Quail breeding business plan. Own quail farm: earnings and losses of the poultry business. Growing quail at home

Breeding quail for sale is a waste-free production. They sell eggs, carcasses and even bird droppings. This type of business is quite suitable for an inexperienced farmer, as it does not require large investments, special knowledge and skills. The low investment threshold and simplicity make the quail business profitable and profitable for the aspiring entrepreneur.

Positive aspects of a quail breeding business idea:

high egg production of birds (productivity of one individual is 250-280 eggs per year or 22-23 eggs per month);
the popularity of the product among those who adhere to the principles of healthy eating (there are more and more of them in Russia);
favorable ratio of body weight and eggs (1:24);
simple conditions for keeping and feeding birds;
long shelf life of eggs (more than chicken eggs, 3 times).

It is important to remember! The main advantage of a business is a short payback period. The home farm will be profitable in just 2 months.

But business also has disadvantages. First of all, this is work without holidays and weekends - the farm needs supervision. The second disadvantage is related to short term productive life of the laying hen. The bird becomes an adult early, after a year it is changed: a one-year-old quail is about to stop "supplying" eggs. Although quails are less sick than chickens and rabbits, they are sensitive to changing conditions. Drafts, unusual food, temperature changes sometimes lead to the fact that the bird stops laying eggs for 2-3 weeks, and this is a direct loss for the farmer.

The main questions of organizing a quail farm

Premises of 8-10 sq. m. on the territory of a private house or summer cottage it is easy to turn into a quail farm. It is good if it is a warm room with ventilation. The birds are kept in cages, while the cages are placed in 2-3 floors. Do-it-yourself cages are not difficult to build; this will help save on initial investments and increase profitability.

What you shouldn't save on: feed, automatic feeders and drinkers. For good egg production and weight gain, the bird needs a balanced feed (it is unlikely that it will be possible to prepare it at home). It is also important to distribute this food correctly to ensure that all of them are distributed evenly. Nipple drinkers are purchased for quails - with them, keeping birds is facilitated: layers have access to clean water all the time.

Useful information! The quail population should provide good conditions for breeding: find a quiet place, adhere to the specified temperature (18-22 ° C) and humidity (at least 65%). This will require heating appliances, a ventilation system, artificial lighting.

80-100 individuals are placed on 1 square meter. Thus, to keep 500 birds (experienced farmers recommend starting with this number), a minimum of 5 square meters will be required. meters of free space. Taking into account the fact that the business will expand, it is better to allocate a space of 10-20 square meters.

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The profitability of quail breeding

How does the idea of breeding poultry pay off? Let's count. The purchase of young animals will cost 7,000 rubles (14 rubles per chicken). Quail will reach reproductive age in 30-40 days. Within a month, the birds will begin to lay eggs, the first profit will appear. In the livestock they keep one male for 4 females, so only 400 out of 500 birds carry eggs. At the end of the second month, the entrepreneur will have 10 thousand eggs in his hands. By this time, the distribution channels should be prepared. Even if you donate eggs at the wholesale price (40 rubles for a dozen), your earnings will amount to 40,000 rubles.

Important information! Experienced quail breeders advise not to buy immediately a livestock of 500 individuals, but to purchase 10-20 families, which will then give birth. On average, 50 birds give birth to 500 heads in six months. With this method of organizing a home farm, you will have to acquire an incubator, but this is beneficial - it will quickly pay off. The cost of the device is from 3 to 15 thousand rubles.

Start-up costs for starting a business:

As for running costs, 80% of the monthly costs of a novice businessman is the purchase of feed. One adult eats 25 g per day or 750 g in 30 days. For 500 birds, 375 kg will be required (9 375 rubles in monetary terms). They buy a combined feed for quails, its price is 25-30 rubles. per 1 kg (cheaper in bulk). For 60 days, the cost of feed will amount to 18,750 rubles.

Taking into account all the calculations, the cost of a home farm will amount to 46,750 rubles for 2 months (including start-up capital). After this time, the businessman reaches the break-even point. Monthly income from the sale of eggs at the level of 40,000 rubles. will bring a net profit of 20,000 rubles. (taking into account natural product losses).

Quail farm business plan

With the acquisition of experience, the farmer will learn how to raise the young in the incubator himself, this will reduce the cost of purchasing new birds to zero and will become a source of additional profit. For raising chickens and organizing " kindergarten»You will need a brooder (a special box for keeping babies) and vacuum drinking bowls; the cost of the finished box is 4,500 rubles.

The advantage of independent breeding of quails is that a novice businessman gradually gets used to the rules of caring for a bird, creates good conditions for it, separates males from females in time. Separating a quarter of the eggs for reproduction, the entrepreneur will decide the issue with the purchase of young animals.

Another condition for the profitability of the selected type of activity is the absence of salary costs. The idea of building a mini farm is beneficial in that it does not require hired workers - one person can handle a livestock of 500-1000 pieces. Also, acquaintances and friends who will buy eggs will not require documents from the tax and sanitary services. If the livestock exceeds 1000 units, the cost of their maintenance will also increase. You will need hired personnel, paperwork, advertising costs, packaging, transportation, veterinarian services.

So that the profit does not go negative, and the costs of maintaining the farm are minimal, adhere to the following rules:

combine different types of commerce (selling eggs, raising young birds, preparing meat);
do not start by buying a large batch of birds - start several families, gradually expanding the territory of the business;
look for suppliers before the hens start laying eggs;
make racks, brooders, cages with your own hands - buy only what you can't do yourself;
do not skimp on feed: high-quality compound feed is a guarantee of bird health.

Where and to whom to sell grown quails and eggs

Calculations show that the profitability of the business is high - provided that it is possible to establish distribution channels. Selling 10 thousand eggs a month is not difficult and does not require serious marketing investments. If there are more products, you will have to hire a seller in the market or look for a wholesale buyer.

Main distribution channels: market, supermarkets, restaurants. Health establishments that adhere to the principles of dietary nutrition (sanatoriums, rest homes, children's institutions) are interested in the product. But working with large retail outlets and organizations will require documentary evidence of the legitimacy of the business. You will also have to get certificates from the sanitary service.

The wholesale price of a dozen eggs is 30-40 rubles, the retail price is 50-60. There are eggs of rare breeds, their price reaches 60-70 rubles. for 10 pcs. If the entrepreneur manages to prove that his product is fresh and environmentally friendly, the price per package will rise to 100 rubles. As a rule, the goods are sold in the region of the manufacturer, because the costs of transportation and refrigeration equipment reduce profits.

It's important to know! Quail eggs are available to residents of large cities, in small villages the market is not saturated. The culture of consumption of quail meat and eggs is growing, interest in products in Russia is increasing: the market is showing growth.

Sale of meat and quail carcasses

Experienced poultry farmers claim that quail breeding as a business is very profitable. But if so, then why is it not easy for everyone? Yes, the bird and its eggs are valued, and this is a known fact. But is their cost so great to recoup all the initial and subsequent expenses for the maintenance of quails? The article below will discuss how to build a business on breeding this little bird and not be at a loss.

Quail and quail eggs

Long before starting your own business, it is worth exploring the pros and cons of an undertaking. In the case of quail breeding as a business, reviews usually speak in favor of such a case. Bird eggs are highly prized. They are 3-4 times more profitable than chicken ones in terms of demand, benefit and cost. It is believed that the profit from a business on their eggs can reach 100%, but only if the work is done correctly.

But in the case of breeding poultry for meat, the profitability reaches only 25%. Although there are many nuances here, such as early maturity and a short production cycle. On average, it is possible to recoup a business on quails in 6 months and this is very little, in comparison with the same chickens or other domestic animals.

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Quail meat is classified as a dietary type. It is delicious and expensive. Bird eggs are not cheap either. They are also incredibly healthy, have a long shelf life, and are in high demand. These are the main advantages of such a business, but not all.

Quail and quail

Quails grow rapidly. They are actively developing, start to rush early. For meat production, the production cycle lasts up to 3 months.
The cost of acquiring the first individuals, organizing the poultry house is much lower than in the case of chickens, turkeys, ducks or other domestic animals, which is associated with the small size, as well as the unpretentiousness of the bird.
Breeding quails as a business is also beneficial because these birds almost never get sick. Diseases are extremely rare, with the wrong content.
There are not very many competitors in this market. Breeding a bird, of course, is profitable, but not everyone has where to do it, and there is a lot of trouble.

Incubator and quilts

There is no ideal business without problems, so that everything goes right like clockwork. There are drawbacks in any business and you need to be prepared for them.

Quails do not incubate eggs, so it is imperative to get an incubator in order to independently maintain the number of individuals in the herd or even increase the farm.
Birds do not live long. They are kept for up to a year, if the proportion of eggs obtained is bred, and those for meat - up to 3 months. This means that it is imperative to buy an incubator and breed young animals.
As mentioned above, quail breeding is a troublesome business. You need to be prepared for tough, regular farm work.

Before purchasing young animals, it is worth preparing a business plan, planning everything, purchasing the necessary equipment and only then quails. In order to start breeding quails, you should spend a lot of money. The business plan assumes the following initial expenses:

Quails

young growth;
rental of premises;
registration of a private enterprise;
stern;
incubator;
cells.

In order for the business to go well, it is worth initially determining its direction and buying healthy, breeding birds, in order to receive then from them the same healthy, thoroughbred young.

On average, all this will cost about $ 800-850. In addition, if the business grows (from 1000 quails and more), it will be necessary to hire additional labor, since one family cannot cope here! And these are additional expenses, but at the initial stage, when the farm is still small, they can not be taken into account.

Quail breeding

It is important to understand that if a breeder decides to build a quail breeding business, it is necessary to approach the matter with full responsibility.

If we talk about the conditions of detention, then the birds are kept in quail cages with a sloping, mesh floor and a tray to keep the inside dry and clean. The optimum temperature of the content is + 15 ... + 25 degrees with a humidity of 40-60%. The lighting is dim, otherwise the birds will begin to peck at each other. It is also important to equip the house with a good ventilation system, but avoid drafts.

If there are constantly drafts in the room, the feathers of the quails will begin to fall out.

It is better to use drip drinkers, they are considered the most convenient. Feeders are placed outside the cage so that the birds can reach them, sticking their heads out of the cage. It is best to feed quails with a full-fledged compound feed for laying hens. Although it costs a lot, it completely pays for itself!

In the first 3 weeks after birth, you cannot limit the quail in the diet! If they lack some nutrients, they will then lag behind in development. From the 50th day, you can switch to 3-4 meals a day. One individual per day takes up to 200 g of feed.

Quail breeding and their maintenance

The most difficult part of quail breeding as a business is finding where to market the products. This is the main point and it needs to be thought out long before starting a business. The breeder should have at least 3-5 prospective points where you can sell your product, but more is better. It is worth coming there with a proposal for the supply of goods, but only with a ready-made commercial proposal, when there will already be the first product.

You can, of course, initially start with a small, "home" business and check how eggs are bought, selling them to friends and relatives. But this is possible only with a small number of birds. If you want to earn more, you will have to expand the sales network and look for regular customers: points in the market, in stores, in factories.

The main thing in finding places of sale is assertiveness, self-confidence, their products and the guarantees that the breeder can offer. All products must be good - in some places, certificates of freshness and quality may be required.

Rural quail breeding can become in a good way earnings for the family. Unpretentious birds feel great in different climatic zones. They continue to lay eggs and reproduce under normal conditions. A competent approach and knowledge of the intricacies of the quail breeding business guarantees a stable income.

The quail raising activity has a number of advantages. The meat of these birds has excellent taste, which is appreciated by consumers. Positive feedback on the beneficial properties of quail eggs confirms the high demand.

Females begin to rush early, at the age of 1–2 months, and retain their productivity for up to one year. After the end of this period, one-year-old birds are sold for meat. A short production cycle allows you to get your first earnings quickly enough.

Conditions for growing birds

Small quails do not require a wide breeding area. Required conditions for keeping 30 birds:

Clean, ventilated area of 5-10 sq. meters;
Air temperature 18-22 degrees C;
Correct diet.

The first step in starting a quail business is buying special cages. The size of such cells is from 0.8 to 1 meter in width and about 30 cm in height. This area can accommodate from 50 to 80 individuals. To save space, it is recommended to create tiers of 4 cages, which will allow up to 320 birds per square meter.

Cage batteries should be designed to be comfortable to care for birds, remove droppings and keep them clean. In addition, they must be equipped with drinkers and feeders.

Breeding quail at home involves the purchase of additional equipment. In an artificial environment, females lose the ability to incubate eggs, so an incubator is required for the appearance of young animals. The cost of purchasing it depends on the capacity and functionality. On average, the cost ranges from 3 to 7 thousand rubles. Professional incubators with a capacity of up to 3,000 eggs will cost the owner of the farm about 80 thousand rubles.

After the quails hatch, they are moved to a special cabinet - brooder, where the required temperature and light are maintained.

Particular attention should be paid to the lighting in the room where the birds will keep. Installed in room light bulbs should be at least 35 lux. Additionally, 20 lux lamps are mounted above the feed trays. Exceeding the brightness of the light will lead to the fact that the birds will show aggression.

Quail breeding as a business involves intensive manual labor. One person can serve up to 600 heads daily.

Before deciding whether or not it is profitable to keep quails, you need to calculate the cost of feed. The stores sell ready-made mixtures that are used to feed chickens, but it will be more economical to make your own mixture of cereals:

Wheat from 25 to 30%;
Corn 25%;
Barley and grain of other crops 5% each;
Food additives up to 5%.

For each age, birds require different portions:

When starting a home business, the owner should know which quail breeds are most profitable to breed. Some species are not suitable as a source of income and are decorative. The main breeds that are used for breeding:

Japanese quail;
Pharaoh;
Estonian quail;
French breed.

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Quail breeding business plan

Calculations for opening a quail business for 600 individuals will be approximately as follows:

Rented premises with an area of 20 sq. 12-15 thousand rubles (this expense item is removed if you have your own premises in the household farm);
Purchase of young stock of quails 20-25 thousand;
Purchase of equipment (cages, incubator, brooder) 30 thousand rubles;
Feeding costs 3-5 thousand rubles.

The start-up capital that will be required at the initial stage will amount to 65-75 thousand rubles.

The monthly household expenses are made up of utilities, transportation finished products purchasing feed. Average amount fixed costs comes out about 15,000 rubles.

Profitability will help determine if it is profitable to keep a quail farm. To correctly assess the profitability, it is necessary to divide the proceeds into three options for selling products: eggs, meat, live poultry.

Proceeds from the sale of eggs

An average female can produce an average of 20 eggs per month. Some of them should be postponed for
increase in bird heads, about 1/3. The cost of a quail egg on the market is 5 rubles. The ratio of females to males on a farm of 600 is 50% to 50%. Every month one female eats 900 grams of grain in the amount of 20 rubles.

Amount of income: 300 females * 20 eggs * 5 rubles = 30,000
Feed costs: 300 females * 20 rubles = 6000

Sale of meat

The average weight of a quail carcass is 250 grams. The average cost of quail meat on the market is 100 rubles. Up to 100 carcasses are sold monthly.

100 rubles * 100 pieces = 10000

Selling live birds

Additional income can be brought by the sale of young or grown quails. The cost of one bird is 80 rubles, up to 50 heads can be sold monthly.

50 birds * 80 rubles = 4000

Profit and payback

Financial calculations show how much you can earn in the quail business. The proceeds from the sale of eggs, meat and live poultry will amount to 44,000 rubles. The amount of fixed maintenance costs is 15,000 rubles. Thus, monthly earnings from 600 heads will amount to 29,000 rubles. The return on investment will occur within 3-4 months.

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In the conditions of the economic crisis and the high cost of "entering" existing business niches, one of the promising areas for organizing your own business is the quail business. This type of activity has a number of indisputable advantages that make it possible to achieve stable profits within a few months:

small amount of start-up capital;

fast payback;

simplicity of bird care;

minimum area industrial premises;

low cost necessary equipment;

high consumer product quality;

low level of competition.

The disadvantages of quail breeding as a business include:

relative novelty of products for the Russian market;

the need for regular care and feeding;

increased labor costs when preparing meat for relatively larger poultry.

Quail egg production in Russian Federation does not exceed 400,000 pieces per day, while in Japan with a comparable population, the daily sales of quail eggs rarely fall below 7,000,000. For most regions, quails remain an exotic curiosity and traditional chicken is preferred.

The Russian consumer is just beginning to get used to the presence of quail eggs and meat on store shelves and in the menus of enterprises. Catering... This opens up impressive prospects for growing quail as a business, as neighboring countries show a steady increase in interest from buyers.

Material and production base for poultry breeding

You should not immediately equip a large poultry farm to make sure that the quail business is profitable. It is enough for a beginner poultry breeder to acquire a herd of up to 500 birds. Quails reach egg production very quickly, from 5 to 8 weeks after birth. A herd of 500-600 heads is easily serviced by one person with a daily employment of no more than 3-4 hours.

Your own business - what you need for quail breeding

To start a quail business, a small area is required, since the birds are as compact as possible. One meter, when placing cages in several levels, can contain up to 300 heads. For keeping, it is recommended to use a separate room with an area of about 20 m², where it will be convenient to look after the livestock, store and make feed mixtures.

The set of initial equipment will consist of cage batteries, tanks for storing feed and eggs, and equipment for cutting carcasses. A business plan for breeding quails should include an incubator for hatching chicks and a special container for young animals (brooder).

Business plan: what is how much it costs

The cost of individual equipment and breeding birds may vary depending on the specific region and seasonality. The amount of the initial investment depends on whether the cages and special containers are purchased ready-made or are made independently. Registration can be an additional expense item legal entity and renting premises in the absence of their own space.

Based on the size of a herd of 500 heads, corresponding to the business plan for breeding quail at home, material costs at the initial stage of the organization of the quail business will be:

cell battery - 8-12 thousand rubles. (while the cost of the material is 2-3 thousand rubles);

purchase of a livestock of quails - 20 thousand rubles. (the cost of quails for breeding is 40 rubles per chick);

feed (for the first time) - about 3 thousand rubles;

small incubator - from 7 to 12 thousand rubles;

brooder for young animals - from 3,500 rubles.

With the necessary skills and free time, adult cages and a brooder can be made independently, which will significantly reduce the initial costs.

A business plan for breeding quail should take into account the cost of lighting and maintaining the right temperature, depending on the season and electricity tariffs. For more efficient plucking of slaughtered poultry, it is recommended to purchase a special centrifuge, since manual processing of small carcasses can be extremely inconvenient.

Income and basic expenses in the manufacture of products

One hen, starting from 2 months of age, produces 250-300 eggs per year. After reaching the age of 8-12 months, the productivity of quails decreases and it is recommended to start them up for meat. When slaughtered, one quail carcass gives 200-350 g, depending on the breed.

The profitability of a business is determined by the cost of products and the speed of sales. It is realistic to sell quail eggs at a price of 1.5-2 rubles. per piece, meat - 60-90 rubles. for the carcass. Slaughter of poultry can begin from 8-10 weeks, when their growth ends. Meat breeds reach optimum gut weight at 6 weeks.

It is advisable to assess the profitability from the 5th month from the date of purchase of the first livestock. By this time, the laying hens reach stable productivity, and the excess males can be sold for meat. When using an incubator, the number of poultry can be increased several times, therefore, for the convenience of calculations, a business plan for quail with a herd of 1000 laying hens and 200-250 males is used.

A thousand quails carry about 300,000 eggs per year. In addition, you can additionally get at least 4,000 meat carcasses for meat with full reproduction of the productive population. Based on this, it is possible to calculate the approximate revenue from the industrial breeding of quails with the timely sale of the products of the poultry farm:

egg - 450-600 thousand rubles;

meat - 240-360 thousand rubles;

total: 690-960 thousand rubles per year.

Individual items of income can be:

sale of breeding birds from 1 month old;

implementation of poultry manure as a highly effective nitrogen-containing fertilizer;

independent production of cages, drinkers and feeders with their subsequent sale.

It is required to deduct various payments as taxes and fees from the amount of revenue, subject to the registration of a legal entity or individual entrepreneur(if we regard quail breeding as a business focused on the wholesale sale of products).

The main compulsory expenses affecting the profitability of the quail business will be to pay:

poultry feed - 144 thousand rubles;

heating and light - about 25 thousand rubles.

A herd of 1000 hens can be cared for by 2 people in part-time employment. With such a volume of production, it is advisable to use the family business model, when profits and wages, in fact, represent the same thing. Involvement of a third party work force is included in the business plan for quail breeding when it becomes justified: with an increase in the livestock up to 5,000 layers or more, there are reliable distribution channels.

Quail breeding - livestock reproduction technology

Quails are unpretentious, capable of the most compact content. It may seem that raising poultry in industrial volumes is possible even on the balcony of an apartment using boxes, cardboard boxes... This approach is justified only when growing quail as a home business, mainly for personal use. Too small a mini-farm area will be physically inconvenient for caring for several hundred heads, and excludes the possibility of expanding the quail business at home.

Growing and feeding

Stable productivity of the quail population requires certain conditions of keeping and regular monitoring of the condition of the bird. Any farm requires constant human control without days off and holidays. A quail poultry farm as a business requires care, which consists of the following:

maintaining the optimal level of lighting, humidity and air temperature;

creation of conditions for maintenance and reproduction;

ensuring adequate nutrition and the availability of clean water;

inspection of livestock, culling of birds with suspected disease or aggressive behavior;

timely cleaning of cells;

collection of eggs and slaughter of poultry.

With a livestock size of 500-600 individuals, the quail business requires 2-4 hours a day for grooming, which one person can do just fine. For a herd of 1-2 thousand birds, the efforts of two people will be required, for 5 thousand - three or more.

Premises

A suitable location is where you should start your quail business. Quails are kept under moderate illumination of 20-30 lux, which is fully provided by incandescent lamps with a power of 40 watts. With more intense lighting, birds behave aggressively and begin to peck at each other. Daylight hours should last 16-18 hours. The humidity in the room should be at least 65%; in the dry air, the quails begin to hatch their feathers.

The temperature regime is maintained within the range from 18 to 24 ° C, special attention should be paid to excluding drafts. More resistant to diseases than other poultry, quails are extremely sensitive to air currents with high temperature differences.

Containment cages

One square meter of cage space can accommodate 50-100 individuals, usually multi-tiered batteries are used. The number of floors depends on the ease of maintenance. As a material for the cage, a profile, galvanized mesh and metal sheets are used. Wood materials are inconvenient to clean and they quickly deteriorate, contributing to the multiplication of harmful microorganisms.

The height of the cages should not exceed 30 cm so that the bird does not jump, injuring its neck and head. The floor of the cage is tilted so that the laid eggs roll into a special chute. Feed and water attachments are located outside.

Feed

It is rather difficult to find a ready-made compound feed intended only for quails. Typically, the feed manufacturer indicates this type of bird when selling universal mixtures. To create an optimal ratio of nutrients and useful trace elements, you can make feed for quail. The business plan will only benefit from this.

For the production of feed, crushed grain of wheat, barley and corn is required, therefore it is advisable to purchase a special crusher. It is better to buy grain in advance at farmers' markets at the time of harvest.

In addition to grain, feed mixtures must contain a source of calcium: bone or fish meal, crushed shells, shells. Fine gravel, sand, necessary for the digestion of the bird, is thrown into the feeders. The taste of the products and the profitability of raising quail hens for eggs as a business depend on the feed. The composition of the compound feed can be changed depending on the age category.

For poultry from 1 to 4 weeks (as a percentage of the total mass of the mixture):

wheat - 9.6;
barley - 7;
corn - 40;
bone meal - 3;
fish flour - 5;
soybean meal - 30;
dry return - 3;
salt - 0.4;
herbal flour - 1.

For ages 5-6 weeks:

wheat - 25;
barley - 7;
corn - 40.5;
bone meal - 3;
fish flour - 5;
sunflower meal - 9;
dry return - 3;
crushed chalk, ground shell - 1;
salt - 0.5;
herbal flour - 1
wheat bran - 5.

For birds from 7 weeks old, including the carrier:

wheat - 15;
barley - 7;
corn - 40;
sunflower meal - 10;
soybean meal - 10;
wheat bran - 5;
fish meal - 5;
crushed chalk, ground shell - 1;
bone meal - 4;
herbal flour - 2.4;
salt - 0.6.

In order to enrich the feed with biologically active substances, special premixes (P1-1, P5-1, P6-1) can be added at the rate of 1: 100.

Growing young animals

With a compact keeping, females atrophy the instinct to incubate eggs, therefore, an incubator must be used to hatch new chicks. For fertilization, males are placed in the cells at the rate of 2-5 pieces per 10 females. The age of birds most suitable for breeding is 2-7 months.

Before being placed in the incubator, eggs with visible damage, irregular shapes, sizes and colors are discarded. It is recommended to check the contents of eggs with an ovoscope in order to select specimens with double yolk, cloudy contents and other defects.

The incubator must maintain a certain temperature and humidity level:

12 days - 37.7 ° C and 55-60%;

from 12 to 15 days inclusive - 37.2 ° С and 55%;

from day 16 - 37 ° C and 70%.

On the first day, the brood should be carefully protected from drafts. The temperature in a special container (brooder cage) should be maintained within 35-37 ° C during the first week. Then the temperature gradually decreases to 30-32 ° С during the second week and to 24-26 ° С during the third. After that, the young can be planted in cages with adults.

Breeding quail for meat or eggs which business to choose?

There are breeds specifically designed for both breeding for meat and increased egg production. Paradoxically, it is not always advisable to breed only meat breeds.

This applies to the sale of carcasses to catering establishments. A standard portion with poultry meat rarely exceeds 200 g, while the weight of a quail meat carcass is 300 g. It is not profitable for a restaurant or cafe to butcher a carcass, so they are more willing to buy meat of smaller egg-bearing breeds.

Breeding of meat breeds is economically profitable with established sales in retail chains or to poultry farms wishing to expand the range of products without changing production technology. In these cases, the profit from the sale of quail meat will be much lower, because the buyer has to take into account his profit margins from the subsequent resale.

The most rational is the breeding of not very small egg-bearing breeds and make efforts to sell both eggs and quail meat. Business, in any case, consists in the fact that hens give eggs, and the poultry has to be slaughtered at the age of 1 year, and the resulting eggs and meat need to be put somewhere.

Sales of finished products

Any production is constantly faced with the problem of product sales. There is no doubt about the ability of quails to consistently produce eggs and meat, but it may take quite a long time to find a sales market in modern Russian realities.

Leaders farms, who have already achieved significant results in quail breeding, are advised to start with word of mouth.

At the initial stages of implementing a business plan, you should try to offer quail eggs and meat to your friends and relatives. From them, information can go further, subject to the appointment of a favorable price for buyers. This distribution channel cannot be considered truly reliable, but it will help you to make a profit while working with other potential buyers, such as wholesale and retail trade networks and restaurants.

You should not seriously count on small stores that do not have a developed network. Low purchasing power and insufficient customer traffic will not allow reaching any significant volumes. In this case, you will need to spend own funds for the delivery and packaging of products.

When promoting products to retail chains and catering establishments, the obvious benefits should be communicated to the potential buyer. 100 g of quail eggs, with comparable amounts of useful microelements, proteins and fats, contain half the carbohydrates and several times less cholesterol. This makes the products of quail breeding more useful and suitable for dietary nutrition. In addition, the valuable properties of quail eggs allow you to remove radionuclides from the human body.

Sale of quail meat and eggs to poultry farms

Establishing ties with large suppliers of farm products in the region can be considered quite reliable. In this case, you will have to give up part of the profit, but the farm will be relieved of the need to receive most of the permits... In addition, wholesalers are relieved of the need to worry about distribution channels.

Large producers of poultry products, as a rule, are interested in expanding their own assortment for their counterparties, but often do not have the opportunity to create an additional production chain. When working with wholesalers who take on the work with the end consumer, it is necessary to constantly maintain stable supplies in the required volumes.

Growing quail on a large scale involves a slightly different approach to organizing their feeding. Since each bird (we take the Japanese quail as a basis) consumes about 30 g of feed daily, if there are thousands of heads, about 30 kg of feed will have to be spent daily. In this regard, it is necessary to have decent stocks of feed and to carry out their purchase on time.

Feed should be balanced, with sufficient amounts of vitamins and minerals to maintain high egg production. In the warm season, birds should be fed daily chopped fresh grass and juicy roots. In winter, the lack of nutrients is compensated for by sprouted stalks of wheat or millet, and wet mash is diluted with hay dust, bone or fish meal. The feeders should always contain crushed shells, gravel and chalk. Without these substances, the rate of egg production will be greatly reduced.

Quail feeding should be done at the same hours. Violation of this principle leads to a certain stressful state and corresponding negative consequences.

Sales of products

Growing quail as a business involves the sale of eggs and meat. As noted above, product marketing is a major challenge for any business. Despite the fact that the competition in this segment is still not very tough, it is very difficult to find serious counterparties for sales. This is due, first of all, to the fact that the population is reluctant to buy quail eggs. As a rule, suppliers of quail eggs are private entrepreneurs or small firms who simply do not have the money to advertise their goods well.

The first purchase of eggs is usually done by friends and acquaintances. Further, through word of mouth, the goods can be sold to friends of friends. The disadvantages of a business with such a distribution system are its limited scale and a gradual loss of customer interest (acquaintances will not constantly come to you for packing eggs, if they can also be bought in a store, having overpaid only a few rubles).

Therefore, if there are several thousand quails, you need to find more serious channels - shops or supermarkets. You should not be too happy if you manage to come to an agreement with the owner of a small shop - it is likely that sales will be scanty and cooperation will have to be stopped.

A contract with a supermarket for the supply of eggs is a very profitable option for a business. But for this you need to find weighty arguments in favor of your product (convince the administration of a chain or a certain supermarket that you are the best supplier of these products), and also get a number permits from government agencies confirming the quality and safety of products.

If you are not ready to formalize all the documents related to the business, run through the authorities and obtain the necessary permits, then the first sales system will be more appropriate.

Sale of quail meat

When drawing up a business plan for quail breeding, it is necessary to take into account all the nuances and little things that can affect profitability. So, for example, in the second year of life, egg production drops sharply in quails, so it is unprofitable to keep such a bird further. Naturally, she goes to meat. To process carcasses promptly, you need to purchase a feathering centrifuge. Manually removing the feather from miniature quails is a very boring and lengthy task, and the centrifuge will do it in a few minutes, and at the same time it will process a dozen carcasses.

As a rule, it is extremely difficult to organize the sale of quail meat through stores, but it is quite possible to find a sale in restaurants, barbecue or other similar establishments. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account such a paradox that the Pharaoh quail meat breed is not the most the best way for restaurants. A large carcass (about 300 g) is not suitable for a standard portion, and it is not customary to divide it in half. Therefore, Japanese quails, which are the best in terms of egg production, sell better for meat.

Calculation of profitability

Quail breeding as a business has one more specific feature - high profitability... The very fact that a bird at two months of age is already capable of procreation means a very high speed with which the quail population can be increased.

Here is a table with approximate costs:

As you can see, it is quite possible to keep within the amount of up to 50 thousand rubles to start a business. In addition, the bulk of the costs falls on the initial purchases of expensive equipment and young animals, which will no longer need to be purchased in the future. If we take into account that the female Japanese quail lays about 300 eggs annually, then the total income from her will be:

If we assume that in a herd of 600 heads half are chickens, then the annual income from them will be 300 * 575 = 172,500 rubles. Males will only go for meat: 300 * 95 = 28,500 rubles. That is, the herd can generate income in the amount of 201,000 rubles. At the same time, it has not yet been taken into account that they will give several offspring in a year, that is, the profitability of the business will increase even more.

Naturally, such calculations are very arbitrary, since a business rarely develops as smoothly as on paper. All sorts of problems with inspection and regulatory authorities, possible mortality of poultry and similar unfavorable factors can significantly correct such estimates for the worse. In any case, such calculations are necessary to draw up a business plan for growing quail.

It is believed that a herd of 600 heads can be served by one person, a livestock of 1200. - two people, etc. The best option is to make quail breeding a home (family) business. Before starting this business, it is necessary to draw up a business plan for quails, which should take into account the realities of a particular area: the cost of feed, heating costs, prices for eggs and quail meat.

The quail business is generally viewed positively. Those who have found distribution channels feel quite at ease. But quail breeding as a business is not only income, but also constant care for the birds, the lack of days off and vacations as such, an endless problem with implementation. In this regard, quail breeding is suitable for patient people who are ready to sacrifice their free time throughout the existence of such a business.