The most developing professions. The most promising professions. Who to go to study after graduation

Choosing a profession is a question that everyone faces. From early childhood, a person tries to understand what place he will occupy in adult life. Someone sincerely believed in the career of a firefighter, someone wanted to become a ballet actor, and some dreamed of selling sweets to children. Unfortunately or fortunately, not all children's wishes come true. With age comes understanding: an ideal profession is not only a favorite, but also a demanded business. Today's schoolchildren and applicants must anticipate changes in the labor market. In this regard, it is necessary to understand the list of professions in demand in 2020-2025. It must be capacious and well-grounded - then it will be possible to use the freedom of choice.

What was relevant before

The first professions appeared even before the emergence of civilization. Then, among the ancient people, it had a clear, specific character. The man's task was to ensure the safety of the "home", women and children. He also had to provide the tribe with food. Women, on the other hand, raised children and made sure that the fire in the family hearth always warmed the household. The redistribution of responsibilities appeared when humanity began to change familiar image life. Nomadic tribes became sedentary, development began Agriculture... There was such a profession as a tiller.

The hard physical labor with which people cultivated the land pushed society towards the invention of more convenient devices. The craft appeared. Over time, the professions of potters and blacksmiths arose - these were professions related to the future. Dynasties of craftsmen constantly improved their skills, which triggered progress. In the end, this has led to the fact that there are currently about forty thousand different professions.

The emergence of a narrow specialization

Already in the twentieth century, there was an urgent need for the division of labor. If earlier "jack of all trades" were indispensable and in great demand, then in conditions of a congested labor market and a constant increase in demand for goods, narrow specialists were needed. The first to understand this was Henry Ford, who divided the production of cars into conditional workshops. Each of them produced a separate part of the overall mechanism. People worked where they were more successful. The result was an increase in output finished products several times. Other major manufacturers have adopted Ford's example, and now every company uses the conveyor method.

How was progress

In industrial Russia, traditional factory workers were popular throughout the twentieth century, receiving a good salary, and young people, wanting to be useful, gladly went to work for large enterprises... However, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, many factories lost their stability. A new era has begun on the labor market - the development of the service sector. Construction developed no less actively - large cities were built up with high-rise buildings. Thus, at the beginning of the 2000s, new, promising professions were the professions of a builder, bricklayer, plasterer, as well as managers, waiters, specialists in the field of restaurant and tourism business and other service workers.

In 2007, society increasingly wondered what professions would be in demand in 10 years. The applicants understood that the whole subsequent life depends on their choice. Then the ratings of the professions of the future were full of sales managers, marketers, customer service specialists, IT engineers, lawyers, economists and some others. This suggests that at that time the service sector continued to develop and the demand for qualified specialists was constantly growing. But even then, a development trend began in the field of scientific research.

Scientific development today

Scientific research now plays a decisive role. The future development of the country and society depends entirely on the daily achievements of scientists. The peculiarities of scientific development are that there is a clear division of science into several independent disciplines. This makes it possible to resolve urgent issues in more detail. Research and experiments at this stage of human development are primarily aimed at solving environmental issues... Thus, an expert in the field of alternative energy will be in great demand on the labor market in a few years. The field of medicine is no less important, since extending life and improving its quality are the primary issues of our time.

Medical professions

The development of technology allows specialists to constantly improve. However, this medal has another side: employees need to improve their qualifications, undergo retraining programs. Undoubtedly, the results pay off all efforts - after all, they prolong human life.

The future is theirs

It is easier to present a list of in-demand professions in 2020-2025 with a list:

Surgeon. This specialist must keep up with the times. So, already in 2012, an operation was performed to implant the implant of the lower jaw, which was pre-printed on a 3D printer. Operations for the implantation of artificial organs such as the kidneys, liver and even the heart are well known. The ability to use completely new technologies is the most important skill of the successful professional of the future.
Health care manager... A representative of this profession will need to select a team of scientists, engineers, developers and researchers and coordinate their joint work to achieve commercially promising goals.
Medical Equipment Architect. It is a symbiosis of the profession of an engineer and medical worker... This specialist will develop the design of medical equipment, as well as ensure its normal functioning. This profession is also called "bioengineer". Where to study? In universities in which there are directions "medical photonics", "biotechnical and medical devices and systems", " Computer techologies in medical physics ".
Genetic consultant. This is a specialist in the field of genetics who identifies hereditary diseases, determines the individual characteristics of metabolism and examines diseases that cause viral and bacterial infections.
Molecular nutritionist. The duties of a representative of this profession will include the study of the molecular composition of food and the development of an individual nutritional regimen for each patient.

Industry

In order to understand the question of what professions will be in demand in 10 years, it is necessary to analyze the economic development of the country at the present time. Industry is the leading sector of the economy in Russia. This is the most important factor influencing the development of the state. A specialist who has connected his life with this area will never be left without work.

Where to go?

Industries:

Food grade.
Lightweight.
Chemical.
Mining.
Metallurgy (ferrous and non-ferrous).
Mechanical engineering and metalworking.
Fuel and electricity.
Coal, oil and gas.
Forest.

Thus, industry provides society with everything that is necessary for its normal functioning. Food industry the future, for example, is engaged in the development of new varieties of plants that humanity eats. Quantity vacancies in industry is always higher than in other sectors. In addition, there is a need to optimize production, so that, in addition to representatives of blue-collar professions, the work of economists, biologists, and many other specialists will be useful here.

Indispensable in the industry

So what are the most in-demand professions in 2020-2025? The list will look like this:

Design engineers who will design new equipment and invent more modern technology.
Nanotechnology whose field of work is cutting edge nanotechnology.
Chemists, biotechnologists, petrochemists, employed in all branches of the chemical industry: from household chemicals to complex chemicals used in production.
Seamstresses, textile workers, cutters, whose work will always be in demand in
Lumberjacks, locksmiths, sawers ensuring the correct distribution of forest resources.

Professions in demand in 2020-2025: a list for men

Many primordially male professions have been mastered by women as well. So, now ladies can be not only drivers and bosses, but also politicians, policemen, installers. But, despite the wide distribution of such professions among the fairer sex, some areas are much more suitable for men. These include the professions of a sailor, pilot, miner, lumberjack, plumber, bodyguard, security specialist, firefighter, military man, as well as a builder or scientist. The most promising areas for men are:

Programming.
Design.
Engineering.
Cyber prosthetics.
City farming (organization of production of farm products in a metropolis).
Space industry - spaceship piloting, cosmogeology and galactic architecture.

It just so happens that more men are endowed with a technical mindset than women. This plays into the hands of the stronger sex: the rapid development of science and industry requires not only an increase in the number of workers, but also the involvement of technical minds. Designing, drawing, planning, organizing and optimizing production requires a strong and strong-willed person at the head of the table. Often, such positions are occupied by a man.

In-demand professions in 2020: a list for girls

Representatives of the beautiful half of humanity are not inferior to the male part of the population. Diligence, punctuality, clarity of actions and an unconventional approach distinguish female specialists from the overwhelming majority of male colleagues. The ability to adequately overcome difficulties at work in our time is also inherent in ladies. Thus, the areas of work for women are very diverse: from creative specialties, in which girls are traditionally considered professionals, to complex technical sciences. This includes the work of a teacher, marketing, tourism or advertising manager, realtor, designer of all directions, as well as a psychologist and even a security specialist.

The most demanded "female" professions in ten years will be professions:

Journalist.
Editor.
Nanomedics.
Cosmotourism manager.
Game teacher (specialist in teaching children in a playful way).
Mind fitness trainer (brain training).

Women will not be left without work. A stable life position, activity, enterprise, which calmly coexist with tenderness and complaisance, will always come in handy in the labor market. No direction is complete without the participation of a woman's hand. In addition, among the students of the country's leading universities, the overwhelming majority are representatives of the fairer sex. Educated girls are able not only to build a brilliant career, but also to teach important knowledge to their children.

How do you choose the perfect profession?

Applicants face a difficult choice: to go to study in the direction to which their hearts lie, or to choose an unloved but demanded profession? Everyone decides this for himself. However, successful careerists in their field advise to find a middle ground. Not a single profession, even the most relevant in the future, guarantees complete material security. How the future life of a person will turn out depends only on his desire to move and develop in his direction. But do you want to grow up in an unloved business? Definitely not. Therefore, you need to go where it will be interesting to work in the first place, and the rest will follow.

Development of science and technology

The speed of progress is impressive. Literally ten years ago, humanity could not imagine what the science of today would be capable of. And even now it is difficult to believe that implants of vital organs can be printed on a 3D printer, that the space tourism industry not only exists, but is also actively developing. That nanotechnology is at the forefront of industrial development. It is difficult to imagine what the in-demand professions will be in 2020-2025. The list can only be conditional. But one thing is clear for sure: the future cannot do without qualified specialists. It means that you need to learn, develop and work a lot on yourself.

The leaders in the amount of wages in Russia are traditionally considered to be managers. According to the recruiting portal Superjob, offers for top managers - directors of organizations and heads of main business areas - start at 220-250 thousand rubles.

The upper bar is usually hidden behind the phrase "by agreement". This means that the salary depends on the qualifications of the applicant and will be supplemented by a bonus system for achieving certain results.

In some positions, the earnings of managers are close to a million rubles.

In second place are highly qualified IT specialists. Recruiters assure that this direction is more promising. Development Specialist mobile applications, who has proven experience, can apply for a salary after 3-4 years of work in the industry, to which a manager grows in 10-12 years.

Also among the highest paid specialists are airline employees. For managers (for example, technical director) offer from 300 thousand rubles, to the commander of the aircraft - from 350 to 470 thousand rubles or more, to the head of the flight attendant service - from 150 thousand rubles. In addition, airlines typically provide employees with annual performance bonuses.

Recently, Aeroflot introduced one-time payments for the employment of flight personnel: the pilot-in-command receives 650 thousand rubles, the co-pilot - 350 thousand rubles.

Highest paying jobs in Moscow in July

Marketing director / head of the marketing department in a pharmaceutical company - up to 300,000 rubles.
Financial director of the group of companies - from 260,000 to 300,000 rubles.
Director for accounting, reporting and tax planning - up to 230,000 rubles.
Head of the procurement department - from 200,000 to 350,000 rubles.
Director for external logistics - from 200,000 to 300,000 rubles.
Lead Python / TeamLead developer - from 140,000 rubles.

Top 10 industries with the highest average earnings according to Rosstat

Financial and insurance - 68,593 rubles (the average salary of the highest paid workers in the industry is 253,668 rubles).
Extraction of minerals - 66,973 rubles (197,326 rubles).
Fishing and fish farming - 64,425 rubles (266,058 rubles).
Activities in the field of information and communications - 57,601 rubles (207,307 rubles).
Research and development - 57,516 rubles (176,438 rubles).
Professional scientific and technical activities - 56,250 rubles (199,302 rubles).
Production of coke and petroleum products; chemicals and chemical products; medicines and materials used for medical purposes - 53,341 rubles (183,803 rubles).
Repair and installation of machinery and equipment - 47 354 rubles (132 395 rubles).
Construction - 45,941 rubles (139,270 rubles).
Metallurgical production, finished metal products, except for machinery and equipment - 44,162 rubles (116,307 rubles).

Who has the best prospects

Good salaries can be received by both non-narrow (like, for example, pilots) and not the most experienced (like managers with long experience) specialists.

Superjob analyzed the offers of employers for employees with at least average qualifications and work experience from one to three years.

This is what the top 10 professions with the fastest growing salaries look like.

Oracle developer.
Annual salary growth: 21%.
Average earnings: 100,000-120,000 rubles.
Foreign exchange specialist.
Annual salary growth: 20%.
Average earnings: 55,000–70,000 rubles.
Chief designer.
Annual salary growth: 19%.
Head of Software Testing Department.

Average earnings: 120,000-165,000 rubles.
International lawyer.
Annual salary growth: 18%.
Average earnings: 80,000-120,000 rubles.
Head of Internet projects.
Annual salary growth: 17%.
Average earnings: 100,000-150,000 rubles.
Java programmer.
Annual salary growth: 14%.
Average earnings: 100,000-130,000 rubles.
Tax lawyer.
Annual salary growth: 13%.
Average earnings: 70,000-110,000 rubles.
PHP programmer.
Annual salary growth: 12%.
Average earnings: 90,000-120,000 rubles.
Systems Analyst.
Annual salary growth: 11%.
Average earnings: 90,000-140,000 rubles.

As for the prospects, the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation found out that the most in-demand employees today are qualified workers of metalworking and machine-building production, high-level specialists from the field of science, culture, construction, transport (in particular, pilots) and lawyers.

Engineering specialties in the foreseeable future will not lose their relevance. One of the most promising areas of engineering is the creation and maintenance of robots. In fact, this area will include a whole set of separate specialties - the creators of domestic robots, industrial robots, medical robots and robots for entertainment.

To master these professions, the future specialist must be well versed in automated systems, programming, process control, not to mention fundamental knowledge in the field of physics, mechanics and electrical engineering.

According to Cisco experts, the number of home robots in cities in developed countries is now doubling every 9 months. After 2020, industrial, household, children's and medical robots will become an everyday reality and a necessity. Industrial production will be automated by about 90%. Robots will completely replace humans with the most hazardous work- in mines, when carrying out underwater and construction works... Combat robotics will be actively developed.

Such promising industries will emerge as the creation of neurointerfaces for controlling robots, that is, technologies that will allow machines to be commanded with the power of thought.

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The basics of robotics can already be learned in Russian universities: similar courses and educational programs are available at MIPT, Tomsk State University, Tomsk Polytechnic University, NRNU "MEPhI", St. Petersburg NRU ITMO, Moscow State Technical University of Radio Engineering, Electronics and Automation, Moscow Institute steel and alloys, MSTU "Stankin", as well as at the Far Eastern Federal University and others.

In the future, robotics will be trained at corporate universities, as well as at leading online educational platforms like Coursera and the domestic Stepik.

Participants will be able to show their knowledge in robotics. As part of the Intelligent Robotic Systems profile, the teams will create robotic equipment for the logistics center. On the basis of the TRIK designer, it will be necessary to build a ground mobile platform configured to perform the main task, as well as obtain reliable information in the course of work. For the device, it will be necessary to write a control program that will allow the robot to independently move along the model depicting the territory of the logistics center

And as part of the track "Water Robotic Systems", the contestants will have to build two underwater robots and establish communication between them: one of the robots will have to follow the data from the cameras, and the other will receive signals from the first.

Food engineer

The growing global population demands a solution to the problem of hunger. To provide food for all people, the existing agricultural area is not enough today. The challenge for food engineering of the future will be to create large quantities of proteins and carbohydrates in a small area of land and with minimal energy consumption.

The food engineer is a cross-industry profession. Specialist in food technology as a profession exists in our time, but in the future the tasks of this specialty will change. Using knowledge in biology, chemistry, genetics and materials science, food engineers will literally have to design new products, preferably from cheap and readily available raw materials - from plants, algae, even waste.

Such experiments are now being carried out all over the world. In the USA, for example, in the laboratory of Impossible Foods, how to get a complete meat substitute from plant products - not only in terms of nutritional value, but also in taste and texture. The technology has made it possible to make burgers with cutlets, which, it is said, are indistinguishable from real beef. However, it only contains soy, wheat, potatoes, coconut oil and flavors.

Experts from the Atlas of New Professions point out that the problem of world hunger in the future will be solved by representatives of two professions - GMO agronomists and city farmers. If the former will use biotechnology to create new products with desired properties, the latter will develop mass production of food in cities. The trusses of the future will be located directly on the roofs and walls of skyscrapers and in modular trusses inside buildings.

Within the framework of young biotechnologists, they will also have to show their knowledge. In the profile "Engineering biological systems" two age groups will compete - schoolchildren of the 9th grade and younger and schoolchildren of the 10-11th grades.

The younger ones will need to improve the operation of the hydroponic plant. They need to create an algorithm for automating the collection of the main indicators of aquoponic systems and automating the introduction of the necessary reagents into installations.

V senior group the children will need to solve genetic problems, in particular, to identify key point mutations in the gene under study with their subsequent detection by molecular biology methods in a laboratory test site.

Virtual Reality Architect

In fact, the entire IT sphere will continue to develop rapidly in the coming decades. Developers information systems, data scientists, interface developers (including the already mentioned neurointerfaces), artificial intelligence specialists and other professionals of the digital age will be steadily in demand in the foreseeable future. And all because computers will not learn to program themselves for a long time - not because they do not have enough "knowledge" for this, but because the goal of programming will always be human needs, about which no one knows better than the person himself. In other words, computers will not be able to predict for a long time which application, social network or video game people will be interested in.

Virtuality architect is a profession that requires solid knowledge in all areas of IT. And this will be a typical profession of the future, when more and more activities begin to move into virtual reality. If today digital worlds exist more for entertainment, then soon they will teach, work and even heal people, which means that specialists will be in demand for creating entire worlds "to order."

Today, the basics of virtual reality programming are taught in many technical universities, including in Russia - at MIPT, MEPhI, NRU ITMO, Tomsk Polytechnic and Tomsk State Universities, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University named after V.I. R. E. Alekseeva and others.

By the way, if you are interested in this topic, then there is the direction "Virtual and Augmented Reality". Participants will need to create their own game from ready-made elements and in a given genre. In the process of creating an application, teams will need to use starter kit content, not just create an application-game for a given theme, genre and setting and using the required technology, but also develop a unique product with interesting mechanics, using the features of the technology.

Smart Environment Designer

The largest cities in the world are rapidly "getting smarter". In New York City, a street security system automatically detects gunfire sounds and locates where the gun was fired. The city also has a system that predicts the likelihood of fires in buildings. Moscow has a smart control system road traffic informs about traffic jams and regulates the traffic load. In Barcelona, smart waste containers report communal service when they are full.

Existing Smart City technologies open up endless opportunities for the development of the human environment. They will help make life in cities safer, more enjoyable and more harmonious. The smart environment designer will create system solutions for cities. They will combine various networks, devices and sensors with a person's physical habitat - home, street, transport, place of work.

This profession (which brings together a cluster of narrow specialties) will require deep knowledge in IT, big data processing, the Internet of things and hardware. "Smart living environment" in the future also implies the integration of composite materials and sensors, that is, the specialist will still have to understand chemistry, materials science, nanotechnology.

In addition, the designer of a smart environment must have a very developed systems thinking - like an architect who conceived the construction of an entire city from scratch. Therefore, such a specialist still needs to be well versed in sociology and modern urban studies. Of course, this is one of the most difficult professions of the future, but also one of the most interesting and noble ones.

To start mastering the "architecture of the future", you need to enter universities with a strong fundamental and technical background, as well as show an interest in the humanities and sociological sciences.

Speaking about the professions of the future, one cannot but imagine the upcoming exploration of space and other planets. Despite the fact that over the past two decades, children no longer dream of becoming cosmonauts like the generations of Soviet people, in the next 20-40 years the prestige of this mysterious and heroic profession will still grow. And although in our country astronautics is still marking time and reaping the fruits of Soviet achievements, private astronautics is already rapidly developing in the West and the colonization of the nearest celestial bodies - the Moon and Mars - is being discussed.

Robots are actively used to work in space, and one would think that soon machines will oust people from this dangerous field of activity. However, one should take into account the factor of simple curiosity: no matter how dangerous it is in space, people will never stop flying outside the earth's atmosphere.

The authors of the Atlas of New Professions believe that in the future the cosmonaut's profession will be more specialized. There will be cosmobiologists who will study the behavior of organisms in zero gravity and on other planets, cosmogeologists who will explore and extract minerals on celestial bodies, and even space road vehicles that will pave routes in interstellar space. And how separate species business will actively develop space tourism, because more and more people will be able to afford flights to low-earth orbit or to the moon.

Now, future cosmonauts in Russia are trained mainly by aviation and technical universities, including military ones: the Moscow Aviation Institute, the Krasnodar Higher Military Aviation School of Pilots (Military Institute) named after V.I. Hero of the Soviet Union A.K.Serov, Moscow State Technical University. N.E.Bauman, Siberian State Aerospace University. Academician M. F. Reshetnev, St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation.

Unmanned Systems Developer

Drone developers transport systems are in demand today in large technology companies. In June 2017, Yandex posted a vacancy for a developer of self-driving cars. The applicants needed to be able to work with sensors, controllers and car activators, develop control algorithms for cars, design and test equipment. They also required excellent knowledge of C ++ and Python, experience in Linux programming and multi-threaded programming. Apparently, the company found the right specialist rather quickly, as the vacancy was soon closed.

Google, Facebook, Uber, Amazon and Microsoft are also actively developing their own projects to create unmanned vehicles, aircraft and other vehicles. Not to mention the multitude of specialized companies and startups.

In the next 20 years, the demand for specialists in unmanned systems will only grow. In parallel, many specializations will appear - developers of drones for various purposes (military, postal, observation, engineering), developers of unmanned vehicles, developers of underwater drones and interfaces for controlling cars. At the same time, developers of intelligent control systems for dynamic dispatching will be in demand, in other words, dispatchers for organizing drone flights. Analytics of data collected by drones will become a separate specialty.

The profession of a developer of unmanned systems is similar in complexity to the automotive industry. At the same time, in addition to deep engineering knowledge, the specialist will need to be well versed in the programming and architecture of control systems.

Today in Russia such knowledge is given at the Moscow Aviation Institute, Kazan National Research Technical University named after V.I. A. N. Tupolev, Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Military Aviation Engineering University in Voronezh and Siberian State Aerospace University named after A.N. Academician M.F. Reshetnev.

The profile "Unmanned aircraft systems" is envisaged in which participants will be offered to write a program for a fire drone and test a drone in a test site.

Preventive Medicine Specialist

In the future, people will not stop getting sick, but they will get sick less often due to the development of preventive medicine, which is aimed at preventing the causes of the disease rather than treating the consequences.

In the next 20-30 years, medicine will make a huge step forward: many incurable diseases will be defeated, doctors will understand the mechanism of mental disorders, robotic prostheses with feedback will be used with might and main - a person will be able to feel the touch of an artificial hand. Research in the field of genetics and biotechnology will make it possible to identify the prerequisites for the disease at the earliest stage and stop them even before the onset of clinical symptoms.

Such developments are carried out in large companies and through the efforts of small startups. In the USA, the Verily project, founded by former employee Google by Andrew Konrad, is developing a technology by which wearable gadgets - smartwatches and bracelets - can collect data on human health and analyze it for the propensity of the owner to dangerous diseases. The startup is also developing smart contact lenses that will be able to determine the level of sugar in the blood.

Poe, in the next five years, the market for medical gadgets will grow from $ 2 billion to $ 41 billion.

A preventive medicine specialist will be well versed in both medicine itself and in IT-spheres - big data analysis and algorithmization. At the same time, future doctors will do most of the work online - medical consultations, prescribing treatment, prescribing medications, and even diagnostics will be carried out by so-called “network doctors”.

Experts from the Atlas of New Professions name network doctors as one of the specialties that will appear everywhere before 2020. They will target early diagnosis and disease prevention. It will be a professional failure for them to find a neglected disease or even an acute disease in their patient.

Such doctors will see most of the patients by video link, so that the concept of a queue in a polyclinic will become a thing of the past. Hospitals will remain only for high-tech treatment and operations, during which robots will assist surgeons.

A number of leading Russian medical universities are currently training specialists who can retrain as specialists in preventive medicine or independently begin to develop medical systems of the future. These are the medical academies of Nizhny Novgorod, Smolensk, Novosibirsk, Krasnodar and the capital's medical universities - named after Sechenov and Pirogov in Moscow, named after Pavlov in St. Petersburg.

Financial Technology Specialist

Fintech is one of the fastest growing technology industries of our time. And yet, as of 2017, the industry occupies no more than 1% of the entire financial sector of the world economy. The volume of venture capital investments in fintech in the United States in 2016 reached $ 13.6 billion. By comparison, the country's entire financial industry is $ 11 trillion.

Experts name five main directions for the development of financial technologies in the future - payments and transfers, loans and borrowings, capital management, insurance, and the foreign exchange market. That is, in all these industries, the role information technologies will increase ..

A specialist who combines knowledge of financial and technological instruments will be in demand more than ever in the coming decades. Such areas as the use of big data to assess risks in insurance, the use of artificial intelligence in asset management, the development of individual pension programs, and others will be actively developed.

At the same time, some familiar professions in developed countries will become a thing of the past - accountants, tellers and even, perhaps, stock traders.

Good financial training with a technological component is given by the courses of the Higher School of Economics, the Russian University of Economics. G.V. Plekhanov, the Financial Academy under the Government of the Russian Federation, the Russian Academy of National Economy and public service under the President Russian Federation, St. Petersburg State University.

Participants will be able to demonstrate their knowledge in the field of fintech. They will have to create a decentralized application at the junction of blockchain technologies and the Internet of Things to ensure interaction between manufacturers of batteries for electric vehicles, service centers quick-change batteries; and electric vehicles. Teams will need to design a solution that can check for counterfeit replaceable batteries, confirming the stated quality and ongoing wear and tear. The issues of economic interaction will also not be left out: the service station is fully automated, which means that students will have to transfer all monetary settlements to an automatic basis, including determining the optimal parameters for making transactions.

Online educator

A teacher is an eternal profession, just like the profession of a doctor and a builder. And this is a profession in which a person, perhaps, will not be replaced by machines for a long time. Even with the creation of a full-fledged artificial intelligence capable of passing on the experience of generations, we are unlikely to trust the upbringing and teaching of children to a computer. Therefore, teachers will always be in demand. But this conservative branch of knowledge is also changing.

Online pedagogy is becoming ubiquitous. Various training courses, training in new professions gather thousands of students around the world. Platforms like Coursera are revolutionizing educational process... In the next 20 years, people will receive a significant part of their knowledge on the Internet, either independently or with the help of online educators.

In addition to simple video communication (two-way or multi-channel), educators of the future will use interactive tools that can receive feedback from students and immediately test their knowledge. The learning process will become even more "alive" than in a traditional classroom.

Game forms of education will be actively used, especially at primary and secondary school age. Virtual reality will become an important part of educational content - in it, students, accompanied by a teacher, will be able to model space, visualize abstractions and simply watch reconstructions of historical eras “as it was”.

Currently - again due to the conservatism of the teaching profession - online teachers are not trained anywhere. We can only predict that with the wider introduction of new educational technologies, traditional pedagogical universities after 2020 will pay attention to this still nascent branch of pedagogy.

Nanomaterials designer

Designing nanomaterials, along with the development of robotics and biotechnology, will be another cross-industry profession of the future. These specialists will be engaged in modeling the properties of materials, predicting their life cycle using digital tools. The material designer will need to be well versed in nanophysics and nanochemistry and, of course, be able to program.

Nanomaterials will be used not only in industry, automotive and aircraft construction, the creation of tools and equipment, but also in housing. So, houses made of composite materials with built-in chips will change the temperature of the walls in the room in accordance with the weather or the desire of the tenant, as well as change the color or transparency.

Specialists in nanotechnology are trained in Russian universities - MIPT, NRU MISiS, Russian University of Chemical Technology. DI Mendeleev, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin and other educational institutions.

Participants in the profile "New materials and sensors" can also show their knowledge in the specialty of the future. Teams will need to shortest time create an active chemical substance, assemble a sensory system for it and demonstrate their efficiency.

Recycling specialist

Solving environmental problems will be a key condition for sustainable development in the future. Environmental specialists will be in demand in all branches of production and transport. And the issues of environmental protection will also be solved with the help of high-tech tools.

One of the promising industries will be recycling - the processing of materials and their reuse. The development of new environmentally friendly and cheap technologies will be taken over by recycling specialists.

Recycling technologies are developing rapidly today. Companies are investing in this area significant funds, and the state supports progressive initiatives. Environmental specialists are trained by a number of large educational institutions starting with the Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov. Systematic concepts of ecology can be obtained in classical and technical universities with a degree in Ecology and Nature Management.

Schoolchildren who will soon have to enter universities are thinking about what professions will be in demand in Russia in the next 10 years. Many listen to the advice of their parents and want to become lawyers, economists, cooks, locksmiths. Here are just trends modern world show that in the near future the most valuable and highly paid professions will be completely different directions.

Flying to Mars, conquering outer space, curing the most terrible diseases - all this to an adult today seems to be something unreal to a person. But as practice shows, it is these areas that are developing very quickly, along with robotics and programming.

According to scientists, in the next 10 years about 70 - 75% of jobs will be occupied not by people, but by machines. As a result, physical labor will become practically irrelevant. Of course, in Russia the number of robots may turn out to be significantly less than, for example, in the same progressive Japan. However, smart leaders will try to incorporate robots into their work because they:

do not require wages;
will not steal, will not violate the technology, will work in full compliance with the standards;
more hardy, can work seven days a week, lunch breaks.

Teachable artificial intelligence- the main competitor of man for workplace... What is left for people to do? To master industries in which the work of robots is impossible or only partially possible. According to Christopher Pissarides, winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics, today there are only 6 such areas. Among them:

medicine;
education;
real estate;
household chores (it's not so much about cleaning and cooking, but about planning a family budget, choosing a convenient and comfortable place to stay);
hotel, tourist and catering business(this also includes entertainment);
personal services (psychologist, nurse, nanny and other professions in which replacing a person with robots has no practical sense or is impossible for ethical reasons).

Necessary skills for the job

5 - 10 years ago, knowledge of English language It was important factor when choosing people to work in serious positions. Today this is already a necessity, but other qualities are valued in employees. Undoubtedly, these include professionalism, focus on results, stress resistance. In 10 years, the following skills will be relevant (depending on the profession):

systems and economic thinking;
programming;
control;
intersectoral communication;
work with uncertain, changing conditions;
multilingual;
the ability to work with people.

Practical experience in specific areas, knowledge and a person's desire to develop will be highly appreciated.

You can hardly find lawyers, accountants and economists on the list of professions of the future. This does not mean that they will be unclaimed. On the contrary, people will remain the most valuable resource here. But we are talking about professions that in the next 5, 10, 15 years can become really promising, although today many seem unusual or even unrealistic.

I would also like to mention the IT sphere and programming. In the wake of interest in cryptocurrencies for the next 5 years, companies will have a particular interest in specialists in relevant specialties. Blockchain programmer able to earn a lot, if, of course, we are talking about an intelligent, competent and active person.

If you believe the publications of Russian, American and European researchers, very soon the following professions will be the most relevant:

Virtual reality designer... In 7-8 years, the number of virtual reality (VR) devices in price terms will reach more than $ 45 billion. Such a powerful capitalization will open up opportunities for specialists to earn money by simulating virtual reality for the inhabitants of the planet. Researchers argue that very soon millions of people will choose to spend their leisure time in virtual reality. In it, they will meet in negotiations with clients and partners, visit cultural attractions. It is likely that in this way it will be possible to visit educational institutions.
Roboethics lawyer... For many people, this is an incomprehensible activity. We are talking about specialists who act as a kind of communicator between artificial intelligence and humans. Such people are engaged in the creation and implementation of ethical standards on the basis of which robots will work so that the latter do not harm humans.
Tour guides... Only here we are not talking about grandmothers-guides in museums, but about people introducing visitors to objects of art in virtual reality. Incredibly, experts say that in the near future 80% of visits to museums and other cultural sites will be virtual. Commentators and guides who can work in virtual reality will be able to find suitable jobs for themselves.
Biohackers... They are self-taught, doing research in the field of molecular biology. Due to the openness of modern science, people will be able to help in the development of freelance work. It is likely that this will allow finding a vaccine for a large number of diseases that are incurable today.
Smart home technology specialists... We are talking about people improving various household appliances and electronics. Today it is no longer surprising to hear about a kettle, multicooker or oven, starting to work not only on a timer, but also using a smartphone. As a result, a person can cook food remotely, and by the time he arrives, he can practically have a full breakfast, lunch, and dinner on the table. Specialists in this field are building new opportunities into common system“Smart home” that works as a whole.
Space guides... If today only a few can fly into space, then, presumably, in 10 years people with a high level of income will be able to go to the stars. For them, such flights will be in demand. And to ensure the safety of travelers, specially trained space guides will be needed. In the beginning, trained cosmonauts will most likely act, and only later a similar specialty may appear in domestic universities.
Curators of neurointerfaces... We are talking about people who provide and develop technologies that can combine the human brain with a computer. This area may develop in a few years. What will happen in the end? People will be able to enter their memories, thoughts and plans on a computer without using a letter or voice, even post them on the Internet. Curators will have to create optimal conditions for the adaptation of information flows.
Ecosystem Restoration Specialists... Land resources are not renewable, so their shortage will be noticeable in a few years. Man, using the surrounding benefits, depletes nature, destroying its ecosystem. Therefore, specialists involved in the restoration of resources will be in great demand in the near future. Ecologists will be able not only to replenish oil reserves, but also to restore dead plants and animals due to the presence of their genetic material.
Constant Power Device Engineers... In the near future, conventional electricity will become obsolete. In most countries, people will use the energy of the sun and wind. However, their use is limited to certain weather conditions. In order for devices and equipment to function constantly, constant power devices are needed.
Body designer... The name might sound like people making clothes or fitness trainers. In fact, this profession refers to specialists working at the intersection of medicine and plastic surgery. A person will be able to convey to him his desires for the body of his dreams, he will already create a model for surgeons that will be used during operations.

The professions of the near future look rather unusual. Much attention is paid here specifically to the problems of humanity, but the IT sphere and programming are not fully touched upon.

The most promising professions, according to the Skolkovo center

Skolkovo is one of the most progressive and knowledge-intensive centers in the country. The smartest people work there. According to experts, in the near future, promising professions will be the following:

Urban farmer... Its tasks will include useful greening of cities. It is assumed that such specialists can grow fruits and vegetables directly on the roofs and facades of houses. This will allow cities to provide themselves with the necessary provisions.
Molecular Nutritionist... The problem of excess weight at the present time is very acute. The number of obese people is growing steadily, including in Russia. According to scientists, each organism is individual and requires a special approach when choosing diets. There is no one size fits all solution. Molecular dietitians will help patients lose / gain / maintain weight based on the individual structure of their body at the molecular level.
Online Doctor... Even now budgetary institutions consult patients remotely. In the next 5 years, online examinations will become so in demand that ordinary specialists will be forced to retrain.
Space Tourism Manager... Moreover, the Skolkovo experts note that it is not a question of guides, but of professionals who will be directly involved in organizing flights to the stars. Of course, in the next 5 to 8 years this area will only develop, but only then the need for qualified personnel in this area will greatly increase.
Digital linguist... Such people are engaged in the adaptation of machine language for ordinary people... In fact, specialists will perform the indirect role of online translators, search engines and robots, that is, they will act as intermediaries between humans and artificial intelligence.
Reconstructor... They will be engaged in the reconstruction of historically and architecturally significant objects. This will allow the buildings to return to their attractive appearance, make them safe, while retaining historical value.
3 D-designer... Moreover, such a profession in the very near future will become in demand in many industries at once. Construction will become one of the main directions. Specialists today create building materials and elements using 3D printers, but soon they will learn how to make ready-made full-fledged technological buildings with the help of them.
Household Robot Developer... This profession is very popular today. In the kitchens of many people, you can find dishwashers, microwave ovens, multicooker and other appliances that simplify and speed up the process of doing housework.
Financial designer... Such a specialist will help people create own plan career development and success. Moreover, most likely they will have a narrow specialization - to work in specific areas.
Mind fitness trainer... He is a charismatic and confident person who can help develop intellectual abilities anyone. We can talk about the development of phenomenal memory, mastering speed reading and many other abilities.

What professions will be in demand in a few years is a question facing millions of high school students and their parents. Not every student aged 15-16 is able to independently assess the prospects of the labor market, but everyone wants to get a profession in demand. In this article, we will tell you who to go to study after school in order to become not just another clerk in the future, but a high-class and well-paid specialist.

Professions of the future

The labor market is changing very quickly and these changes will continue. No one can say for sure what this market will look like in 10-20 years, but here are the conclusions that can be drawn based on the current situation in the world:

The number of jobs will be reduced. This is due, firstly, to the fact that the growth rate of the population exceeds the growth rate of the economy, and secondly, to the achievements of technological progress. Look at what is happening in the world: unmanned taxis are being launched in Singapore, Magnets are being built with automatic checkout counters in Krasnodar, the first Tesla drone is being tested.
In addition, the share of Internet trade is growing, when it is enough to make a couple of mouse clicks to order goods. As a result, there is no need to build huge stores, hire dozens of cashiers and sales consultants, which again leads to job cuts.

We live in a high-tech era, and professions of the future are professions in the field of IT. Humanities professions lose heavily, and in some quarters there is a joke that the Pulitzer Prize for Literature will soon be won by a computer.
Soon, there will remain mainly unskilled labor, which costs a penny, and highly qualified specialists who earn millions. The number of mid-level specialists who prevail now will decrease- people will either improve their skills and become specialists in the major league in the labor market, or remain at the level of unskilled specialists.

Now let's try to answer the question of how to survive in this market?

Tips: how to make good money today and 10 years from now

So, let's see how you need to act in order to become a sought-after specialist and remain so for many years.

Now let's talk more specifically about the most relevant professions and see what new specialties may appear in the very near future.

Forecast: the most in-demand jobs in 2022

Most labor market analysts argue that there are too many lawyers in Russia now, as well as designers and psychologists, at the same time, there are not enough agronomists, doctors and engineers... More than 85% of graduates of humanitarian universities do not have the opportunity to get a job in their specialty.

What awaits us in the future and what professions will be in demand in a few years?

According to Nobel laureate Christopher Pissarides, there are only a few areas in the world in which robots will not be able to supplant humans anytime soon. These include:

education;
healthcare;
personal services;
real estate;
housekeeping.

Robotics will soon invade all areas human activity... It may seem to you that this resembles the plot of a science fiction film, but believe me - the future is already knocking at our doors.

Answering the question, what professions will be in demand in 5-10 years, one cannot fail to mention new specialties, which, according to forecasts, should appear in the very near future.

These include:

airship designer;
cosmogeologist;
bioethics;
IT medic;
robotics engineer;
architect of energy-zero roads.

And that's not all - full list includes 136 such professions!

It seems incredible, but let's remember how our world has changed over the past 20 years - then people listened to music on cassette recorders, took photos on film cameras, and PCs and Cell Phones seemed like a luxury available only to the rich. But 20 years is just a little, but how far progress has gone over these two decades!

But let's get back from heaven to earth. Perhaps, in 20 years, airship designers will be in demand, but what to do now if this is not taught anywhere yet?

There is only one conclusion: when choosing whom to go to study after school, you need to keep in mind the upcoming changes and choose professions in related fields in order to have the necessary background and, if necessary, quickly get a new promising specialty.

And of course, when choosing a promising profession, you need to focus on your preferences.

What professions will die out

It is rather difficult to predict the “extinction” of the profession. For many years now, experts have been talking about the lack of demand for librarians, but they still continue to go to work. Despite this, the librarian profession is indeed on the endangered list.

Sellers will soon also decrease, although they are unlikely to disappear completely. This is due to the growth in the online shopping industry, which we have already discussed above.

In addition, postmen, lifters and watchmen should soon disappear.

Journalists and reporters, as well as other “sharks of the pen”, including copywriters, editors and proofreaders, will be endangered - the work of the former will be performed by social networks, and the duties of the latter can be automated.

The once popular secretaries-assistants are also under attack - many businessmen today find it easier to hire a network assistant.

Understudies and stuntmen who will be replaced by modern web technologies will "die out". Museum workers can share their fate - from useters to tour guides.

And by 2030, the professions of lawyers, economists, accountants and managers (managers) may be irrelevant! Sberbank has already announced that it intends to replace as many as three thousand of its legal advisers with robots, and the Ministry of Finance proposed to cut the number of accountants by half last fall.

In total, scientists identify more than 50 endangered professions, and among them there are specialties that are very popular today.

Labor market changes

Before deciding who to go to study after school, you need to understand what changes will occur in the labor market after a few years. We have already found out that robotics will be introduced into all areas of human life, but that's not all.

Experts say that the principles of work of doctors and teachers will change, and special programs will do all the paperwork for them.

In addition to IT and eco-projects, the service sector will actively develop.

Online education will continue to develop. More and more people will receive postgraduate education.

At the same time, in some areas, not diplomas will be appreciated, but specific knowledge and skills possessed by the applicant.

This is hardly a complete list of upcoming changes, but still this information will help you better navigate where our planet is headed.

Who to go to study after school

According to experts, in the near future, the labor market will continue to demand for

engineers;
doctors;
technical specialists;
chemists;
biologists;
IT-specialists, programmers and software developers;
specialists in the field of tourism and hotel business;
ecologists;
nanotechnologists.

If you get one of these specialties, you will definitely not be left without work!

As for the now popular marketers and PR specialists, financiers and lawyers, these professions cannot be called the most promising. It is quite possible to make money in these areas, but you need to understand that the competition is very high, and only high-class professionals can achieve success.

One cannot fail to note another promising area - blockchain technology is being introduced into all spheres of our life, and it has already begun to be taught in some universities, including in the Russian Federation. This is a very interesting area that will actively develop in the coming years.

If you want to know more about blockchain technology and making money on cryptocurrencies, here are 5 proven ways to make money in this area in the coming months

Whatever professions are in demand in the future, you need to think about your financial well-being today. For example, you can buy an apartment not only for yourself, but also for renting it out and receiving passive income. In more detail about where else you can invest money in order to receive monthly income find out at the online marathon

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