Archive of people by last name in Leningrad. Blockade in numbers. Terrible statistics from the besieged Leningrad. Information about the printed edition of the book

The blockade of Leningrad became the most difficult test for the inhabitants of the city in the history of the Northern capital. In the besieged city, according to various estimates, up to half of the population of Leningrad perished. The survivors did not even have the strength to mourn the dead: some were extremely exhausted, others were seriously injured. Despite hunger, cold and constant bombing, people found the courage to stand and defeat the Nazis. To judge what the inhabitants of the besieged city had to endure in those terrible years, one can use statistical data - the language of numbers besieged Leningrad.

872 days and nights

The blockade of Leningrad lasted exactly 872 days. The Germans encircled the city on September 8, 1941, and on January 27, 1944, the inhabitants of the northern capital rejoiced at the complete liberation of the city from the fascist blockade. Within six months after the blockade was lifted, the enemies still remained near Leningrad: their troops were in Petrozavodsk and Vyborg. The soldiers of the Red Army drove the Nazis away from the approaches to the city during an offensive operation in the summer of 1944.

150 thousand shells

During the long months of the blockade, the Nazis dropped 150,000 heavy artillery shells and over 107,000 incendiary and high-explosive bombs on Leningrad. They destroyed 3,000 buildings and damaged more than 7,000. All the main monuments of the city survived: Leningraders hid them, covering them with sandbags and plywood shields. Some sculptures - for example, from the Summer Garden and horses from the Anichkov Bridge - were removed from their pedestals and buried in the ground until the end of the war.

There were bombings in Leningrad every day. Photo: AiF / Yana Khvatova

13 hours 14 minutes of shelling

Shelling in besieged Leningrad was daily: sometimes the Nazis attacked the city several times a day. People hid from the bombings in the basements of houses. On August 17, 1943, Leningrad was subjected to the longest shelling in the entire blockade. It lasted 13 hours and 14 minutes, during which the Germans dropped 2,000 shells on the city. Residents of besieged Leningrad admitted that the noise of enemy aircraft and exploding shells sounded in their heads for a long time.

Up to 1.5 million dead

By September 1941, the population of Leningrad and its suburbs was about 2.9 million people. The blockade of Leningrad, according to various estimates, claimed the lives of from 600 thousand to 1.5 million inhabitants of the city. Only 3% of people died from fascist bombings, the remaining 97% - from hunger: about 4 thousand people died from exhaustion every day. When food supplies ran out, people began to eat cake, wallpaper paste, leather belts and boots. Dead bodies lay on the streets of the city: this was considered a common situation. Often, when someone in the family died, people had to bury their relatives on their own.

1 million 615 thousand tons of cargo

On September 12, 1941, the Road of Life was opened - the only highway connecting the besieged city with the country. The road of life, laid on the ice of Lake Ladoga, saved Leningrad: about 1 million 615 thousand tons of goods - food, fuel and clothing were delivered to the city along it. During the blockade along the highway through Ladoga, more than a million people were evacuated from Leningrad.

125 grams of bread

Until the end of the first month of the blockade, the inhabitants of the besieged city received a fairly good bread ration. When it became obvious that the flour stocks would not be enough for a long time, the norm was sharply reduced. So, in November and December 1941, city employees, dependents and children received only 125 grams of bread per day. The workers were given 250 grams of bread each, and the composition of the paramilitary guards, fire brigades and fighter squads - 300 grams each. Contemporaries would not be able to eat blockade bread, because it was prepared from practically inedible impurities. Bread was baked from rye and oat flour with the addition of cellulose, wallpaper dust, pine needles, cake and unfiltered malt. The loaf turned out very bitter in taste and completely black.

1500 loudspeakers

After the beginning of the blockade, until the end of 1941, 1,500 loudspeakers were installed on the walls of Leningrad houses. Radio broadcasting in Leningrad was carried out around the clock, and the inhabitants of the city were forbidden to turn off their receivers: on the radio, announcers talked about the situation in the city. When the broadcast stopped, the sound of a metronome was broadcast on the radio. In the event of an alarm, the rhythm of the metronome accelerated, and after the completion of the shelling, it slowed down. Leningraders called the sound of the metronome on the radio the living heartbeat of the city.

98 thousand newborns

During the blockade, 95,000 children were born in Leningrad. Most of them, about 68 thousand newborns, were born in the autumn and winter of 1941. In 1942, 12.5 thousand children were born, and in 1943 - only 7.5 thousand. In order for the babies to survive, a farm of three thoroughbred cows was organized at the Pediatric Institute of the city so that the children could receive fresh milk: in most cases, young mothers did not have milk.

The children of besieged Leningrad suffered from dystrophy. Photo: Archival photo

-32° frost

The first blockade winter was the coldest in the besieged city. On some days the thermometer dropped to -32°C. The situation was aggravated by heavy snowfalls: by April 1942, when the snow should have melted, the height of the snowdrifts reached 53 centimeters. Leningraders lived without heating and electricity in their houses. To keep warm, the inhabitants of the city flooded stoves-potbelly stoves. Due to the lack of firewood, they burned everything inedible that was in the apartments: furniture, old things and books.

144 thousand liters of blood

Despite hunger and the most severe living conditions, Leningraders were ready to give their last for the front in order to hasten the victory of the Soviet troops. Every day, from 300 to 700 residents of the city donated blood for the wounded in hospitals, transferring the received material compensation to the defense fund. Subsequently, the Leningrad Donor aircraft will be built with this money. In total, during the blockade, Leningraders donated 144,000 liters of blood for front-line soldiers.

The following databases are maintained in the archives of the Pikarevsky Memorial:

• Book of memory “Blockade. 1941-1944. Leningrad", where you can find information about the inhabitants of the city and the refugees hiding from the enemy in the besieged city, who died during the blockade;
• Book of Memory. Leningrad", where you can find information about the inhabitants of the city, who lived through the horrors of hunger, cold, constant enemy bombing and shelling of the besieged city;
• Book of memory "Leningrad. 1941-1945", which contains information about residents drafted into the Armed Forces from Leningrad and who died during the Great Patriotic War.

There are also links and information about all currently existing databases of the project of the All-Russian Information and Search Center "Fatherland", including the Memorial list of Leningraders evacuated from the besieged city, who died and were buried on Vologda land, given at the bottom of this page. In addition, there is a link to the list of evacuated Leningraders from the project of the Archives of St. Petersburg Book of Memory "Siege of Leningrad. Evacuation".

Book of memory “Blockade. 1941-1944. Leningrad"

The list of residents of Leningrad presented here, who died during the blockade of the city by the Nazi troops during the Great Patriotic War, is an analogue of the printed copy of the Book of Memory “Blockade. 1941-1944. Leningrad”, it did not include changes and additions to the lists made at the request of relatives who submitted documents that became the basis for changes and additions.
The placement of this list in the Consolidated Database is the result of cooperation between the All-Russian Information and Search Center "Fatherland" and Prince Vladimir Cathedral in St. Petersburg, where the All-Russian Commemoration Book was created in 2008.

35 volumes of the blockade memory book were published in 1998-2006.

Book of Memory “Blockade. 1941 - 1944. Leningrad ”is a tribute to the grateful memory of descendants about the great feat of Leningraders.

This book is a kind of chronicle of the history of the unconquered people, reflecting the participation of the townspeople in the defense of Leningrad and the massive sacrifices that the front city suffered in the battle for life. The book is about the suffering of millions of inhabitants of the besieged city and those who, under the onslaught of the enemy, retreating, found refuge here.

This is not just a mournful list. This is a requiem for those who lay down forever in the ground, protecting their native city.

The Book of Memory is a stern, courageous book, like a memorial plaque, forever imprinted so far only 631,053 names of our fellow countrymen who died of starvation and disease, froze on the streets and in their apartments, died during shelling and bombing, missing in the besieged city itself. This martyrology is constantly being supplemented. During the years of publication of the Book of Memory “Blockade. 1941-1944. Leningrad” received 2,670 applications for the names of those who died in the blockade, and in preparation for the publication of the 35th volume, another 1,337 names were immortalized.

The electronic version of this Book of Memory is also presented on the website project "Returned Names" Russian National Library and in the Generalized Computer Data Bank of the Ministry of Defense Russian Federation OBD "Memorial".

Information about printed edition books:

"Requiem in memory of the evacuated Leningraders buried in the Vologda region during the Great Patriotic War." Part I. A-K. Vologda, 1990; Part II. L-Z. Vologda, 1991.

Vologda State Pedagogical Institute
Northern Branch of the Archeographic Commission of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR
Vologda Regional Committee for the Protection of Peace and the regional branch of the Soviet Peace Fund
Vologda regional branch of VOOPIK
Vologda Regional Council of War and Labor Veterans
State Museum of the History of Leningrad

The book was published with voluntary contributions from citizens of the Vologda Oblast to the Soviet Peace Fund.

Part one of the book "Requiem" - a list of Leningraders (in alphabetical order A-K) who died during the evacuation period in train cars, in hospitals for the evacuees, in infirmaries and hospitals, in places of settlement on the territory of the Vologda Oblast. The compilers used materials that have been preserved in the regional and city archives of the registry offices and GAVO. A lot of information has been lost. Therefore, in the course of further search work, this mournful list will probably be replenished. And now it is, as it were, a nominal addition to the memorial to the memory of Leningraders built in Vologda. Parts two and three are being prepared.

Compiled by: L.K. Sudakova (responsible compiler), N.I. Golikova, P.A. Kolesnikov, V.V. Sudakov, A.A. Rybakov.

Public Editorial Board: V.V. Sudakov (responsible editor), G.A. Akinkhov, Yu.V. Babicheva, N.I. Balandin, L.A. Vasilyeva, A.F. Gorovenko, T.V. Zamaraeva, D.I. Klibson, P.A. Kolesnikov, O.A. Naumova, G.V. Shirikov.

A WORD ABOUT THE BOOK

In the end, Mankind will understand that it is a single organism, but each person is the universe, and will learn to protect each unique individuality that makes up its unity.
Every people living on Earth is looking for its destiny in Humanity, and every person - in his people. And the richer the memory of each person, the richer the life of each people and, therefore, Humanity.
When saying goodbye to a person, the people who see him off for the last time promise him Eternal Memory. One cannot live without Memory. Lack of memory leads to forgetting past mistakes. Forgetting is catastrophic.
We painfully think about this on the slope of our days, passing the torch of the experience of our lives to our children. In the memory of our generation was the Great Catastrophe of Mankind - the second World War. She claimed millions of lives. And we, the living, do not want to be Ivans who do not remember their relationship. We want to warn the future against our bloody tragic mistakes that threaten the death of all Humanity.
Forgetting the past is shameful.
The last war was merciless, and the peoples of our Motherland suffered huge losses in this war, the best sons and daughters died, selflessly in love with life and believing in its justice. Almost half a century has passed since the day of our Victory, but we still have not calculated how many people we lost in this battle for life.
Everyone who died in this war is worthy of Eternal Memory.
We, the living, have forgotten about this debt of the living to the dead.
To get rid of this debt with the tomb of the Unknown Soldier is shameful, because there are no and cannot be unknown soldiers, they can be unknown only through neglect of memory in the souls of the living, protected by the mortal feat of the dead.
The memory of the dead is sacred.
And I believe that a Temple of Memory will be built on our Earth, in which the names of all those who died in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945 tragic years.
This is the sacred necessity of life.
Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin himself bequeathed to us "love for our father's coffins." Without this love there is not and cannot be the movement of life itself towards Perfection.
And I understand the essential nobility of those people who, by their good will of understanding their human duty to the feat of their selfless compatriots, collect their names worthy of Eternal Memory on the tablets of immortal Memory,
And the books of this Requiem are dictated by a holy sense of kinship between generations and the connection of times.
During the war, Vologda was a link in the unthinkable efforts of the front and rear. Aid went through it to Leningrad, bloodless and tortured by the fascist blockade, half-suffocated by hunger and cold, bombs and shelling, and here, to Vologda, to the Great, as they said then, the Earth from the besieged city along the Road of Life they took out children and women, wounded and sick defenders Leningrad. And the inhabitants of Vologda and the Vologda region saved these half-dead people with their selfless love, the warmth of their souls, the caress of kind hands and the deadly hope of bread.
Many have been saved.
Many have died.
And these dead remained in the last shelter of the Vologda land.
Half a century later, a monument was erected over their mass grave, and the names of the dead are collected in the books of this Requiem.
This noble example of the inhabitants of the Vologda region is worthy of every kind of imitation for the inhabitants of all cities and towns where there are unmarked graves of heroes and sufferers of the Patriotic War.
This noble example, perhaps, will make my fellow citizens of Leningrad worry about their heroes and martyrs from the time of the fascist blockade, turn nameless grave mounds into named pantheons worthy of worship and prayers.
And I would like to bow to the inhabitants of Vologda for their human feat of Memory, Love and Faith.

Without memory there is no life.
There is no time connection.
There is no future.
Alive! Be worthy of the dead.
The dead did not spare their lives for your life.
Remember this.
This must not be forgotten.
22.11.89
Leningrad
Mikhail Dudin

FOREWORD

Not far from Vologda, along the Poshekhonskoe highway, there is a monument. On a granite pedestal - a woman-mother with a dying child in her arms. The woman is surrounded by strict pylons, it seems that they protect her eternal rest...
This is a memorial to the evacuated Leningraders who died in Vologda during the Great Patriotic War. The delegation of the hero-city of Leningrad handed over to the Vologda residents a piece of land from a sacred place - the Piskarevsky cemetery. This land is here now, by the graves...

The Vologda Oblast was formed in 1937. It included 23 districts of the former Northern Territory and 18 districts with the city of Cherepovets Leningrad region. By the beginning of the war there were 43 districts. Population - 1 million 581 thousand people, including urban - 248 thousand. By the beginning of the war, the leading sectors of the national economy were the logging and timber processing industries, Agriculture with animal husbandry.
Vologda became the regional center in 1937. What was she like during the war? Probably, the life of this city with ninety-five thousand inhabitants did not differ significantly from many similar cities scattered across boundless Russia. Everything was determined by the war with its harsh life and hardships, intense, often at the limit - work, with the loss of relatives and friends, with constant expectation: how is it on the fronts? And with the hope of joyful changes that only victory could bring...
... The now popular word "mercy?" - not today's opening. Its essence is rooted in our history. It was socialist mutual assistance, the mercy of people, the feeling of brotherhood that saved the lives of many Leningraders who escaped from the hell of the blockade.
Many, but not all ... Thousands of evacuees died under the bombing, from the effects of blockade hunger and disease. For many, their health and strength were so undermined by suffering and deprivation, the horrors of war, that no one could save them ... Sad lists of them are in this book.

About a hundred people took part in the work on the Requiem. The idea for this book came to the members of the Poisk student group in 1987. At the same time, a section was singled out in its composition, which began preparatory work (section chairman, student S. Lavrova, scientific supervisor, senior lecturer L.K. Sudakova). At the first scientific and practical conference of the Faculty of History, dedicated to the problems of patriotic and international education of schoolchildren and youth (April 1988), the idea and plan for creating the book were approved by representatives of the regional committee of the Komsomol, the council of war and labor veterans, the society for the protection of historical and cultural monuments, and employees of the regional military registration and enlistment office and healthcare.
August 27, 1988 in Vologda at the Poshekhonsky cemetery was opened a memorial to Leningraders who died and were buried in the city during the years of evacuation. It was built by a joint decision of the Leningrad and Vologda city executive committees. The discovery of the monument became an incentive to intensify search activities. At the second conference in April 1989, the first results of the search were already summed up. The regional coordinating council of search work and activities to perpetuate the memory of the defenders of the Motherland was elected, recommendations were adopted on the whole problem, including the preparation of the book "Requiem".
Already at the initial stage of preparing the book, many questions arose that needed to be answered, the development of a research methodology: identifying archives that have Required documents; studying the amount of information in them about each person and determining on this basis the form of the book "Requiem"; development of a single form of an individual card for recording information on each deceased; definition of a methodology for checking records about the same person in various archives; preparation of a list of the buried in preliminary and final versions for printing; drawing up a certificate on the administrative division of the region during the war years and in our time, and others.
There were a lot of archives. In the State Archives of the Vologda Oblast, lists were initially found for five special hospitals (GAVO, cf. 1876, op. 3, d. 1-11), and then materials for one more (cf. 3105, op. 2, d. 3 -A). Lists of varying degrees of safety, but allowing you to make an individual card for each. In the Cherepovets branch of the SAVO, materials were found on the same hospital in this city. Records in all hospitals are not unified. So, in Cherepovets they are: “Solovyeva Anna Vasilievna, born in 1913, two children from 5 to 7.” In Vologda, the entry form more fully reflects the information:
Item No.
- Case history number (not everywhere)
- FULL NAME.
- Year of birth or age
- Receipt date
- date of departure
- Where did you go (died, transferred to another hospital, discharged, sent to an orphanage, etc.)

Two lists of hospitals provide information about the home address, the diagnosis of the disease, the place of residence of the evacuees, to whom the death was reported. In total, there are more than 8 thousand people on the hospital lists, the death of 1807 evacuees is indicated. There is a general note that from January 1 to April 1, 1942 in Vologda they were buried at the Gorbachev cemetery, and from April 1, 1942 at the new, Poshekhonsky, 2 people per grave. According to eyewitnesses, there were also nameless burials.
As a rule, death in train cars, in hospitals, in apartments, in orphanages was registered by registry offices. The compilers looked through all the books of death records in Vologda and Cherepovets (stored in the city archives of the registry office), as well as all the books of the district bureaus stored in the regional archives of the registry office. The entry forms in these books usually have a serial number for each year, then the last name, first name and patronymic, date of death, age or year of birth, place of permanent residence, cause of death are indicated (most often the diagnosis is dystrophy). In the cities, the forms were filed into books according to the dates of death and alphabetically, in the regions - according to the dates of death.
In total, more than 17 thousand people were identified dead and buried in the region. To do this, it was necessary to look through at least 100 thousand forms of death records. There were cases when one and the same person had records in hospitals, in registry offices, in regional departmental archives. In such cases, several cards were filled out for one person, then the information was compiled and clarified. To identify the names of the buried, in addition to searching for surviving materials in archives and museums, the memories of doctors, nurses, and attendants of hospitals and hospitals in which the evacuees were treated were collected and are being collected.
More complete data were obtained for 10 thousand people. These are evacuees from Leningrad, the Leningrad region, and partly from Karelia and other places. There are few full addresses of Leningraders, moreover, during this time the names of districts and streets have changed. The book contains addresses from the time of the war. The names of the districts and streets of Leningrad were often distorted. The employees of the Museum of the History of Leningrad provided assistance in clarifying the addresses.
There are records that need clarification. For more than 5 thousand people, there is only family information, without a name and patronymic. For example, such an entry in Babaev: "Slavik ... Russian ... died on February 24, 1942, age 4 ... Leningrad." On a letterhead in Vologda: "Zhenya... 5 years old... entered the hospital on April 5, 1942, died on April 20, 1942." In Sheksna it is written: "Unknown ... 13 years old ..., died on January 19, 1942. Taken off train 420. Boy, white face, dressed in an old cotton coat, boots." Another entry in Sheksna: “Last name unknown, 28 years old, January 1, 1942, removed from train 430, died. Medium height, in military uniform, overcoat, wadded trousers, cap, gray felt boots.
This book includes a list in alphabetical order from A to K. There are 4989 people in total. Of these, by age: up to 7 years old - 966 people, 8-16 years old - 602 people, 17-30 years old - 886 people, 31-50 years old - 1146 people, over 50 years old - 1287 people. By gender: men - 2348 people, women - 2637 people. In the second part of the "Requiem" there will be lists of the buried in alphabetical order from L to Z. Finally, in the third part of the book "Requiem" there will be a list with the least amount of information. The compilers believe that even such a mournful list will help relatives and friends learn about the fate of those who are considered missing.
The following persons took part in the search work and its preparation: L.N. Avdonina, G.A. Akinkhov, N.I. Balandin, L.M. Vorobiev, A.G. Goreglyad, S.G. Karpov, I.N. Kornilov, P.A. Krasilnikov, T.A. Lastochkina, N.A. Pahareva, S.V. Sudakova, T.P. Cherepanov; members of the student group "Search" of the Vologda State Pedagogical Institute: N. Balandina, S. Berezin, M. Gorchakova, O. Zelenina, E. Kozlova, N. Krasnova, I. Kuznetsova, S. Lavrova, N. Limina, E. Manicheva , A. Orlova, N. Popova, S. Trifanov, L. Tchantsev, E. Khudyakova, student of the 8th school of the city of Vologda O. Sudakova, Leningrad school E. Grigorieva, a group of students of the Cherepovets State Pedagogical Institute under the guidance of teachers A.K . Vorobiev, V.A. Chernakova and a group of students of the Vologda Construction College under the guidance of teacher V.B. Konasova.
The general coordination of work on the book was carried out by Professor P.A. Kolesnikov and the Chairman of the Regional Peace Committee V.V. Sudakov.
The compilers and the editors express their deep gratitude to the employees of the archival department of the Vologda Regional Executive Committee, the State Archives of the Vologda Region and its branch in the city of Cherepovets, the Vologda Regional and Vologda and Cherepovets City Archives of the Registry Office O.A. Naumova, N.S. Yunosheva, A.N. Basic, A.I. Kulakova, as well as the public commission "Doctors for the Survival of Mankind" under the Regional Committee for the Protection of Peace for their assistance in identifying archival materials by G.A. Akinkhov, P.A. Kolesnikov.

I know: consolation and joy
these lines are not destined to be.
Fallen with honor - do not need anything,
comforting those who have lost is a sin.
In my own, the same, sorrow - I know
that, indomitable, her
strong hearts will not exchange
into oblivion and oblivion.
May she, purest, holy,
keeps the soul of the unstained.
May, nourishing love and courage,
will forever be related to the people.
Unforgettable soldered by blood,
only it - national kinship -
promises in the future to anyone
renewal and celebration

April 1944
Olga Berggolts

ACCEPTED ABBREVIATIONS

VGA REGISTRY OFFICE - Vologda city archive REGISTRY OFFICE
VOA REGISTRY OFFICE - Vologda Regional Archive of the REGISTRY OFFICE
VEG - Vologda hospital for evacuees
GAVO - State Archive of the Vologda Region
CH REGISTRY OFFICE - Cherepovets city archive REGISTRY OFFICE
EG - evacuation hospital
Black Sea Fleet GAVO - Cherepovets Branch of the State Archive of the Vologda Region

→ Lists of the buried → Lists of those killed in the Blockade

Lists of those killed in the Blockade

In the Blockade 1941-1944 at Mitrofanievsky (Orthodox and Lutheran) and Gromovsky Old Believer cemeteries, residents of nearby areas were buried. The published lists are compiled on the basis of the Blockade Book of Memory of Leningrad and the Information and Reference System "Book of Memory of St. Petersburg". In addition to the Blockade books, there are numerous eyewitness accounts. At present, we have managed to establish the names of 92 people buried at the Mitrofanevsky necropolis, and 47 blockade survivors buried at the Gromovskiy Old Believer cemetery.

In besieged Leningrad, there are known cases of burials of residents who died from starvation and shelling in other destroyed cemeteries, in addition to Mitrofanevsky and Gromovsky, as well as in squares, gardens, parks and wastelands. In many cases there is genuine documentary evidence, in others - eyewitness accounts. Unfortunately, today many such unknown mass graves are located under residential buildings, playgrounds, streets and avenues.

Hello dear readers.

Today I want to compare the incomparable: the inhabitants of besieged Leningrad and the couch podsidush water, who, before our eyes, dared to raise his paw to the high - the feat of the Leningraders - to which he would never rise after such a gesture. Compare and you yourself will see all the meanness and baseness of it.

The number of civilians killed in the blockade

The list of residents of Leningrad presented here, who died during the blockade of the city by the Nazi troops during the Great Patriotic War, is an analogue of the Book of Memory “Leningrad. Blockade. 1941-1944".

The placement of this list in the Consolidated Database is the result of cooperation between the All-Russian Information and Search Center "Fatherland" and the Prince Vladimir Cathedral in St. Petersburg, where the All-Russian Commemoration Book was created in 2008.

The list contains 629,081 entries. Of these, 586334 people know the place of residence, 318312 people - the place of burial.

The electronic version of the book is also available on the website of the project "Returned Names" of the Russian National Library and in the Generalized Computer Data Bank of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation OBD "Memorial".

About the printed book:

Book of memory "Leningrad. Blockade. 1941-1944". In 35 volumes. 1996-2008 Circulation 250 copies.

Government of St. Petersburg.

Chairman of the Editorial Board Shcherbakov V.N.

Head of the working group on the creation of the Book of Memory Shapovalov V.L.

An electronic databank for the Book of Memory was provided by the archive of the State Institution "Piskarevsky Memorial Cemetery".

FROM THE EDITORIAL BOARD

Book of memory "Leningrad. Blockade. 1941-1944" - a printed version of the electronic data bank about the inhabitants of Leningrad who died during the blockade of the city Nazi troops during the Great Patriotic War.

Preparations for the release of the Book of Memory “Leningrad. Blockade. 1941-1944”, the formation of a data bank on civilians who died during the blockade was carried out simultaneously with the creation of the Book of Memory of the fallen Leningrad servicemen - on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the victory of our people in the Great Patriotic War. The boundless courage, steadfastness and the highest sense of duty of the inhabitants of besieged Leningrad are rightfully equated with the military feat of the defenders of the city.

The losses of Leningrad during the years of the blockade are huge, they amounted to over 600 thousand people. The volume of the printed martyrology is 35 volumes.

Documentary basis eBook memory, as well as its printed version, are information provided by numerous archives. Among them are the Central State Archives of St. Petersburg, the State City and Regional Archives and the archives of the regional departments of the registry office of St. Petersburg, the archives of city cemeteries, as well as the archives of various institutions, organizations, enterprises, educational institutions and etc.

Work on the collection and systematization of documentary data was carried out by working groups created under the administrations of 24 districts of St. Petersburg (the territorial division of the city at the beginning of work on collecting information in 1992). Members search parties worked in close cooperation with the initiators of the creation of the Book of Memory - members of the city society "Inhabitants of besieged Leningrad" and its regional branches. These groups conducted surveys of citizens at their place of residence, organized meetings and conversations with residents of besieged Leningrad, with front-line soldiers in order to collect missing information or clarify existing data. Surviving house registration books were carefully studied everywhere.

A great contribution to the preparation of the materials of the Memory Book “Leningrad. Blockade. 1941-1944" contributed researchers the Museum at the Piskarevsky Memorial Cemetery and the Museum "Monument to the Heroic Defenders of Leningrad" (a branch of the Museum of the History of St. Petersburg).

A lot of letters and applications with information about the dead in besieged Leningrad have been received and continue to be received by the editorial board from all republics, territories, regions of the Russian Federation, from countries near and far abroad through the International Association of Siege of the Hero City of Leningrad.

Territorial borders of the Memory Book “Leningrad. Blockade. 1941-1944" - a large blockade ring: the cities of Leningrad, Kronstadt, part of the Slutsk, Vsevolozhsk and Pargolovsky districts of the Leningrad region - and a small blockade ring: the Oranienbaum bridgehead.

Included in the Book of Remembrance information about the civilians who died during the blockade of these territories. Among them, along with the indigenous population of these places, are numerous refugees from Karelia, the Baltic states and remote areas of the Leningrad region, occupied by the enemy.

Timeline of the Book of Memory: September 8, 1941 - January 27, 1944. The first date is the tragic day of the beginning of the blockade. On this day, enemy troops cut off the land communications of the city with the country. The second date is the day of complete liberation from the blockade. Information about civilians, whose lives were cut short during the period indicated by these dates, is also included in the Book of Memory.

Memorial records of the dead are arranged in alphabetical order of their surnames. These records, identical in form, contain the following information: last name, first name, patronymic of the deceased, year of his birth, place of residence (at the time of death), date of death and place of burial.

Not all entries have the full composition of this data. There are also those where only separate, sometimes scattered and fragmentary information has been preserved about the dead. In the conditions of the city-front during the months of mass deaths of residents, it was not possible to organize the registration of all those who died in in due course, with the fixation of data about them in proper completeness. In the most difficult months of the blockade, in the winter of 1941-1942, there were almost no individual burials. During this period, mass burials were made in cemeteries, trench burials near medical institutions, hospitals, enterprises, and in wastelands. By decision of the city authorities in the city Cremation was organized in the ovens of the Izhora Plant and Brick Plant No. 1. For these reasons, about half of the memorial records contain an indication that the place of burial is unknown. More than half a century after the end of the war, it was impossible to restore these data.

Variant information about the deceased is given in slash brackets. Information, the reliability of which is doubtful, is indicated by a question mark in parentheses. Scattered and fragmentary information about the place of residence are enclosed in angle brackets.

Titles settlements located outside the city, their administrative affiliation, the names of the streets in them, as well as the names of the streets of Leningrad, are indicated as of 1941-1944.

Everyone who happens to turn to the Book of Memory “Leningrad. Blockade. 1941-1944”, please note the following. Mistakes are possible in non-Russian names. Errors of this kind are marked either with a question mark in parentheses or with correct forms in slash brackets. Only obvious spelling errors have been fixed.

In the Book of Memory there are entries that can be attributed to the same person. These records differ most often only in information about the place of residence of the deceased. This has its own explanation: at one address a person was registered and lived permanently, at another address he ended up due to the tragic circumstances of the siege. None of these paired records can be excluded due to insufficient documentary justification.

In the Book of Memory, generally accepted and commonly understood abbreviations are used.

Anyone who has any information about the dead in the blockade ring, please contact the editorial board at the following address: 195273, St. Petersburg, Nepokorennyh Ave., 72, government agency Piskarevsky Memorial Cemetery. Book of memory "Leningrad. Blockade. 1941-1944".

January 27, 2011- 67th anniversary of the lifting of the Siege of Leningrad. Congratulations to all Leningraders, participants in those events, their relatives and descendants on this significant date!

During the blockade civilian casualties amounted to 630,367 people, the names of 311 603s are known today. The history of mankind did not know such a huge scale of extermination of the civilian population.

All existing and historical cemeteries of Leningrad served as sites for mass graves of the dead residents of the city.. A personal list of residents of besieged Leningrad who died of starvation and disease, froze to death in the streets and in their apartments, died during shelling and bombing, and were buried in cemeteries of St. Petersburg and its suburbs is published on our forum:

Piskarevsky cemetery - 152,392 people

Serafimovskoye cemetery - 62,598 people

Smolensk cemetery - 31,984 people

Volkovskoye cemetery - 17,523 people

Theological cemetery - 11,920 people

Cemetery Krasnaya Sloboda - 3746 people

Tarkhovsky cemetery - 2327 people

Mountain cemetery - 1830 people

Lakhtinsky cemetery - 1504 people

Jewish (Preobrazhenskoye) cemetery - 1055 people

Red Cemetery - 416 people

Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery - 344 people

to be continued

Book of Memory “Blockade. 1941 - 1944. Leningrad ”is a tribute to the grateful memory of descendants about the great feat of Leningraders.

This book is a kind of chronicle of the history of the unconquered people, reflecting the participation of the townspeople in the defense of Leningrad and the massive sacrifices that the front city suffered in the battle for life. The book is about the suffering of millions of inhabitants of the besieged city and those who, under the onslaught of the enemy, retreating, found refuge here.

The Book of Memory is a stern, courageous book, like a memorial plaque, forever imprinted so far only 629157 names of our fellow countrymen who died of hunger and disease, froze on the streets and in their apartments, died during shelling and bombing, missing in the besieged city itself. This martyrology is constantly being supplemented. During the years of publication of the Book of Memory “Blockade. 1941–1944 Leningrad” received 2,670 applications for the names of those who died in the blockade, and in preparation for the publication of the 35th volume, another 1,337 names were immortalized.

The world did not know such a huge scale of extermination of the civilian population, such a depth of human suffering. From “Memoirs and Reflections” of Marshal of the Soviet Union G.K. Zhukov (vol. 2, p. 192, M., 1995) - “The history of wars did not know such an example of mass heroism, courage, labor and combat prowess, which was shown defenders of Leningrad.

Heroism was shown by everyone who found themselves in the blockade ring, both soldiers and residents of the city - men and women, old people and children. All of them can rightly be called front-line soldiers in the defending front city. They bravely fought death, continuing to work; each in his post did everything to strengthen the defense and bring victory closer.

Year after year, from generation to generation, we will pass on this memory of the war, of the blockade, of the people who managed to ensure victory over fascism under inhuman conditions.

The main thing that the members of the editorial board were striving for was to return from oblivion and oblivion tens, hundreds of thousands of names of those who died in the besieged city of Leningrad.

It is not difficult to imagine the scale and complexity of this work, which is unlikely to ever be fully completed. After all, we still, to the greatest regret, cannot give the exact number of losses, not to mention the names, although more than 60 years have passed since the end of this longest battle of the Great Patriotic War - the battle for Leningrad and its nine hundred days of defense.

When compiling the lists of names, archival and many other documentary sources were used to the maximum extent. A significant contribution to the work of collecting information about the dead and compiling registration cards was made by the participants in those tragic events - the miraculously surviving residents of besieged Leningrad.

Zabello Mikhail Yakovlevich, b. 09/25/1928. Place of residence: Kurortny district. (They survived the Blockade, vol. 4)

Zabello Nina Lukyanovna, b. 05/02/1920. Place of residence: Grodno, st. Pushkina, 46, apt. 31. (They survived the Blockade, vol. 4)

Zabello Zabella Ignatiy Pavlovich, born in 1879 Place of residence: V. O., st. Vera Slutskaya, 14, apt. 22. Date of death: December 1942.

Burial place: Piskarevsky cemetery. (Blockade, v. 10)