Method for adaptive correction of combinatorial dependence of Kaplan hydraulic turbine. Encyclopedia of the Chelyabinsk Region Fedor Ivanovich - Ivan Ivanovich Molodoy

Krumin (Krumins) Herald (Harald) Ivanovich, Soviet and households. activist, journalist. Member RSDLP since 1909. During his studies at the Riga gymnasium (1905-10) as a member of the roar. the movement was persecuted by the authorities. In 1910, for storage for-forbidden. literature was exiled to Estonia. At the end of the Historical Philology. Faculty of Petrograd un-that (1916) was again persecuted, illegally lived in Pskov, Moscow. region In 1917-18 a member. Krasnopresnensky (Moscow) district party committee. Since 1918 hands. ed.-publ. department of the Supreme Council of the National Economy, edited by the center. ed .: f. "National Economy" (1918-19), gas. "Economic Life" (from 1919), "Pravda" (from 1928), "Izvestia" (from 1930). Since 1931 in Sverdlovsk: deputy. pre. region control commission and RCI (May - December 1931), deputy. pre. regional executive committee (from Dec. 1931), head. Uralplan (1932-33). In the beginning. 1934 sent to work in Person: Chl. plenum Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, from Feb. - Deputy. pre. the organizing committee of the regional party committee, head. People regional plan. Participated in the development of documentation on econ. the substantiation of the construction of ChGRES, the basic indicators of the development of the industry, the construction and the economy of the region for 1934, as well as in the development of basic. planned directions of development of the Urals and people. region for the 2nd five-year plan. Delegate of the 14-17th congresses of the CPSU (b), at the 16th congress (1930) elected a member. Centre. the audit commission. After leaving Chel. (nov. 1934) deputy. ch. editor of the 1st ed. TSB, responsible editor w. "Problems of Economics". The author of St. 500 articles and several. books on the organization and management of pr-vom, NEP, industrialization of the country and collectivization p. x-va. Lecturer at the Graduate School of Party. organizers and in-that distance learning at the Central Committee of the CPSU (b). In Jan. 1938 arrested, sentenced to 10 years in prison. Served a sentence in the Komi ASSR. He died in the camps of the NKVD. Rehabilitated posthumously.

Harald Ivanovich Krumin surname variant Krumins(July 21, 1894, village Sunzeln, Riga district, Livland province - May 17, 1943, Komi ASSR) - party leader, journalist.

Biography

Born into the family of a rural teacher. In 1905 he graduated from the parish school and entered the Riga gymnasium.

Krumin was greatly influenced by his elder brother Alfred and sister Hermine, who by that time were already members of the Latvian Social Democratic Labor Party (LSDLP). In 1909, Harald Krumin also joined the LSDLP (LSD). In 1910, during a search, illegal Marxist literature was found on him, he was expelled from the gymnasium and sent under the supervision of a local priest to the island of Ezel, where he continued his studies at the local gymnasium. However, in 1912 he was also expelled from this gymnasium for "unreliability."

In 1913 he managed to graduate from the gymnasium in Pernov. After which he entered the Faculty of History and Philology of St. Petersburg University. There he is one of the active members of the party organization of the Latvian Bolshevik region "Prometheus" in St. Petersburg. Publishes articles, notes, correspondence in Pravda. In 1916, after graduating from the Faculty of History and Philology of Petrograd University, he was again persecuted and illegally resided in Pskov. In 1916, in Moscow, he worked in the underground Latvian region (Northern group) of the Moscow Committee and the Presnensky Committee of the RSDLP (b).

After the February Revolution, together with a group of well-known Latvian revolutionaries, he organized the publication of the organ of the Latvian Bolsheviks newspaper Sotsial-Demokrat and became a member of its editorial board. During the October Revolution, he worked in the Military Revolutionary Committee of the city district and the Latvian Revolutionary Center, headed the editorial staff of the Izvestia of the Military Revolutionary Committee of the City District in Moscow, and collaborated in Derevenskaya Pravda.

Since 1918 the head of the editorial and publishing department of the Supreme Council of the National Economy, edited the journal "National Economy". In 1919-1928 editor of the newspaper "Economics and Life". In 1929-1930 - supervised the work of the newspaper "Pravda" as part of the Bureau of the editorial board (Krumin, Popov, Yaroslavsky).

Delegate of the XIV-XVII Congresses of the CPSU (b). In 1930, at the 16th Congress, he was elected a member of the Central Auditing Commission of the CPSU (b), remained in it until 1934. Author of a number of works on the socialist economy.

From May to December 1931 deputy chairman of the regional control commission and RCI in Sverdlovsk. Since December 1931, deputy chairman of the regional executive committee of the Sverdlovsk region. In 1932-1933 he was the chairman of Uralplan. At the beginning of 1934 he was transferred to work in Chelyabinsk, where he was a member of the plenum of the Chelyabinsk regional committee of the CPSU (b), since February 1934 - deputy chairman of the organizing committee of the regional party committee, head of the Chelyabinsk regional plan. Participated in the development of documentation for business case construction of ChGRES, basic indicators of the development of industry, construction and economy of the region for 1934, as well as in the development of the main planning directions for the development of the Urals and the Chelyabinsk region for the 2nd five-year plan.

In 1935-1937 he was deputy editor-in-chief of the 1st edition of the Great Soviet Encyclopedia and executive editor of the journal Problems of Economics. Lecturer at the Higher School of Party Organizers and the Institute of Distance Learning at the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks).

Arrested in January 1938. Shortly before his arrest, he was expelled from the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks for contact with the enemies of the people Ya. E. Rudzutak and R. I. Eikhe, dismissed from his job. For refusing to admit the charges, he was placed in solitary confinement in the Taganskaya prison. Sentenced to 10 years in prison. He was serving his sentence in the Kotlas camp in the Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, where his sister visited him. He died in the camps. He was posthumously rehabilitated in 1955.

Family

Essays

• Organization and management of production, [M., 1920];
• New Economic Policy in Industry, M., 1922;
• Ways of economic policy, M., 1924;
• In the struggle for socialism, M., 1926;
• Basic questions of economy and opposition, M., 1927;
• Results and problems of socialist construction, M. - L., 1927;
• About NEP, M. - L., 1929;
• The Struggle for Industrialization and the Tasks of the Party, Moscow - Leningrad, 1929.

Write a review on the article "Krumin, Harald Ivanovich"

Links

• Paushikna G.M. The Tragedy of the Innocent: Memories. M .: 1965-1988. Typescript 289 p. Archive of the Memorial Society F. 2, Op. 1, Case 92.

Notes (edit)

Excerpt characterizing Crumin, Harald Ivanovich

The health and character of Prince Nikolai Andreich Bolkonsky, in this Last year after the departure of their son, they became very weak. He became even more irritable than before, and all the outbursts of his causeless anger for the most part fell on Princess Marya. He seemed to be diligently seeking all her sore spots in order to morally torture her as cruelly as possible. Princess Marya had two passions and therefore two joys: her nephew Nikolushka and religion, both of which were favorite themes of the prince's attacks and ridicule. No matter what they talked about, he reduced the conversation to the superstitions of old girls or to pampering and spoiling children. - “You want to make him (Nikolenka) the same old girl as yourself; in vain: Prince Andrey needs a son, not a girl, ”he said. Or, turning to Mademoiselle Bourime, he asked her in front of Princess Marya how she liked our priests and images, and joked ...
He constantly painfully insulted Princess Marya, but the daughter did not even make an effort on herself to forgive him. How could he be guilty before her, and how could her father, who, she knew it all the same, loved her, be unjust? And what is justice? The princess never thought about this proud word: "justice." All the complex laws of mankind were concentrated for her in one simple and clear law - in the law of love and self-denial, taught to us by the One Who suffered with love for humanity when he himself is God. What did she care about the justice or injustice of others? She had to suffer and love herself, and she did that.
In winter, Prince Andrey came to Lysye Gory, he was cheerful, meek and gentle, such as Princess Marya had not seen him for a long time. She had a presentiment that something had happened to him, but he did not say anything to Princess Mary about his love. Before leaving, Prince Andrei talked for a long time about something with his father, and Princess Marya noticed that before leaving, both were dissatisfied with each other.

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Harald Ivanovich Krumin surname variant Krumins(July 21, 1894, village Sunzeln, Riga district, Livland province - May 17, 1943, Komi ASSR) - party leader, journalist.

Biography

Born into the family of a rural teacher. In 1905 he graduated from the parish school and entered the Riga gymnasium.

Krumin was greatly influenced by his elder brother Alfred and sister Hermine, who by that time were already members of the Latvian Social Democratic Labor Party (LSDLP). In 1909, Harald Krumin also joined the LSDLP (LSD). In 1910, during a search, illegal Marxist literature was found on him, he was expelled from the gymnasium and sent under the supervision of a local priest to the island of Ezel, where he continued his studies at the local gymnasium. However, in 1912 he was also expelled from this gymnasium for "unreliability."

In 1913 he managed to graduate from the gymnasium in Pernov. After which he entered the Faculty of History and Philology of St. Petersburg University. There he is one of the active members of the party organization of the Latvian Bolshevik region "Prometheus" in St. Petersburg. Publishes articles, notes, correspondence in Pravda. In 1916, after graduating from the Faculty of History and Philology of Petrograd University, he was again persecuted and illegally resided in Pskov. In 1916, in Moscow, he worked in the underground Latvian region (Northern group) of the Moscow Committee and the Presnensky Committee of the RSDLP (b).

After the February Revolution, together with a group of well-known Latvian revolutionaries, he organized the publication of the organ of the Latvian Bolsheviks newspaper Sotsial-Demokrat and became a member of its editorial board. During the October Revolution, he worked in the Military Revolutionary Committee of the city district and the Latvian Revolutionary Center, headed the editorial staff of the Izvestia of the Military Revolutionary Committee of the City District in Moscow, and collaborated in Derevenskaya Pravda.

Since 1918 the head of the editorial and publishing department of the Supreme Council of the National Economy, edited the journal "National Economy". In 1919-1928 editor of the newspaper "Economics and Life". In 1929-1930 - supervised the work of the newspaper "Pravda" as part of the Bureau of the editorial board (Krumin, Popov, Yaroslavsky).

Delegate of the XIV-XVII Congresses of the CPSU (b). In 1930, at the 16th Congress, he was elected a member of the Central Auditing Commission of the CPSU (b), remained in it until 1934. Author of a number of works on the socialist economy.

From May to December 1931 deputy chairman of the regional control commission and RCI in Sverdlovsk. Since December 1931, deputy chairman of the regional executive committee of the Sverdlovsk region. In 1932-1933 he was the chairman of Uralplan. At the beginning of 1934 he was transferred to work in Chelyabinsk, where he was a member of the plenum of the Chelyabinsk regional committee of the CPSU (b), since February 1934 - deputy chairman of the organizing committee of the regional party committee, head of the Chelyabinsk regional plan. Participated in the development of documentation on the economic justification for the construction of ChGRES, basic indicators of the development of industry, construction and economy of the region for 1934, as well as in the development of the main planning directions for the development of the Urals and the Chelyabinsk region for the 2nd five-year plan.

In 1935-1937 he was deputy editor-in-chief of the 1st edition of the Great Soviet Encyclopedia and executive editor of the journal Problems of Economics. Lecturer at the Higher School of Party Organizers and the Institute of Distance Learning at the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks).

Arrested in January 1938. Shortly before his arrest, he was expelled from the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks for contact with the enemies of the people Ya. E. Rudzutak and R. I. Eikhe, dismissed from his job. For refusing to admit the charges, he was placed in solitary confinement in the Taganskaya prison. Sentenced to 10 years in prison. He was serving his sentence in the Kotlas camp in the Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, where his sister visited him. He died in the camps. He was posthumously rehabilitated in 1955.

Family

Essays

• Organization and management of production, [M., 1920];
• New Economic Policy in Industry, M., 1922;
• Ways of economic policy, M., 1924;
• In the struggle for socialism, M., 1926;
• Basic questions of economy and opposition, M., 1927;
• Results and problems of socialist construction, M. - L., 1927;
• About NEP, M. - L., 1929;
• The Struggle for Industrialization and the Tasks of the Party, Moscow - Leningrad, 1929.

Write a review on the article "Krumin, Harald Ivanovich"

Links

• Paushikna G.M. The Tragedy of the Innocent: Memories. M .: 1965-1988. Typescript 289 p. Archive of the Memorial Society F. 2, Op. 1, Case 92.

Notes (edit)

Excerpt characterizing Crumin, Harald Ivanovich

Mom was completely conquered by dad's poems ... And he wrote a lot of them to her and brought her every day to her work, along with huge, hand-drawn posters (dad drew superbly), which he unfolded right on her desktop, and on which , among all kinds of painted flowers, it was written in large letters: "Annushka, my little star, I love you!". Naturally, what woman could endure this for a long time and not give up? .. They never parted ... Using every free minute to spend it together, as if someone could take it away from them. Together we went to the cinema, to dances (which both loved very much), walked in the charming Alytus city park, until one day they decided that there was enough dating and that it was time to look at life a little more seriously. They were soon married. But only my father’s friend (mother’s younger brother) Ionas knew about this, since neither from mother’s side, nor from father’s relatives, this union did not cause much delight ... Mother’s parents predicted her rich neighbor-teacher to be her fiancés, whom they really liked and, according to their concept, it was perfect for my mother, and in my father’s family at that time there was no time for marriage, since grandfather was hid in prison at that time as an “accomplice of the noble” (which, for sure, they tried to “break” the stubbornly resisting dad), and my grandmother went to the hospital from a nervous shock and was very sick. Dad was left with a little brother in his arms and now had to manage the entire household alone, which was very difficult, since the Seryogins at that time lived in a large two-story house (in which I later lived), with a huge old garden around. And, of course, such an economy required good care ...
So three long months passed, and my dad and mom, already married, still went on dates, until mom accidentally went to dad's house one day and found there a very touching picture ... Dad was standing in the kitchen in front of the stove and looking unhappy "Replenished" the hopelessly growing number of pots of semolina porridge, which at that moment he was cooking for his little brother. But for some reason, the "harmful" porridge became more and more, and poor dad could not understand what was happening ... Mom, struggling to hide a smile so as not to offend the hapless "cook", rolling up his sleeves right there began to put in order all this "stagnant domestic mess", starting with completely occupied, "filled with porridge" pots, indignantly hissing stove ... helplessness, and decided to immediately move to this, while still completely alien and unfamiliar to her, territory ... And although it was not very easy for her at that time either - she worked at the post office (to support herself), and in the evenings she went to preparatory classes for the medical school exams.

She, without hesitation, gave all her remaining strength to her, exhausted to the limit, young husband and his family. The house immediately came to life. In the kitchen there was a stupefying smell of delicious Lithuanian "zeppellins", which Daddy's little brother adored and, just like Daddy, who had been sitting on dry water for a long time, gorged himself on them literally to the "unreasonable" limit. Everything became more or less normal, except for the absence of grandparents, about whom my poor dad was very worried, and all this time he sincerely missed them. But now he already had a young beautiful wife, who, as best she could, tried in every possible way to brighten up his temporary loss, and looking at my father's smiling face, it was clear that she was doing it quite well. Papa's little brother very soon got used to his new aunt and followed her tail, hoping to get something tasty or at least a beautiful "evening fairy tale", which my mother read to him before going to bed in great abundance.
So calmly in everyday worries the days passed, and after them the weeks. Grandmother, by that time, had already returned from the hospital and, to her great surprise, found a newly-made daughter-in-law at home ... And since it was too late to change anything, they simply tried to get to know each other better, avoiding unwanted conflicts (which are inevitable appear at any new, too close acquaintance). More precisely, they just “rubbed in” each other, trying to honestly bypass any possible “underwater reefs” ... I have always sincerely regretted that my mother and grandmother never fell in love with each other ... still are) wonderful people, and I loved both of them very much. But if my grandmother, all her life spent together, somehow tried to adapt to my mother, then my mother, on the contrary, at the end of my grandmother's life, sometimes too openly showed her her irritation, which hurt me deeply, since I was strongly attached to both of them and very did not like to fall, as they say, "between two fires" or forcibly take someone's side. I have never been able to understand what caused this constant "quiet" war between these two wonderful women, but apparently there were some very good reasons for this, or, perhaps, my poor mother and grandmother were simply truly "incompatible" , as happens quite often with strangers living together. One way or another, it was a pity, because, in general, it was a very friendly and loyal family, in which everyone stood behind each other like a mountain, and experienced every trouble or misfortune together.
But let's go back to the days when all this was just beginning, and when each member of this new family honestly tried to "live together" without creating any trouble for the rest ... Grandfather was already at home, but his health, to the great regret of everyone else , after days spent in prison, has deteriorated sharply. Apparently, including the hard days spent in Siberia, all the long ordeals of the Seryogins in unfamiliar cities did not spare the poor, tortured grandfather's heart - he began recurring microinfarctions ...
Mom became very friendly with him and tried as best she could to help him forget all the bad things as soon as possible, although she herself had a very, very difficult time. Over the past months, she managed to pass the preparatory and entrance exams to the medical institute. But, to her great regret, her old dream was not destined to come true for the simple reason that at that time in Lithuania it was still necessary to pay for the institute, and in her mother's family (in which there were nine children) there was not enough finance for this. In the same year, from a severe nervous shock that happened several years ago, her still very young mother died - my grandmother on my mother’s side, whom I also never saw. She fell ill during the war, on the day when she learned that in the pioneer camp, in the seaside town of Palanga, there was a heavy bombardment, and all the surviving children were taken away to no one knows where ... And among these children was her son , the youngest and favorite of all nine children. He returned a few years later, but, unfortunately, this could no longer help my grandmother. And in the first year of my mother's and father's life together, it slowly faded away ... Mother's father - my grandfather - left a large family in her arms, of which only one mother's sister - Domicela - was married at that time.
And grandfather was a "businessman", unfortunately, was absolutely catastrophic ... And very soon the woolen factory, which he, with his grandmother's "light hand", owned, was put on sale for debts, and grandmother's parents did not want to help him anymore, so as it was already the third time, when grandfather completely lost everything, the property they donated.
My grandmother (mother's mother) came from a very wealthy Lithuanian noble family of Mitrulyavichus, who, even after the "dispossession", had a lot of land. Therefore, when my grandmother (against the will of her parents) married a grandfather who had nothing, her parents (so as not to hit their faces in the mud) gave them a large farm and a beautiful, spacious house ... which, after a while , grandfather, thanks to his great "commercial" abilities, lost. But since at that time they already had five children, it is natural that the grandmother's parents could not stand aside and gave them a second farm, but with a smaller and not so beautiful house. And again, to the great regret of the whole family, very soon there was no second “gift” either ... The next and last help of my grandmother's patient parents was a small woolen factory, which was superbly equipped and, if used correctly, could bring a very good income , allowing the whole grandmother's family to live comfortably. But grandfather, after all the troubles of life he had gone through, by this time was already indulging in "strong" drinks, so the almost complete ruin of the family did not have to wait too long ...

Crumin, Kruminsh Garald Ivanovich, Soviet economist, publicist. Member of the Communist Party since 1909. Born near Riga in the family of a village teacher. In 1916 he graduated from the Faculty of History and Philology of Petrograd University. In 1918, editor of the journal "National Economy"; in 1919-28 - the newspaper Ekonomicheskaya Zhizn, 1928-30 - the newspaper Pravda. From 1931 to 1935 he was at party and Soviet work in Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk. From 1935 to 1937 he was deputy editor-in-chief of the first edition of the TSB and executive editor of the journal Problems of Economics. Delegate to the 14-17th Congresses of the CPSU (b). At the 16th Congress, he was elected a member of the Central Auditing Commission.

Cit .: Organization and management of production, [M., 1920]; New Economic Policy in Industry, M., 1922; Ways of economic policy, M., 1924; In the struggle for socialism, M., 1926; Basic questions of economy and opposition, M., 1927; Results and problems of socialist construction, Moscow and Leningrad, 1927; About NEP, Moscow - Leningrad, 1929; The Struggle for Industrialization and the Tasks of the Party, Moscow-Leningrad, 1929.

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