Roofing oil bitumen BNK 45 180. Roofing bitumen (BNK) - oil roofing bitumen. Roofing oil bitumen

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Oil bitumen is a solid, viscoplastic or liquid product of oil refining. The chemical composition of bitumens indicates that they are complex mixtures of high-molecular hydrocarbons and their non-metallic derivatives, such as nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, which are completely soluble in carbon disulfide.

Where is natural bitumen mined?

The procedure for obtaining and complex transformation of natural bitumen is carried out in the following order:

• mining of bituminous rock
• separation of organic and mineral parts from bituminous rock
• bitumen transportation
• stages of bitumen processing.

Based on the location conditions and physical characteristics of raw materials, the process of developing natural bitumen deposits is carried out by the following methods:

• quarry and mine cleaning method involves the extraction of rock to the surface with further extraction of bitumen using a solvent or hot water with the addition of emulsifying components
• mine drainage method involves the extraction of natural bitumen in a mine by gravity through a system of ascending drainage wells drilled from mine workings
• the borehole in-situ method is distinguished by the extraction of natural bitumen by means of thermal or other action on bituminous rocks through wells drilled from the surface.

Mine (quarry and mine) methods are suitable for the development of deposits with a bitumen saturation of host rocks of more than 10% and a depth of 60-90 meters. The share of bitumen production in this case is about 85 - 90%. This is how bitumen is mined at Yaregsky oil field in the Komi Republic.
Borehole methods are suitable for the development of deposits of liquid natural bitumen, for example, bituminous oil. The depth of occurrence of such deposits exceeds 100 meters. This method makes it possible to achieve an oil recovery factor of only 30%.
Various natural bitumens are not yet a marketable product, like oil or gas. To obtain a commercial product, additional technological processes must be carried out.
Petroleum bitumen can be obtained at the refinery from various kinds oils that have different chemical composition. At the refinery, oil is distilled with the separation of fractions:

• light products - gasoline, naphtha, kerosene
• lubricating oils
• other types of petroleum products.

Residual products at the end of the selection of fractions lighter in mass - tar, cracking - are then used as raw materials for the production of oil bitumens of certain parameters. Today, there are such methods for obtaining oil bitumen:

• atmospheric-vacuum distillation of oil to obtain residual bitumen, which have a low viscosity and are most often oxidized
• oxidation of oil residues to obtain oxidized bitumen. Such products have a higher viscosity
• mixing residues formed during the distillation of oil to obtain compounded bitumen. They are produced by mixing deasphalting bitumen (the end product of processing tar with liquid propane) with oil distillates.

Oil construction bitumen

Construction bitumen happens:

• for general construction works. There are three grades of oil bitumen in this category: BN-50/50; BN-70/30 and BN-90/10, where the numerator is the softening temperature coefficient, and the denominator is the average indicator of the penetration change limits
• for roofing works, grades BNK45/180; BNK-90/40 and 90/30, as well as BNK-45/190
• BNI - oil insulating - grades BNI-IV-3, BNI-IV and BNI-V. Such bitumens are used in the process of insulating underground pipelines to protect them from corrosion.

In addition to the listed brands, there is also liquid road bitumen. It has a low viscosity index and is used in road construction as part of asphalt concrete, if it needs to be laid at low air temperatures. Liquid bitumen is produced by mixing viscous BND bitumen with distillate thinner fractions that slowly evaporate after the paving is laid. However, due to the high fire hazard and the enormous harm to nature, it is used quite rarely.

bitumen properties

The main properties of bitumen include:

• viscosity
• plastic
• softening and brittleness temperature
• adhesion.

The most important characteristic of the structural and mechanical properties of bitumen is the viscosity, which depends on temperature and group composition. Viscosity characterizes the resistance of the inner layers of bitumen to movement relative to each other. Many bitumens exhibit inconsistent and decreasing viscosity with increasing shear stress or strain rate gradient. As the temperature rises, the viscosity decreases, and as it decreases, on the contrary, it instantly increases. In conditions of minus values, bitumen has increased brittleness. To measure the viscosity, a method such as penetration of a needle into the bitumen (penetration) and depth measurement is used. The depth of entry of the needle into the bitumen is determined on a device - a penetrometer. To do this, a load weighing 100 g acts on the needle for 5 s at a temperature of 25 ° C or 0 ° C. The penetration of solid or viscous bitumen is determined in units (degrees) equal to 0.1 mm of penetration of the needle into the bitumen. More viscous types of bitumen have a lower penetration rate.
Plasticity is also an important characteristic of bitumen. The plasticity index increases with an increase in the level of oils, the duration of the load, and an increase in temperature. For example, with an increase in the amount of resins and asphaltenes, plasticity at a constant temperature increases.
The softening temperature is determined on the device "ring and ball" ("K and W"). The softening temperature of bitumen, measured in degrees Celsius, is equal to the temperature of the water bath in the glass of the device, while bitumen, located in a brass ring with a diameter of 16.0 mm, changes under the influence of a metal ball weighing 3.5 g and smooth heating of the liquid at a speed of 5 ° C per minute touches the bottom shelf of the stand. The softening temperature of viscous and hard bitumens ranges from 20 to 95°C.
An interesting feature of bitumen is high adhesion, that is, sticking to the surface of various mineral and organic compounds.

Grades of oil bitumen

According to various indicators of the main properties, especially viscosity, plasticity and softening point, all petroleum bitumen is divided into grades:

• for road construction GOST provides for five grades from BND (road oil bitumen) -200/300 to BND-40/60. Numerical indicators reflect the limits of change in penetration coefficients at 25 ° C, acceptable for a particular brand, and four BN grades from 200/300 to BN-60/90
• for construction work, GOST provides for three grades, which are designated "BN" - oil bitumen: BN-50/50, BN-70/30 and BN-90/10. In this case, the numerator of the fraction reflects the softening temperature according to "K and W" (ring and ball), and the denominator is the average value of the change in penetration at 25 ° C
• for roofing work, GOST provides for the following grades: BNK (roofing oil bitumen) -45/180, BNK-90/40 and 90/30, as well as BNK-45/190. Here, the numerator of the fraction reflects the average value of the softening point indicators for "K and W", and the denominator - the average value of the penetration indicators by 25C.

Roofing oil bitumen

Viscous oil bitumen is indispensable in providing waterproofing of buildings. Low price and 100% moisture impermeability has long made bitumen very popular in the construction of residential, domestic, industrial and other buildings.
All types of roofing bitumen are characterized by a high self-ignition temperature, which is more than 300 degrees, and a flash point of at least 240 degrees. Roofing bitumens are used in the process of impregnation of roofing materials, as well as an independent material for roof waterproofing.
Among the roofing materials in the production of which bitumen was used, include:

• bituminous paper
• ruberoid
• rubemast
• glassine
• rubiteks and others.

For impregnation, bitumen of the following grades is used: BNK 45/90 and BNK 45/180. The covering material is BNK 90/30 or BNK 90/40 bitumen.
It should be noted that all bitumens are hydrophobic, they do not allow moisture to pass through and are not wetted by water. There are no pores in the structure of bitumen, so they are waterproof. Roofing bitumens are not afraid of aqueous solutions of aggressive substances, for example, salts, most alkalis or acids. However, organic solvents (benzene, acetone, turpentine, gasoline) have a negative effect on bitumen.
Roofing bitumens are frost-resistant, which is why they are so in demand in construction work. If special substances are added to bitumen, then a material is obtained that does not require heating for application to the surface. Such material is called bituminous mastic. You need to work with it in the same way as with coating waterproofing.

Price: from 16 rub/kg

Purpose

It is applied during construction, road-building and roofing works.

Delivery:

• Pickup
• Our logistics service
• transport company
  (for Russia and the CIS)

• Bank transfer
• To the map of our company
• Cash

The material is able to combine mineral grains of fillers into a monolith. It should be noted its excellent adhesion.

The viscosity of NBR 40/180 or 45/190 depends on the group composition and temperature. It indicates the resistance of the inner layers of bitumen when moving relative to each other.

Bitumen grades

Depending on the main characteristics, plasticity, viscosity, softening point, petroleum bitumen is divided into grades:

• for road construction. According to GOST, there are 5 grades of oil road bitumen - from 200/300 to 40/60, where the digital designation indicates the limits of penetration change allowed for this composition at + 25 ° C. This also includes four types of BN from 200/300 to 60/90;
• for construction work. According to GOST, there are three grades, they are designated BN and are 50/50, 70/30, 90/10. The upper value of the fraction indicates the softening point, and the denominator indicates the penetration rate at + 25°C;
• for roofing. In accordance with GOST, there are such grades of bitumen: BNK 40/180 or 45/190, as well as 90/30. The numerator indicates the average melting point and the denominator indicates the penetration value at + 25°C.

In addition to viscoplastic and solid bituminous compounds, there are liquid ones. They have low viscosity at room temperature and are used cold or slightly warm.

Supplies of petroleum bitumen (BNK 40/180) and other viscoplastic, solid and liquid products of oil refining are carried out to all regions of Russia.

Price: from 16 rub/kg

Purpose

It is applied during construction, road-building and roofing works.

Delivery:

• Pickup
• Our logistics service
• transport company
  (for Russia and the CIS)

• Bank transfer
• To the map of our company
• Cash

The material is able to combine mineral grains of fillers into a monolith. It should be noted its excellent adhesion.

The viscosity of NBR 40/180 or 45/190 depends on the group composition and temperature. It indicates the resistance of the inner layers of bitumen when moving relative to each other.

Bitumen grades

Depending on the main characteristics, plasticity, viscosity, softening point, petroleum bitumen is divided into grades:

• for road construction. According to GOST, there are 5 grades of oil road bitumen - from 200/300 to 40/60, where the digital designation indicates the limits of penetration change allowed for this composition at + 25 ° C. This also includes four types of BN from 200/300 to 60/90;
• for construction work. According to GOST, there are three grades, they are designated BN and are 50/50, 70/30, 90/10. The upper value of the fraction indicates the softening point, and the denominator indicates the penetration rate at + 25°C;
• for roofing. In accordance with GOST, there are such grades of bitumen: BNK 40/180 or 45/190, as well as 90/30. The numerator indicates the average melting point and the denominator indicates the penetration value at + 25°C.

In addition to viscoplastic and solid bituminous compounds, there are liquid ones. They have low viscosity at room temperature and are used cold or slightly warm.

Supplies of petroleum bitumen (BNK 40/180) and other viscoplastic, solid and liquid products of oil refining are carried out to all regions of Russia.

Bitumen (Latin bitumen - mountain resin)- a substance that is a solidified or viscous mixture of hydrocarbons and their derivatives, a kind of mix. This product is insoluble in water, complete or partial dissolution is possible with solvents such as benzene, chloroform, ethyl alcohol, acetone, turpentine and others, the density of which is from 0.95 to 1.5 g / cu. cm.

The properties of bitumen are influenced by:

• bitumen production method
• raw material quality
• production parameters

The production of high-grade bitumen is influenced by the component composition of the oil, the sequence of the general technological scheme production.

Stamps

There are differences in the areas of application of roofing bitumen:

• BNK-40/180– roofing bitumen used for impregnation;
• BNK-45/190- roofing bitumen, used for impregnation and formation of the cover layer;
• BNK-90/30- roofing bitumen, used only for the cover layer.

The production of high-grade construction bitumen is influenced by the components that make up the oil and the sequence of the production process.

Technical requirements

To comply with the regulations in the production of bitumen, it is necessary to comply with standard technical requirements:

Rationing for the BNK-40/180 brand:

Rationing for the BNK-45/190 brand:

• softening temperature - 40 - 50 ° С.
• needle penetration depth at 25°C - 160 -220 mm.
• discrepancy after heating the mass - 0.80%.
• flash point - 240°C.
• mass fraction of water - traces.
• mass fraction of paraffin - 5.0%

Rationing for the BNK-90/30 brand:

• softening temperature - 70 - 95 ° С.
• needle penetration depth at 25°C - 25 - 35 mm.
• brittleness temperature – -10°С.
• solubility with organic solvents - 99.5%.
• discrepancy after heating the mass - 0.50%.
• flash point - 240°C.

Test Methods

The generally accepted test methods for oil roofing bitumen include the following physical and chemical indicators:

• penetration;
• softening;
• fragility;
• discrepancy after heating the mass;
• penetration from the original;
• flash point;
• paraffin content.

Sampling from each batch of bitumen in the amount of 0.5 kilograms is carried out according to.

Acceptance rules

After the whole party roofing oil bitumen will be prepared for shipment, a quality certificate is issued for it. Only one quality certificate is issued for each batch. A batch can be recognized as a different amount of bitumen, homogeneous in terms of quality.

Getting unsatisfactory results testing on one or more indicators leads to repeated tests, but the sample volume must be doubled. The conclusion of repeated test results is valid for the entire batch.

The manufacturer is checking for the presence of water (mass fraction) at least once every six months. Once every three months, the solubility and the proportion of paraffin (mass) are determined.

Packaging, labelling, transport and storage

For delivery with subsequent storage in warehouses or bitumen facilities under construction, there is a packaging container that serves as protection against dust and dirt, ensures the compactness of the cargo on vehicles.

Basic packaging methods apply such as clovertainers, euro barrels (metal), big bags and craft bags. Bitumen carriers are used to transport bitumen in a state ready for use.

• clovertainer has the shape of a cube. The pallet and cover are made of plywood, the walls are made of corrugated cardboard. Unpacking takes a couple of minutes with a grinder.
• metal euro barrel easy to use because the lid has a metal clamp. There is no need to unpack, just open the barrel, heat the bitumen, pour the right amount and close it again. Safety of quality is provided at the expense of a cover with a collar.
• big run- the packaging is a universal polypropylene bag that can take the form of the container, which is designed for unloading by loading mechanisms.
• kraft bags- the most impractical container, both during transportation and when opening the package.
• bitumen carrier– tank truck with double walls and wall heating. Due to heating, bitumen does not need long-term heating at facilities under construction.

To determine whether, what type of material, its characteristics, characteristic features of storage and transportation, volume or mass, batch number and certification (if any) there is a marking, information that is applied to each commodity unit.

For oil roofing bitumen - this is BNC, numbers 40/180; 45/190; 90/30 in the numerator is the temperature at which the bitumen becomes soft, and in the denominator is the expected temperature of the solid state.

Ensuring the safety of bitumen oil in containers is produced using racks or pallets. When stored in stacks in closed warehouses, under sheds or on planned industrial sites with concrete or asphalt pavements, which ensures their protection from exposure to sunlight and precipitation.

In cases of bitumen transportation in the solid state, transportation is carried out on specially equipped collapsible forms. Transportation of products from hydrocarbons requires the provision of all necessary requirements fire safety due to spontaneous combustion. Compliance with elementary safety rules excludes the possibility of emergency and emergencies.

Manufacturer's Warranty

The plant for manufactured oil roofing bitumen in the product passport indicates, in accordance with GOST, the material produced, the shelf life and use of no more than one year from the date of production. You can buy construction bitumen for a price of 50 rubles per 1 kg.

Safety requirements

Oil roofing bitumen for roofing mastic belong to the fourth class of danger. This class represents low-hazard combustible substances. For them, the flash point is not lower than 240 degrees Celsius. Self-ignition is possible at a temperature of 300 degrees Celsius.