Download presentation yurt house mongolia. Yurt is the national dwelling of the Mongols. It is quickly assembled and easily disassembled by the forces of one family within one hour.

This Presentation "Yurt is the national home of the Buryats" created for the lesson in fine arts, introduced into the theme "Russian hut" grade 5, as a regional component.

Introduces students to the home of the indigenous population of the republic in which we live. The presentation tells about the construction of a winter and summer yurt, its decoration, introduces the way of life, traditions of the people, and culture.

This lesson is an introduction lesson into a large topic dedicated to folk costume, folk holidays, at the final lesson "Folk festivities" a large collective work is created, where a panel is created from the work performed in the lessons.

These lessons foster tolerance, broaden the horizons of students.

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The presentation was prepared by: teacher of fine arts MBOU TSOSH №1 named after A.A. Mezentseva Elena Anatolyevna Baklanova
And over the eight-walled yurt, a ray of gold glows along the slope. Slowly, the bent-over man tells us a fairy tale. How a simple and poor brave warrior grows up in a family, and he fearlessly defeats the enemies of the earth at dawn. We sit, rejoicing in our souls, we take everything for the truth. We remember that earthly tale for the rest of our lives. , as if she opened to us the essence of goodness and light. How long ago it was, how wonderful it was. Boris Syrenov
The main dwelling of the Buryats is the yurt. The Buryat yurt is round-polygonal in shape and comes from the Mongolian felt yurt
With the advent of the Russians in the Baikal region, a wooden yurt, similar to the Russian huts, appeared. At the end of the XIX century. yurts, mainly, were erected on the summer houses - the residence of the Buryat family in the summer in a place, usually near the water, with hayfields and pastures. In winter, the Buryats lived in the so-called winter roads - equipped wooden dwellings borrowed from the Russians - huts.
Yurts were usually built from larch logs, less often from pine. The logs were usually facing with a plane inward and an edge outward. The foundation of the yurt was made of eight short larch logs - logs cut in half. These logs were laid with a cut plane downwards, on them were placed four very massive logs - gazari-modon. On this foundation, the walls were erected: nine logs were laid over the gazari-modons, and in the intervals between them ten logs, which formed the wall - khan.
In the middle of the yurt, they dug four massive larch pillars - teengi, on top of them were laid four horizontal transverse beams - harasa, on which the roof lay. Swallows usually build nests for harass, so they put planks for droppings under the nests. The roof of a yurt is usually multi-layered - boards, larch bark and sod. The rich Buryats also covered the roof with boards over the sod. The smoke hole in the roof served as the only source of light in the yurt, the wider it was, the brighter it was in the yurt, but it could not be made very wide, otherwise rain could flood the things inside the yurt itself. Many religious rituals were associated with the smoke hole among the Buryats. Through it they "sprinkled" the ancestors and heavenly deities and sent prayers to them. Through it, some religious things were carried into the yurt that could not be carried through the door (for example, a birch or pine used during sacrifices).
When the roof was ready, they cut through the door, before that they only made a hole through which the workers passed. After the door, a floor was laid - oyor, under the floor were laid beams - a hole, on which the floor boards lay. Thanks to the hole under the floor, there was a lot of free space, which, on the one hand, saved the yurt from dampness, and on the other, it, communicating with the hearth, served it for draft. Only after the floor had been laid, the hearth - gulumta - was finally established, three stones were installed - dule, the floor of the hearth, a stone wall, a fence - gulzakh so that the ash would not scatter, and they tamped clay around the hearth.
Last of all, a danhe shelf was attached to the wall of the yurt (on the left side), on which sacred objects were kept: "Mongol stones" - three stones, which, during the cleansing ritual, represent the hearth, the sacred grass khankha (Bogorodskaya grass), grass from the thailag and other items cult. On the right, on this shelf, they put all sorts of small items that do not belong to the household and that can break or get lost. Ongons (they were also called "Burkhans") - images of spirits were hung over sacred objects: Bara-ongon - a lion, a powerful shaman; Anden-hubun-irie-bara is also a powerful shaman. Both are patrons of the hunt. Maylaga - the three wives of the morning lightning of Solbon - were hanged for children, causing fertility. The rest of the ongons were hung outside.
The felt yurt looks like this: its walls are lattice, they are made of processed willow branches, which are connected together with leather straps. Poles go up from the walls - this is the ceiling. One end rests against the wall, and the other at the top against a round rim (chimney), it is also made of wood. From above it was covered with felt in three rows.
According to the Buryat tradition, it was divided into two halves: the right is female, the left is male (this is if you stand facing its northern part). Harnesses, tools, etc. were in the men's half, and various household utensils and food were in the women's. The northern side of the yurt (khoimor) was considered honorable, and guests were received in it. In the very center there was a hearth, and at the top there was a special hole for the smoke to come out. Traditionally, it was placed with the entrance to the south.
The arrangement of yurts in the ulus was just as strict. The yurt of the eldest in the clan or family was to stand to the right, and the yurts of the younger members of the clan and family - to the left of it in order of seniority in the clan. The existence of the Buryat family was based on a common economy - indivisible ownership of land, livestock and tools of production. However, unlike many other peoples, among the Buryats, each small family, being part of a large family, lived not in one common dwelling with the rest of the families, but in separate yurts located near the father's yurt. Putting a separate yurt for each married son was a long-standing custom of the Buryats.
The yurt organically fits into the environment, repeating the shape of the heavenly dome above it, semicircular hills and hills. In the summer heat and heat, there is a saving coolness in it, in the cold, a live fire in the hearth creates uniform heating and a special microclimate that eliminates pathogenic energy harmful to human health
Modern yurt design
In the native steppe Here, far from the noise, dust, screams, groans, In the eternal bliss of simplicity, Under the blue pattern of the sky Yurts yurt in the steppe.
The grasses are glad to the sun ... The grasses breathe meino. The flowers are smiling. The simplicity of the steppe will captivate the boundless Beauty of simplicity! Here sometimes the song of the shaman groans with a groan - Primitive verses ...
To disembodied spirits, deities without a camp, the steppe will be shamanic. On the native steppe in the grasses of the flower-steppe, herds are playing! The steppe is stepping with yurts. Yurts yurts of the steppes ...

"Fergana Valley" - Broad-leaved and spruce forests of Sary-Chelek, Kyrgyzstan Photo: UNEP / GRID-Arendal (V. Novikov). Mountain lake and reserve Sary-Chelek, Kyrgyzstan Photo: UNEP / GRID-Arendal (V. Novikov). Biological diversity. Ecological state of the Fergana Valley region. Mountain flowers in the vicinity of Iskanderkul, Tajikistan Photo: UNEP / GRID-Arendal (V. Novikov).

"Asia Overseas Region" - The peoples of Asia belong to about 15 language families. This linguistic diversity is not found in any other major region of the planet. The four peoples of the region (Chinese, Hindus, Bengalis and Japanese) each make up over 100 million. Foreign Asia is the homeland of all major religions, all three world religions were born here: Christianity, Buddhism, Islam.

"Regions of Overseas Asia" - Natural conditions and resources. Three main features. Population 3.75 billion people. From west to east 10 thousand km. The deep position of some countries. Overseas Asia. From north to south 7 thousand km. The area is 27.7 million km2 of 38 sovereign states. general characteristics region. Borders. Seaside location of most countries.

"Countries in Asia" - Population. Inland water resources. World Heritage Sites - Great Wall of China, Gugong Imperial Palace, and a complex of palaces and temples in Kyoto. North of China and Mongolia - taiga (even areas of permafrost). South, Indonesia and Malaysia - equatorial climate, jungle. Political and geographical situation.

"Turkey" - Such wide cropped trousers were worn by janissary warriors. Turkish cuisine is one of the three best in the world in taste and richness. Turkish cuisine. The National costume. Both caftans had a deep neckline. Four major national holidays are celebrated with military parades and dances. Big cities in Turkey are relatively safe compared to other countries.

"Characteristics of Asia" - Population. There are about 40 states on the political map. The political map of Overseas Asia has undergone major changes in recent years. It is home to 3.6 billion people. Before World War II, 90% of the region's population lived in the colonies. Geographical position. The average population density reaches 100 people per 1 sq. Km.

There are 22 presentations in total

"Smart Home System" - Home automation market. Why we are doomed to success. Join us. Cost estimation. Risks. How can you automate. Where's the money. Organizational structure... What are we going to do. Payback. What can be automated. What and how can be automated. Development plan. Hardware and software system.

"The history of a man's dwelling" - Roof. Residential buildings. Huts. Multi-story houses. The walls of the caves. Roof device diagram. Garden. Residential buildings. Openwork platbands. Dwelling. Internal walls. Furnaces with pipes. Dugout. Bake. Moderate cold. A place. House. A house is a man's dwelling. Insula. Chum. Yaranga. The house must be ventilated from below. Traditional Japanese house design.

"House of the Future" - Appearance at home. The house is very comfortable. The house of the future is the ideal of a harmoniously developed society. Materials, architecture and interior features. House of the Future by J. Mayer H. Architects. House of the Future. The décor elements of this home of the future are bright and festive. House. The house of the future from Senosiain Arquitectos is shaped like a shell.

"Smart Home" - Home automation systems and components. Available devices. Approaches to home automation. Comfort. Stand. Home automation. The ability to use systems. Available sensors. Multimedia content management. Energy saving. Smart House. The stand is functioning. Do I need to think about energy saving.

"Human dwelling" - The first decorations - rock paintings. Conversion, and therefore, familiarization with the powerful forces of nature is a spiritual act. What skills did you acquire after completing the practical tasks? Let's summarize. What is home? Blitz - poll. A house is a man's dwelling. The originality of housing buildings of different peoples of the world.

"Home" - Pompeii frescoes. A type of yaranga is a chum - a conical hut made of poles. On Lake Chad. The talent and ingenuity of folk architects. Most of the peoples of the world have developed their own specific traditions. Dwellings of the peoples of the North. Dwellings of the peoples of Africa. Indoor height reaches 2 m, diameter is 3-4 m.

There are 10 presentations in total

Practical methods The method of cognitive games - collective and individual game tasks. Role-play: “You are the owner or the owner of the yurt, and you need to meet the guests. According to the Altaians' custom, how would you meet a guest? " The method of immersion in the past - makes a trip to the past. How did people live in a yurt? This method helps to better feel the past.

Mini-museum "Yurt - a dwelling of nomads", was organized in 2005. The model is made of wood and felt coverings with furnishings of Altai household items (interior decoration: bed, pillow-dyastyk, taguur, spectacle, odealo-turkan, tazhuur and arkyt - a leather vessel for airak, tuulak-palace, homemade bowls, folk costumes, dolls). Its premises are divided into several zones. Zone I - Interior decoration. Purpose: to acquaint children with everyday life, traditions and fiction (fairy tales, nursery rhymes, legends, epics, etc.) Objectives: to participate in speech development classes, listen to music, kai. Expected result: the children acquire new information about the decoration of the yurt, use the knowledge gained in the classroom, have an interest in beauty, the desire to return to those works that they liked. Share experiences.

II zone - Exposition zone decorative and applied arts (painted bones of pets, toys). Purpose: the formation of artistic abilities, children's creativity. Tasks: to acquaint children with different kinds and genres of fine arts. Expected result: children should perceive and emotionally react to the artistic image.

The mini-museum is the pride of our team. Children and teachers love to work in it. Together we discuss the topics of upcoming exhibitions, come up with surprises, and conduct integrated classes. Such work activates the possibilities of educators in acquiring new knowledge and skills, it leads to positive shifts in a number of areas: - the integration of children's activities through the production of fairy tales; - broadening the horizons of children; - enrichment of vocabulary through the study of nursery rhymes, songs, poems; - activates joint activities of children and their parents

The mini-museum promotes the development of children, their aesthetic perception of figurative representations, imagination, creativity. Our team fosters a sense of patriotism, teaching the traditions and customs of the Altai people. Teaches children to treat themselves and the environment with love, to see the unusual, amazing in the world, giving others kindness, joy, beauty through the methods of traditional education.

Mini-museum work plan Forms of work Work with participants Answers Production meeting Interaction with participating organizations Seminar - workshop for educators Work with parents Progress report Approval of the mini-museum plan Round tables, visits open classes Carrying out classes Give birth. Meeting, open views of classes, visit to the museum Production meeting Senior fire-lighter Educator Art. educated Give birth. Committee All teachers

III zone - the zone of folk costumes (from preschool to old age) Purpose: development of children's abilities to see, love and understand art. Objectives: to enrich and expand the artistic experience of children, develop imagination and creativity. Expected result: the need for creative activity, respect for cultural and artistic figures awakens in children.