, facial expressions, posture, gaze, etc.)

4) extralinguistic (pauses, laughter, crying, speech rate)

5) space-time (distance, time).

2. Business communication takes a significant place in the life of many people. After all, you constantly have to discuss issues related to the organization of production, with the life of the work collective, the performance of official and official duties, the conclusion of transactions, contracts, decision-making, paperwork, etc.

Business communication plays an important role in various types of professional activity, determines their success.

It acquires special significance for people involved in management. As studies in the field of management show, 80% of the working time of managers at all levels is spent on communication. In this respect, J. Rockefeller's statement is curious: “The ability to communicate with people is the same commodity bought for money, like sugar or coffee. And I am willing to pay more for this skill than for any other product in this world. "

In the scientific and methodological literature there is no strict definition of the concept of "business communication". Foreign and domestic researchers associate business communication mainly with commercial activities describe various forms communication in the field of business. The following definition seems to be the most acceptable. Business communication is interpersonal communication with the aim of organizing and optimizing one or another type of substantive activity: industrial, scientific, commercial, managerial, etc. This definition emphasizes the purpose of business communication - the organization of fruitful cooperation, and also notes that it is inextricably linked with a variety of areas of human activity. It should be borne in mind that participants in business communication are, as a rule, official officials performing their official duties.

Business communication is a rather complex phenomenon. Its character is influenced by both vertical and horizontal connections in the process of interaction. Business people constantly have to communicate with persons standing at different levels of the hierarchical ladder, as well as with colleagues, employees of the same level. In this regard, it is advisable to talk about equal types of relations that develop in the process of business communication between its participants. Vertically, these are, as a rule, subordinate relations, and horizontally, partnerships.

The ability to find the best option for business relationships both vertically and horizontally is a great art. The types of relations between participants in business communication also determine the forms of their speech behavior.

The main characteristics of business communication:

Regularity, i.e. obedience to the established rules and restrictions. There are so-called "written" and "unwritten" rules of conduct. For example, quite often you hear expressions such as "according to the protocol", "according to the protocol" and so on.

Regularity presupposes adherence to business etiquette, reflecting the accumulated experience, moral attitudes and tastes of certain social groups.

Business etiquette includes the rules of greeting and presentation, regulates behavior during a presentation, at a reception, at a table; prescribes how to give and receive souvenirs, how to use business cards, conduct business correspondence, etc.

Much attention is paid to etiquette outward appearance business people, their clothes, the ability to manage negative and positive emotions, the manner of speaking.

Regularity also includes adherence to speech etiquette. The use of etiquette speech turns helps the interlocutors to establish contact, establish mutual understanding, create a favorable psychological environment, etc.

The regulation of business communication also means that it is limited to a certain time frame. Business people know the value of time, try to use it rationally and usually schedule their working day by hours and minutes.

An important feature of business communication is the strict observance of role-playing roles by its participants. In the process of interaction, a business person in different situations you have to be both a boss and a subordinate, and a colleague, and a partner, and a participant in any event, etc.

The peculiarities of business communication include and increased responsibility of the participants for its result. After all, successful business communication is largely determined by the chosen communication strategy and tactics: the ability to correctly formulate the goals of the conversation, determine the interests of partners, and build a justification for one's own position.

3. The culture of a modern specialist is impossible without a culture of communication, without a communicative culture. In the very general view communicative culture can be defined as follows: communicative culture is a set of communicative skills that have become an organic part of the personality. It is necessary to determine which ones. For example, the basic communication skills of a manager:

Ability to conduct a business conversation (when hiring, when firing, when consulting, when delegating, when monitoring);

Ability to conduct a meeting;

Ability to speak in public;

Ability to negotiate.

A modern specialist must to fully master communicative techniques, the degree of proficiency in which is perhaps the main criterion for professional suitability.

He must be able to:

Formulate the goals and objectives of communication

Organize and manage communication

Analyze complaints and applications

Build questions and answer them specifically

Possess skills and techniques, tactics and communication strategy

Have a conversation, business meeting

Analyze conflicts and resolve them

Prove and justify, argue and convince, reach agreements and decisions, conduct a conversation, discussion, dialogue, dispute, negotiations

With the help of the word, relieve stress, relieve the interlocutor of fear, correct his behavior and assessments.

The ability to speak and be understood correctly, to hear and understand, to persuade unobtrusively, to create trusting relationships - all these are elements of a communicative professiogram.

4. Styles of communication.

Each person has his own style, or model of behavior and communication, which leave a characteristic imprint on his actions in any situation. Communication style depends on very different components - life experience, attitude towards people, as well as on what kind of communication is most preferable in society. At the same time, the style of communication ultimately shapes the personality. Communication style is the individual-typological features of interaction between people. Distinguish between ritual, manipulative and humanistic communication styles. The ritual style is generated by intergroup situations, manipulative - business, and humanistic - interpersonal.

Ritual.

In real life, there are a huge number of rituals, they require only one thing from the participants - knowledge of the rules of the game (birthday). The main thing here is to strengthen the connection with your group, to reinforce your attitudes, values, opinions, to increase self-esteem and self-esteem. For ritual communication, it is very important, on the one hand, to correctly recognize the communication situation and, on the other, to imagine how to behave in it.

Manipulative.

One should not conclude that this is a negative phenomenon. A huge number of professional tasks presupposes precisely manipulative communication. Any training, persuasion, management always includes manipulative communication. It exists where joint activities are expected.

Humanistic.

It satisfies such a person's need as the need for understanding, sympathy, empathy.

5. In practice, there are various forms of business communication: different kinds business conversations, negotiations, meetings, meetings, telephone conversations, business correspondence. A business person needs to know the specific features of these forms, to master the methodology for their preparation and implementation.

In specific forms of business communication, as a rule, the following general stages are distinguished: establishing contact, orientation in a situation, discussing issues, making decisions, achieving a goal, getting out of contact.

Federal Agency for Education

GOUVPO "Norilsk Industrial Institute"

Department of Philosophical-Historical and Socio-Economic Sciences

ESSAY

by discipline "Fundamentals of corporate culture and business communication»

Topic: "Goals and values of business communication»

Completed:

Checked:

NORILSK 2010

Introduction

Business conversation

Business communication goals

Business Communication Values

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introduction

Acting as a powerful consumer of human energy, communication at the same time is an invaluable biostimulator of his life and spiritual aspirations.

H "Contact masks", that is, formal communication, in which there is no desire to understand and take into account the personality traits of the interlocutor.

H Formal role communication, in which both the content and the means of communication are regulated by social roles and communication.

H Secular communication is formal, and its participants say what is supposed to be said in such cases.

H Manipulative communication. It is aimed at obtaining one-sided benefits from an interview using a manipulative technique of influencing the opponent in communication, depending on his characteristics as a person.

H Spiritual interpersonal communication between people, in which the deep structures of the personality are revealed.

H Business conversation is aimed at harmonizing and uniting the efforts of people in order to establish an attitude and achieve a common result.

Both an individual and a group can act as subjects of communication. If we consider why and for what people communicate, it turns out that there can be 4 goals:

The purpose of communication is outside the very interaction of subjects;

The purpose of communication is in himself;

The purpose of communication is to familiarize the partner with the experience and values of the initiator of communication;

The purpose of communication is to familiarize him (the initiator) with the values of the partner.

Further, we will be interested only in business communication - communication that has a goal outside itself and serves as a way of organizing and optimizing a particular type of objective activity: industrial, scientific, commercial, etc.

Business conversation

Any common cause involves communication and interaction of participants as a necessary means of ensuring its effectiveness. Activity can neither arise nor be carried out without intense communication.

Business communication is a special form of interaction between people in the process of a certain type of work activity, which contributes to the establishment of a normal moral and psychological atmosphere of work and partnership relations between managers and subordinates, between colleagues, creates conditions for productive cooperation of people in achieving significant goals, ensuring the success of a common cause ...

Business communication is a complex multifaceted process of developing contacts between people in the official sphere. Its members act in official statuses and are focused on achieving goals, specific tasks. The specificity is the regulation - subordinate to the established restrictions, certain national and cultural traditions, professional ethical principles.

By the way of information exchange, the types of business communication are divided into oral and written. Oral types, in turn, are subdivided into monological and dialogical. Monologue types of speech include a welcome speech, trade (advertising), informational, report (at a meeting, meeting).

Dialogue types of speech:

Business conversation (short-term contact, mainly on one topic);

Business conversation (exchange of information, accompanied by decision-making);

Negotiations (discussion with the aim of concluding an agreement on any issue);

H interview (conversation with a journalist intended for print, radio, television);

Discussion;

Meeting (meeting);

Press conference, contact business conversation (direct, "live" dialogue);

H telephone conversation.

V direct contact and direct conversation, verbal and non-verbal communication are of the greatest importance. Conversation or sending messages over the phone are the most common forms of communication, they are distinguished by direct contact and a wide variety of methods of communication, which allows you to combine the business (formal) and personal (informal) parts of any message.

Written types of business communication are official documents: business letter, protocol, report, certificate, report and explanatory letter, act, statement, agreement, charter, position, instruction, decision, order, instruction, order, power of attorney, etc.

Material - exchange of objects and products of activity;

C cognitive - knowledge exchange;

Motivational - exchange of motives, goals, interests, motives, needs;

Activity - exchange of actions, operations, abilities, skills.

By means of communication:

Direct, which is carried out with the help of hands, head, torso, vocal cords, etc.;

H mediated - associated with the use of special means and tools (letters, fax, etc.);

Direct - personal contacts and direct perception of people with each other in the very act of communication (telephone conversation, live broadcast, etc.);

W indirect - carried out through intermediaries (other people).

The subject of business communication is the business in which people are engaged in the process of activity, and not the problems affecting their inner world:

Business communication goals

The main goal of business communication is the organization of fruitful cooperation, as well as the creation of optimal conditions for the successful solution of the problems facing the organization and its individual employees.

In other words, the purpose of business communication can be called the organization and optimization of a certain type of joint activity.

However, in addition to the general goal, it can also be divided into personal goals, to one degree or another realized by the direct participants in communication:

The pursuit of personal safety in the process of social activities, in the course of fulfilling one's professional responsibilities, which often manifests itself in avoiding the responsibility assigned to the employee;

The desire for power, that is, the desire to expand the scope of existing powers, to move only up the career ladder, to get rid of the burdensome burden of hierarchical control;

The desire to increase their prestige, which is often combined with the desire to strengthen the prestige of the position held and the organization itself.

But in order for the goal of business communication to be successfully realized, in modern psychological science there are two main ethical and psychological principles of business communication, which include:

The principle of creating conditions for identifying the creative potential and professional knowledge of the individual, on the basis of which it is possible to harmonize the personal goals of the employee with the general goals of the organization;

The principle of authority and responsibility governing business communication within the framework of official rights and duties in accordance with the official status of the employee, his assessment business qualities and using his direct qualifications and experience.

Business Communication Values

Studying any form of business communication, we are faced with its general laws. Let us present a diagram of the relationship between interaction and development. The main elements of this scheme: the system of mutual influence and the person. A person's ideal is what a person is and what he does, i.e. the embodiment of what he can become. These are the best tendencies, which, being embodied in a model, become a stimulus and regulator of its development. The system of mutual influence contributes to the development of a conscious personality.

In the process of business communication, the originality of the operation of the laws of interpersonal relations is studied, specific patterns are revealed. Business communication involves the regulation of production and non-production relations in the working environment.

In business communication, the mutual development of the subjects of communication is carried out. The essence of such a process is expressed in the degree of consciousness and activity of the person participating in it. The purpose of business communication is to develop cooperation. Business communication is a condition for the development of the technique of thinking and behavior, helping the one who owns it to come to the right conclusions.

The dependence on coordination and mutual influence is much broader than is usually implied when talking about communication. If there were no effective procedures and techniques, we would not be able to enjoy any of the fruits of civilization.

The behavior of participants in business communication should be imbued with purity and nobility. The development of business communication consists in the improvement of its subjects, in the superiority of their soul and heart, in the inner beauty and high degree of morality. In communication, it is important to use reasoning, correct and comprehensive commentary on information obtained from the press, radio, television and other sources, selection and generalization of necessary facts and events, creation and formulation of your own information of interest to the interlocutor. In business communication, a competition of minds, programs, projects, regulations is realized.

Knowledge, its breadth and depth, horizons, erudition provide flexibility and self-activity of thinking. Business communication determines the organization of mental activity, forces its participants to reflect on this or that problem, to form their views and attitudes, to determine their place and purpose in production activities. The system of mutual influence encourages the subjects of business communication to perform that set of interrelated actions, as a result of which the goods and services necessary for society are produced. As a result, the mechanism of positive cooperation and coordination in the work collective is developing and improving.

In business communication, participants take those actions that, in their opinion, will bring them the most benefit (i.e., benefit minus all possible costs or losses associated with these actions). Everyone acts in accordance with their personal interests, in accordance with the formulated rules, depending on the interaction in business communication. Highly developed people experience tremendous satisfaction in helping others. There are, unfortunately, some - probably not many - who get satisfaction by harming their employees. However, a developed personality manages to correctly predict the actions of complete strangers. This is useful in cases where you want to influence the behavior of other people.

Acting in their own interests, participants in business communication create opportunities for choice for their opponents. Mutual influence is a process of continuous mutual adaptation to changes in benefits arising from their interaction with each other. These actions alter the relative costs and benefits of the opportunities presented to other people. Changes in costs and benefits can induce participants to change their behavior so that it is more consistent with the actions of others. This is the main mechanism of cooperation between participants in business communication, which allows them to ensure the satisfaction of their needs using available means. Thus, in the interaction of personal and personal interests and needs, a rational choice is made in business communication.

Having previously weighed the expected pros and cons of the available options, a person learns from his mistakes and, therefore, tries not to repeat them. People, in pursuit of their interests, adapt to each other's behavior, although they observe the norms and rules accepted in society. This is how the personal and public interests of business communication participants are combined. An important part of the rules governing these interactions are property rights, which delineate what belongs to whom. Property rights and other rules and regulations ultimately determine exactly what choices are made by business entities in pursuit of their interests.

If participation in the discussion and solution of production problems is formal, then it is not the social qualities of the leader's personality that dominate, but the qualities of the performer, i.e. reasonable natural essence of man. In this case, the rules of business communication are only an external requirement, and not the internal essence of its subjects.

Conclusion

As you can see from the abstract, business communication is a very important and necessary process aimed at uniting efforts and agreeing people in order to establish a relationship between them and achieve some common result.

Business communication serves as a way to organize and optimize a certain type of substantive activity. It can be industrial, scientific, commercial, etc. In the process of this labor activity, interacting, people establish a normal moral and psychological atmosphere of work and partnership relations between managers and subordinates, between colleagues, create conditions for their productive cooperation in achieving significant goals, ensuring the success of a common cause.

The most significant goal of business communication can be called the organization of cooperation that bears fruit, it can also be the creation of optimal conditions for the successful solution of those tasks that face both the organization and its individual employees.

Among other things, personal goals are also distinguished in business communication:

The pursuit of personal safety;

The desire to improve their living standards, improve their financial situation;

The desire for power;

The desire to increase their prestige.

But, studying business communication, we can distinguish not only its general or particular goals, but also general laws. In general, this process represents a diagram of the relationship of interaction and development. The main elements of this scheme: the system of mutual influence and the person. A person's ideal is what a person is and what he does, i.e. the embodiment of what he can become. These are the best tendencies, which, being embodied in a model, become a stimulus and regulator of its development.

In business communication, the mutual development of the subjects of communication is carried out. The essence of this process is expressed in the degree of consciousness and activity of the person participating in it. Business communication, conditioning the organization of mental activity, forces its participants to reflect on some problem, to form their views and attitudes, to determine their place and purpose in production activities. In business communication, a competition of minds, programs, projects, regulations is realized.

Business communication allows you to better understand what market, new socio-economic relations require, to see a wide range of complex social relationships. It is able to explain the processes of coordination in society and identify the prerequisites that allow them to develop successfully.

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