Tire production. Russian factories are tire manufacturers. Rubber compound production


There are many tire manufacturers in the world. In addition to huge tire concerns that have more than 100 years of history and produce tires under several brands at once, automobile rubber is also produced by many small companies, often buying technology and equipment on the side.

It is not easy for a simple buyer to figure out who is who. The site "The First for Tires" collected information about the most famous in Russia and distributed it to the countries - the birthplaces of brands.

In this article, you will learn:

European manufacturers

Continental (Germany)

The exact name " ". One of the oldest and largest tire concerns in the world. Founded in 1871, headquartered in Hanover. It has several subsidiary brands, thanks to which it occupies a leading position in the number of tires sold worldwide. It also produces automotive components. Website: http://www.conti-online.com

Subsidiary brands:

  • Barum (Czech Republic). It was founded in 1924 in the city of Zlín and was initially engaged in the production of footwear. Owned by Continental since 1995. Website: https://www.barum-tyres.com
  • Matador (Slovakia). Founded in 1905 in the town of Pukhov, since 2007 it has been owned by Continental. Website: matador.sk
  • Gislaved (Sweden). Founded in 1883 in the Swedish city of the same name (Yslaved). Owned by Continental since 1992, headquarters Website: http://www.gislaved.de
  • Uniroyal (America). Founded in 1892 in Akron, Ohio. Owned by Continental since 1979. Website: http://www.uniroyal.com

Michelin (France)

Another of the largest and oldest tire concerns in the world. Founded in 1889, headquartered in Clermont-Ferrand. has several subsidiary brands and a leading position in the number of tires sold worldwide. Website: http://www.michelin.com

Subsidiary brands:

  • BF Goodrich (America)... Founded in 1870 in Akron, Ohio. Owned by Michelin since 1988. Website: http://bfgoodrich.com/
  • Kleber (France)... Founded in 1910, has been producing car tires since 1945. Owned by Michelin since 1995. Website: http://www.kleber.fr/
  • Tigar (Serbia)... Founded in 1935 in the City of Pirot. Owned by Michelin since 2007. Site: tigar.com

Pirelli (Italy)

One of the oldest tire concerns, founded in 1872. Headquarters in Milan. Like all old concerns, Pirelli has several subsidiary brands and a very large volume of tires sold around the world. It is also engaged in the production of cable products. Website: http://www.pirelli.com

Subsidiary brands:

Formula (Italy)... Founded in 2012 by Pirelli itself. Website: http://www.formula-tyres.com

Nokian (Finland)

By European standards, this is a very young tire concern, founded in 1988, but has already managed to gain quite serious popularity. Headquarters in the city of Nokia. It produces tires under several brands, most of the products are supplied to Russia. Website: https://www.nokiantyres.com/

Subsidiary brands:

Nordman. The Finnish company positions products under the Nordman brand in the economy segment and often sells models of the main Nokian brand that were successful in the past under this brand. Website: http://www.nordmantyres.com

American manufacturers

Goodyear

One of the largest tire concerns in the world and the owner of one of the most popular brands in history. The brand gained such fame thanks to non-standard advertising campaigns, such as the production and launch of airships, as well as the exclusive production of tires for moon rovers in the American Apollo expeditions. The company was founded in 1898 and is headquartered in Akron, Ohio.

Subsidiary brands:

  • Dunlop (Britain). The brand belongs to two large concerns - the American GoodYear and the Japanese Bridgestone. It was founded in 1888 in the city of Dublin. since 1999, a portion of the brand has been owned by GoodYear. Website: http://www.dunlop.eu
  • Sava (Slovenia). Founded in 1931 in the city of Krani. Owned by GoodYear since 1998. Site: sava-tires.com
  • Fulda (Germany). Founded in the city of the same name in 1900, since 1969 it belongs to the GoodYear concern. Website: http://www.fulda.com

Cooper

Famous American tire brand. Founded in 1914 in Findlay, Ohio. The brand's products are positioned as inexpensive tires with a large resource. Site:

Subsidiary brands:

Mickey Thompson (America). Founded in 1963 by the famous racer Mickey Thompson. Since 2003, it has been owned by the Cooper concern.

Japanese manufacturers

Bridgestone

One of the largest tire concerns in the world with one of the most valuable brands in history. Founded in 1931, it produces not only tires, but also various rubber products. Has several subsidiary brands. Headquarters in Tokyo. Website: http://www.bridgestone.co.jp/

Subsidiary brands:

  • Dunlop (Britain). The brand belongs to two large concerns - the American GoodYear and the Japanese Bridgestone. It was founded in 1888 in the city of Dublin. owned by Bridgestone since 1985, and since 1999 by GoodYear. Website: http://www.dunlop.eu
  • Firestone (America). Founded in 1900 in Nashville, Tennessee. Owned by Bridgestone since 1988. Website: http://firestone.com

Yokohama

The exact name is Yokohama Rubber Company. A large tire concern, founded in 1930 in the city of Yokohama by the Japanese corporation for the production of cable products Yokohama Cable Manufacturing Co. Ltd. And the American BF Goodrich. Headquarters in Tokyo. Website: http://www.y-yokohama.com/

Toyo

The exact name is Toyo Tire & Rubber. Large tire concern, founded in 1943. The brand's products are very well known in the environment of auto racing and various automotive competitions. Headquarters in Osaka city. Website: http://www.toyo-rubber.co.jp

Korean manufacturers

Hankook

The exact name is Hankook Tire, founded in 1941. One of the two largest tire concerns in South Korea, it produces tires for all vehicles, including various special equipment and aircraft. Headquarters in Seoul. Founded in 1941, Website: http://www.hankooktire.com

Kumho

The exact name is Kumho Tire, founded in 1960. The second largest tire concern in South Korea, it also produces tires for all vehicles. Headquarters in Seoul. Website: kumhotire.com

Nexen

A large tire concern, founded in 1942, produced tires for the Korean domestic market. In 1991, he entered into an agreement with the Japanese Bridgestone, after which he modernized its facilities and began to manufacture products for export. Website: http://www.nexentire.com

Chinese manufacturers

Triangle

The exact name is Triangle Group, founded in 1976. It manufactures products on European equipment using GoodYear technologies. The American company GoodYear also produces its products for the European market at Triangle factories. Website: http://triangletire.com/

Goodride. Along with the WestLake and ChaoYang brands, it belongs to the Chinese corporation Hangzhou Zhongce Rubber, founded in 1958. One of the largest tire manufacturers in China. Website: http://goodridetire.com/

Linglong

The exact name of Shandong Linglong Tire Co. Large private company, included in the 500 largest enterprises in China, founded in 1975. Produces tires for all vehicles. Website: http://linglong.cn/

Sunny

A large Chinese tire manufacturer, founded in 1988, today it has become a state-owned enterprise specializing in the production of economy tires. Website: http://www.sunnytire.com/

Firenza

The exact name Sumo Firenza, together with the SumoTire brand, belongs to Sumo. One of the youngest but promising Chinese companies, founded in 2007. The management of the company has chosen a combination of low price, modern technologies and high quality. Website: http://www.sumotire.com/

Russian manufacturers

Kama

The brand belongs to the largest tire manufacturer in Russia, PJSC Nizhnekamskshina (Nizhnekamsk Tire Plant). Founded in 1973 in the city of Nizhnekamsk (Tatarstan). Site: td-kama.com

Viatti

The brand belongs to the largest tire manufacturer in Russia, PJSC Nizhnekamskshina (Nizhnekamsk Tire Plant). Founded in 1973 in the city of Nizhnekamsk (Tatarstan). Website: http://www.viatti.ru/

Cordiant

The brand belongs to OOO SIBUR - Russian Tires together with the second brand of the company - Tyrex. The company was founded in 2002. Since 2011, it has entered into an alliance with the Slovak tire manufacturer Matador. Site: cordiant.ru

Amtel

The Russian company was founded in 1987 by an entrepreneur of Indian origin Sudhir Gupta; it has been producing tires since 1999. V currently enters into an alliance with the Dutch tire manufacturer Vredestein. Website: http://amtelvredestein.ru

CIS producers

Belshina

The largest tire manufacturing enterprise in Belarus, founded in 1963 in the city of Bobruisk. With many dealerships around the world, it is the official supplier of Caterpillar mining truck tires. Website: http://www.belshinajsc.by

Rosava

The largest tire manufacturing enterprise in Ukraine, founded in 1998 in the city of Belaya Tserkov. Produces many standard sizes of tires for various vehicles, including trucks and special vehicles. Website: http://rosava.com

Brands and factories

However, you need to understand that tires are not necessarily produced in the country - the homeland of the brand. Thanks to globalization, tire production has long been scattered around the world. Moreover, tires of different brands are often produced at the same plant.


* Calculations are based on average data for Russia

The production of car parts always has prospects for its development. Every day there are more and more cars, so more than one entrepreneur has earned a fortune for a car enthusiast. But if the sale of car accessories and spare parts, the arrangement of a car wash or a car service does not require relatively large investments, then the full-fledged production of parts, components, assemblies, assemblies will require multimillion-dollar investments, which repels many entrepreneurs.

Production car tires may be successful, but such a business cannot be called easy. On the other hand, tires are always in demand, and therefore, with a competent organization of your production, you can count on the sale of large volumes of your products.

The most important obstacle to success in such an endeavor will be a fairly high level of competition. Now there are a huge number of companies on the market that are engaged in the production of car tires, and many of them already have a reputation and recognition among consumers, and therefore a novice entrepreneur does not have to rely on a huge market share, no matter how good his products are. There are several brands of car tires known among the population, which are invariably associated with quality, while many of them are subdivisions or representative offices of foreign companies. However, in most cases, the cost of the products of such companies is quite high for the mass consumer, but even in this case, a considerable number of tires are already presented on the market that belong to the lowest price segment.

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Russian manufacturers have a great advantage in that they have the opportunity to significantly reduce the cost of production due to the absence of large transport costs and customs duties. Products supplied from abroad will always be more expensive than their counterparts, which allows Russian manufacturers to offer consumers a competitive product for less money. But in the minds of the mass consumer there is a firm conviction that high-quality tires cannot be produced in Russia, and therefore manufacturers are forced to invest heavily in a marketing campaign. Given the fact that not everyone is ready to do this, a newcomer has every chance, conducting a business according to modern standards, to conquer a relatively large part of the market. But it should be noted that quality will have to pay a lot of attention.

The production of car tires is a very complex process that involves the work of several production lines, and many manufacturers are also engaged in their own development of raw materials, although at first glance it is much easier and more profitable to buy ready-made ones. But still, in most cases, the raw materials supplied to third-party manufacturers do not meet the quality requirements, and the entrepreneur has to independently select the components and formulas for making tires. Most car tire manufacturers keep the recipe for raw materials secret, so it is impossible to say exactly which ingredients should be used. In the general case, the basis is political or natural rubber, and the former is much cheaper, and it is almost always used in tires. At the same time, in terms of quality, it is practically not inferior to its natural counterpart.

In Russia, there are several well-established production facilities for synthetic rubber of good quality, so there should be no problems in this matter, and raw materials can be bought at relatively low prices, and deliveries will arrive regularly and with minimal delays. But it should be noted that the production of synthetic rubber is often associated with the petrochemical industry, therefore, in the light of recent events, a strong price change can be expected. Today, natural rubber is obtained even from weeds, so it is not known what the price level will be even in six months. Now the cost of 1 kilogram of rubber is a little more than 100 rubles from Russian manufacturers, but this is the cost of synthetics.

In addition to rubber, the tire manufacturing process uses formulas, gas sulfur, protective wax, carbon black, adhesives, aqueous dispersions, bifurgin, diphenylguanidine, acetonanil and many other chemicals, the number of which in one recipe can exceed 10 names. It is chemicals that determine the quality, durability and other performance characteristics of a tire, so their correct selection can dramatically change the condition of the product and its consumer value.

Ready-made ideas for your business

It should also be noted last idea in this area of ​​business, which has not yet spread in Russia, but is already being put into production in Asia and, possibly, will be of interest to Russian consumers. We are talking about colored tires, which are not painted after production, but are initially produced in a certain non-black color. For this, coloring components are initially added to the raw materials in production, which allows you to get a non-standard product. However, recipes for such raw materials are not freely available, and if an entrepreneur has a desire to engage in such production, then he will have to find professionals in the chemical industry and open his own laboratory for creating recipes.

To start your business, you need to register as individual entrepreneur, but it's better to arrange entity... It is most optimal to choose a society with limited liability, because in this case, as in the case of individual entrepreneurship, a simplified taxation system will be available. This will make it possible to transfer in favor of the state no more than 6 percent of income or 15 percent of operating activities, which is much more profitable than corporate income tax. You also need to choose the right OKVED code, and such an activity falls under the definition (OKPD 2) 22.11 Tires, tires and rubber tubes; restoration of treads and rubber tires. It should also be noted that some types of tires have their own national standards.

Ready-made ideas for your business

After everything is solved legal issues, you can start looking for a territory for your production. It should be noted that in this case it is better to have its own own property, that is, several production buildings in a relatively small area. You will need more than one are of land to locate your production, but the exact size of the site directly depends on its volume. To save money, some entrepreneurs buy territory outside big cities, where it is definitely lower, because tire production should be focused not on the regional market, but on the all-Russian one. In this regard, the location of your enterprise is not so critical, the main thing is convenient access and transport interchange.

If you do not have your own premises and a plot, then you can rent them, but in this case, you will have to pay a lot of money for it every month. In any case, such an undertaking will require considerable funds for the improvement and purchase of its territory and, possibly, for the supply of communications and internal arrangement. It is rather difficult to name the exact price here, but it will definitely be several million. Warehouses should be located on the territory, industrial premises, administrative building and laboratory. Roads should be paved on the site, because vehicles will often visit the enterprise.

Next, you should find employees for your enterprise, in this case, you will need a large staff of machine tool operators, laboratory assistants and engineers who will create recipes and check the quality of the products received, auxiliary workers and management personnel. Also, quite often such an organization has its own marketing department, which is engaged in finding buyers and promoting products. Of course, you cannot do without a logistics department and a purchasing, sales and distribution department, but all other business processes that are not related to making a profit for the organization or optimizing its activities should be outsourced.

Businesses engaged in the production of tires and tires can work with both wholesale buyers and have their own retail points of sale. The range of products produced will be large enough, so creating your own store may be advisable, but only if there is confidence that the demand for the product will be large enough to cover the costs of maintaining your retail point of sale.

Ready-made ideas for your business

Perhaps it would be better to open your store much later, when the products become well-known on the market and will be in demand among consumers. For the rest, the tire and tire manufacturing enterprise is guided directly by wholesale buyers who are already engaged in resale on their own. In order to sell large batches of products, it is necessary not only to advertise, but also to independently search for potential consumers, for which sales specialists are hired.

So, the production of tires and tires begins either with the development of our own recipes, or with the purchase of ready-made raw materials that will be used in production. However, as already noted, hardly anyone will sell ready-made recipes, so having your own laboratory is often necessary. In this regard, experienced chemists will be required who will be able to develop a recipe that is not inferior in quality to analogues on the market.

When the recipe is received, you can proceed directly to the production process itself. Tire creation consists of several stages. Based on the recipe obtained, the components are mixed, and for all parts the recipe is different and a different composition is required. The laboratory must monitor the composition of the mixture, and in case of any deviations, stop the production process from it. In length, there are two lines in length: long and short; on the first one, the sidewall and tread are manufactured, and on the second bead rings, metal cord and textile cord.

For the production of the tread, sidewall and other parts, its own separate line is used, and a variety of equipment is used for each of them. These include molders, extruders, refrigerators, cutters, winders, applicators, processors, mixers, tablet machines, cleaners, hydraulic presses, vulcanizers, and assembly machines. The cost of a full tread line is about 15 million rubles, extrusion equipment costs about 7 million, a line for the production of a hermetic layer can generally cost more than 20 million rubles, depending on the configuration. The average cost of each machine is rarely less than one million rubles, so the total cost of equipment often exceeds 50 million rubles, and depending on the number of workshops and their equipment, it can be several times higher.

It is also worth noting that the equipment is made to order, and sometimes it is required per year for the creation, transportation and installation, followed by commissioning of the equipment. It is also worth adding to this the purchase of laboratory equipment, but it will be much cheaper, because the average cost of a machine here rarely exceeds 600 thousand rubles. The purchase of molds can also become a significant expense item, because the sizes of tires on cars are different, and there are a huge number of them. It should be added here that each standard size is usually made in 4 variants: summer, winter, winter studded and all-season tires. But this is true primarily for passenger cars... It is in this connection that there is a very large range of products at such enterprises. The cost of each mold is at least 70 thousand rubles, and their production also takes time.


After the product is ready, it goes to the warehouse. Usually, today the goods are taken directly by the buyer himself, and not taken out by the manufacturer. However, for their own needs, including for transportation within the enterprise, appropriate transport will be required, which may include not only forklift trucks small vans, but also full-fledged trucks.

If you plan to open your own store for implementation finished products, freight vehicles will be necessary, and it will be necessary to maintain a sufficient fleet of vehicles for permanent cargo transportation. This can become an additional item of expenses, because trucks are unlikely to cost less than one million rubles each. Speak to transport companies it can always be unprofitable, and therefore it is best to contact a credit institution for obtaining loans or buying a car on lease.

In this type of business, it is very important to accurately identify the sales market and the contingent of consumers, which must be targeted. Consumers do not have confidence in Russian manufacturers, but their products are often much cheaper than foreign counterparts, so it always finds its consumer, because a considerable number of motorists save even on tires. It should be noted that the price gap between the cheapest and the most expensive product can be very significant, and in this case the company's policy, which seeks to cover consumers who want to save money, has a right to exist, because in this case it will also be possible to sell large batches of its products. ... In some cases, even very good quality with a very high price compared to the market average will not be a decisive factor for the consumer when buying a tire.

However, it should be noted that in the market the goods of the middle price segment, which are of average quality, are used in the best way; in the mind of the buyer, savings are combined with the relative reliability and durability of the product. But it should be borne in mind that transportation costs can slightly increase the cost of products, therefore, in their region of operation, it can be much cheaper than in other regions of the country. To begin with, you should study the market and consumer demand, identify their needs, evaluate the proposals of competitors and try to occupy the most free niche. In many cases, it is also not necessary to produce tires for absolutely any car; at first, production oriented only to the most common models may be sufficient.

Evaluating a business for the production of tires and tires, one can say about its prospects and opportunities, but these areas require a businessman to make rather large investments, and the level of competition is quite high in relation to how much complex production starts up. In this regard, before starting your work, you need to order marketing research or conduct it yourself to know all the weak and strengths such an undertaking in a specific region.

The payback period for such an undertaking is several years, depending on the demand, which at first is unlikely to be too high. On the other hand, if there is an orientation towards the lower price segment, then one can expect immediately the interest of consumers in the product, because in this case customers choose not the brand, but the minimum price.

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Tire Is the only part of the car that is in contact with the road. The area of ​​this contact (contact patch) is approximately equal to the area of ​​one human palm, so only four palms can hold the car on the road! Therefore, tires are, without a doubt, a very important element of driving safety.

In addition to the very important task of providing grip and handling of the car, the tire must also have comfort, durability, reduce fuel consumption and complement appearance car. The need to combine these different characteristics makes tire design much more difficult than it might seem at first glance. And making tires involves just as much research and technology as making a mobile phone.

Conventionally, the stages that a tire goes through before getting to store shelves can be divided into 3 stages:

    Market analysis

    Modeling and testing the model

    Mass production

Market analysis

In market research, Michelin pays great attention to the needs of drivers, not only current, but also possible requirements for tires in the future. The development of the automotive market is also being monitored.

Particular attention is paid to the peculiarities of using tires in specific conditions, which include not only driving characteristics, but also climatic conditions, road specifics and surface quality.

All this allows us to fully satisfy the needs of the most demanding customers.

Modeling and testing the model

Based on the data obtained, painstaking work begins on the creation of a future tire. This process involves not only chemists and designers, but also many other specialists, for example, industrial designers.

The success of the future tire depends on the joint work of various specialists. A high-quality and reliable tire is not so much a technological secret as a real art, which consists in the correct selection, dosage and interconnection of the various tire components.

Making a rubber compound


Its development, preparation and manufacture is akin to creating a culinary masterpiece. This is the most secret part of a tire, and although there are about 20 main components widely and well known, it is not possible to learn more about the rubber compound. After all, the secret lies not only in the components of the mixture, but in their competent combination and balance, which will endow the tire with its specific functions.

The main elements of the rubber compound of the tire:

Rubber.There are two types - natural and synthetic, it is added to the rubber compound in various proportions depending on the purpose of the tire, it is its basis. Natural rubber is the dried sap of the hevea tree, also found in other plant species, such as dandelions, but due to the complexity of the production process, they are not produced from the latter.

Synthetic rubber is a product made from petroleum. Currently, several dozen different synthetic rubbers are used, each of which has its own characteristics that affect the specific characteristics of the tire. The latest generations of synthetic rubbers are very close in properties to natural ones, but the tire industry still cannot abandon the latter.

Carbon black.A significant proportion of the rubber compound consists of industrial carbon black (carbon black), a filler available in various versions that gives the tire its specific black color. For the first time, carbon black was used in tires at the beginning of the 20th century, until that time the tires had a pale yellow color (the color of natural rubber). The main purpose of carbon black is to create reliable molecular compounds to give the rubber compound special strength and durability.

Silicon dioxide (silica).This component was once involved in the rubber compound as a replacement for carbon black. In the process of testing the new composition, it was revealed that silicon dioxide cannot displace soot from the rubber compound, since it does not provide the same high rubber strength. However, the new component improved wet grip and reduced rolling resistance. As a result, these two elements are now used together in the tire, while each of them endows the tire with its best qualities.

Sulfur.It is one of the components involved in vulcanization. Through this process, the plastic raw rubber compound is transformed into a resilient and durable rubber.

When creating a tire, work is carried out not only on the characteristics of the tire, but also on the aesthetic side, a large number of different designs of the tread pattern are considered. The use of modeling methods allows you to select a pattern that best complements the existing rubber compound and the internal structure of the future tire. According to the results computer simulation the best samples are put into production and subjected to real tests.

Michelin specialists carry out numerous tests every year, during which they drive over 1.6 billion km. This is about 40,000 trips around the globe. In the process of testing, the latest features of the future tire are being finalized. At the moment when all tests are carried out, and the results correspond to the initial assignment, the tire is launched into mass production.

Production



The initial stage of launching any tire into mass production is the preparation of production sites.

Michelin owns. And the main task of this stage is to customize each manufacturing process in such a way that the tire meets not only the original terms of reference, but in all respects did not differ from a similar tire produced in any other country.

In the subsequent mass production process, each MICHELIN tire is manufactured by highly qualified specialists using different types manual and automatic equipment. When necessary, Michelin designs its own equipment to meet production needs.

The main stages of tire production:


    Preparation of rubber compounds. As mentioned above, the formulation of each rubber compound is the basis for endowing the tire with the necessary functions.

    Create bus components. At this stage, a tread tape is formed from the obtained rubber, and a "skeleton" of the tire - a carcass and a belt - is also created. The first is made of layers of rubberized textile threads, and the second is made of rubberized high-strength steel cord. The tire bead is also prepared, with the help of which the tire is attached to the rim of the disc. Its main part is a bead ring made of many turns of wire.

    Assembly. On a special building drum, layers of the carcass and breaker, bead rings, tread with sidewalls are successively applied. Then all these tire parts are connected into a single whole - the tire blank.

    Curing. The prepared workpiece is placed in the mold of the vulcanizer. Inside tires under high pressure steam is supplied, the outer surface of the mold is heated. Under pressure on the sidewalls and tread, a relief pattern is drawn. A chemical reaction (vulcanization) takes place, which gives the rubber its elasticity and strength.

A particularly important element of production is quality control... It starts with checking the quality of each tire element at the procurement stage, is present at every stage of production and ends with a multi-level audit of the finished product..

The guarantee of the quality of Michelin products is also the availability of a production guarantee - 5 years from the date of production. The manufacturer's warranty covers defects in workmanship and materials.

Speaking about automobile rubber, we rarely think about what and how this product is made. Meanwhile, everything is not as simple as it might seem at first glance. Tire production technology includes many stages and nuances. The initial stage in the creation of automobile tires is the development of their profile and tread pattern by means of specialized computer programs for volumetric modeling. Further, the computer calculates and analyzes the effectiveness of the tire in various situations and operating conditions, after which the deficiencies are eliminated, test samples are cut manually on special machines and tested in real conditions.

As a result of the tests, information is collected for comparison with the indicators of the market leaders of the same class, after which the final adjustment is carried out, preceding the launch on the conveyor and mass production.

Rubber compound production

The material from which the tire is made is of paramount importance. It should be understood that the tires of different manufacturers differ significantly, primarily in the properties of rubber, the composition of which is often a trade secret. Such a serious approach is explained by the fact that the rubber compound determines specifications tires including:

  • Traction level.
  • Durability and reliability.
  • Seasonality and durability.

The rubber composition of modern car tires includes many materials and components: all kinds of additives and chemical compounds that determine the properties and behavior of tires. Whole laboratories in each company are engaged in the selection and combination of these elements, because it is the chemical additives and their dosage that allow the product to surpass competitors. The base for everyone is ordinary rubber, the composition of which is not a secret to anyone. It consists of:

  1. Rubber, which is isoprene (natural) and synthetic, and is the basis of the rubber compound (from 40 to 50 percent of the composition).
  2. Carbon black (industrial soot), thanks to the molecular compounds of which the tire has not only a black color, but also becomes strong and resistant to wear and temperature (from 25 to 30 percent of the composition).
  3. Silicic acid, which increases the grip of a tire with a wet surface, and is used mainly by foreign tire manufacturers (about 10 percent of the composition).
  4. Resins and oils, acting as auxiliary components to ensure the softness and elasticity of the product (about 10-15 percent of the composition).
  5. Vulcanizing agents, the role of which is most often assigned to sulfur compounds and special activators.

Note that Russian rubber is recognized as the best in the world, and therefore is in demand and is used by most of the world's leading manufacturing companies. And since synthetic rubber is inferior to natural rubber in all respects, the Russian Federation will remain the leader in this area for a very long time.

Component manufacturing

The technological process of creating a tire, among other things, includes several parallel stages of manufacturing its components, including:

  • The rubberized band is the primary tread blank that is cut to size.
  • The breaker and frame are the elements responsible for resistance to cuts, breaks and other damage. Also, the breaker and frame are responsible for the rigidity of the entire tire structure.
  • The bead of the tire is the most rigid part of it, and ensures tightness when mounted on the wheel rim.

The material for the carcass and breaker of modern tires is either steel cord or fiberglass. The latter is used in the manufacture of premium class tires, while metal cord is indispensable in models designed to equip trucks.

Assembly and vulcanization

The final stage of tire production is assembly. This technological procedure is performed by applying layers of the carcass, sidewalls, bead and tread, and is carried out on a special building drum. After assembling and shaping, all the constituent elements are connected into a monolithic structure through a vulcanization procedure. Next, the product goes through the necessary checks, is marked and sent to markets around the world.

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