How to make a date of birth from Roman numerals. Translation Roman, Indian, Arabic numerals (numbers) Convert Roman numerals online

Roman numerals, invented more than 2500 years ago, were used by Europeans for two millennia, then they were replaced by Arabic numerals. This happened because Roman numerals are difficult to write down, and any arithmetic operations in the Roman system are much more difficult to perform than in the Arabic numeral system. Despite the fact that today the Roman system is not often used, this does not mean that it has become irrelevant. In most cases, centuries are denoted in Roman numerals, but it is customary to write years or exact dates in Arabic numerals.

Roman numerals are also used when writing ordinal numbers of monarchs, encyclopedic volumes, valences of various chemical elements. On the dials of wristwatches, the numbers of the Roman numeral system are also often used.

Roman numerals are specific signs used to record decimal places and their halves. Only seven capital letters of the Latin alphabet are used for this. Number 1 corresponds to the Roman numeral I, 5 - V, 10 - X, 50 - L, 100 - C, 500 - D, 1000 - M. When denoting natural numbers, these numbers are repeated. So 2 can be written using two times I, that is, 2 - II, 3 - three letters I, that is, 3 - III. If the smaller digit comes before the larger one, then the principle of subtraction is used (the smaller digit is subtracted from the larger one). So, the number 4 is depicted as IV (that is, 5-1).

In the case when a large number is in front of a smaller one, they are added, for example, 6 is written in the Roman system as VI (that is, 5 + 1).

If you are used to writing numbers in Arabic numerals, then some difficulties may arise when you need to write centuries in Roman numerals, any number or date. It is very easy and very fast to convert any number from the Arabic system to the Roman numeral system and vice versa, using the convenient converter on our website.

On the computer keyboard, just go to English language to easily write any number in Roman numerals.

Apparently, the ancient Romans preferred straight lines, so all their numbers are straight and strict. However, Roman numerals are nothing more than a simplified representation of the fingers of a human hand. The numbers from one to four resemble outstretched fingers, the number five can be compared with an open palm, where the thumb is protruding. And the number ten resembles two crossed arms. In European countries, it is customary to unbend fingers when counting, but in Russia, on the contrary, to bend.

One of the popular trends in the world of tattoos is the date of birth, written in Roman numerals. The inscription is striking and a person who is not familiar with the basics of writing Roman numbers will not be very clear. Thus, the date is encrypted and becomes accessible only to those who are familiar with the elementary numerical expressions of the Latin language.

So, everything in order:

The date of birth is compiled in 3 stages.

• Stage 1 - birthday.
• Stage 2 - month of birth.
• Stage 3 - year of birth.

All stages strictly follow each other and are separated by dots. Take the date of birth as an example. August 28, 1999.

In normal format, this date will look like this: 28.08.1999 ... The month of August was replaced by its ordinal number of the period of the year, namely 08. You can also write it as 28.8.1999 , no difference. In Roman numerals, the date will change to: XXVIII.VIII.MCMXCIX.

Stage 1. Day selection.

The maximum number of days in a month is 31. Therefore, it is easier to choose your day from the table than to calculate the correct spelling of the number:

Stage 2. Choice of the month.

There are 12 months in a year and they all have their own serial number.

Stage 3. Choice of the year.

The most difficult stage, as it has many spelling options.

Option 1 - shortened. The number consists of the last two digits of the year of birth. For example, the number 99 or roman XCIX, will denote 1999, and 18 will be the abbreviation for 2018 ( Xviii). The only year that cannot be shortened is 2000, its Roman version will always be MM, both in abbreviated and in full version.

In ancient times, the Romans were very active in trade and commerce, and as soon as they acquired writing they began to need to designate numbers. The system they invented to denote numbers and numbers has been used extensively for centuries, and even now it finds its application in many special cases of writing numbers.

Roman numbers traditionally denote the order of rulers or people with the same name (for example, Catherine II, Nicholas II, Louis XIV). They are also sometimes used to indicate dates in publishing or on buildings, to indicate the year of construction, or on tombstones when there is a desire to create an impression, a sense of a classic honor, a tribute. Roman numbers and numbers (the whole system) also lives in our language, which still uses the roots of Latin loan words to represent certain numerical ideas or meanings. A few examples: duo- double, quadricep- quadriceps muscle, decade- a group of ten, ten or decade, milliliter- milliliter, one thousandth of a liter, etc.

One big difference between Roman and Arabic numbers (the ones we use on a daily basis now) is that the Roman numeral system does not have a zero symbol, and the second is that the position of the digit in the notation may mean not addition, but sometimes subtraction.

Simple calculation principle

Roman numbers are mathematically converted to Arabic numbers by simply assigning each digit of a Roman number to a corresponding integer value in the Arabic system with automatic addition: M = 1000 | D = 500 | C = 100 | L = 50 | X = 10 | V = 5 | I = 1.

Below is a detailed description of all major Roman numerals:

Roman number conversions online

Enter all the letters in the Roman numeral as they appear on your exhibit:

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To designate numbers in Latin, combinations of the following seven characters are accepted: I (1), V (5), X (10), L (50), C (100), D (500), M (1000).

For memorization letter designations digits in descending order, a mnemonic rule was invented:

We Give Juicy Limons, Enough Vsem IX (respectively M, D, C, L, X, V, I).

If the sign denoting a smaller number stands to the right of the sign denoting a larger number, then the smaller number should be added to the larger one, if on the left, then subtract, namely:

VI - 6, i.e. 5 + 1
IV - 4, i.e. 5 - 1
XI - 11, i.e. 10 + 1
IX - 9, i.e. 10 - 1
LX - 60, i.e. 50 + 10
XL - 40, i.e. 50 - 10
CX - 110, i.e. 100 + 10
XC - 90, i.e. 100-10
MDCCCXII - 1812, i.e. 1000 + 500 + 100 + 100 + 100 + 10 + 1 + 1.

Different designations of the same number are possible. For example, the number 80 can be denoted as LXXX (50 + 10 + 10 + 10) and as XXC (100 - 20).

To write numbers in Roman numerals, you must first write down the number of thousands, then hundreds, then tens and finally units.

I (1) - unus (unus)
II (2) - duo (duo)
III (3) - tres (tres)
IV (4) - quattuor
V (5) - quinque
VI (6) - sex (seks)
VII (7) - septera
VIII (8) - octo (octo)
IX (9) - novem (novem)
X (10) - decern
XI (11) - undecim
XII (12) - duodecim
XH (13) - tredecim (tredecim)
XIV (14) - quattuordecim
XV (15) - quindecim
XVI (16) - sedecim
XVII (17) - septendecim
XVIII (18) - duodeviginti (duodeviginti)
XIX (19) - undeviginti
XX (20) - viginti (viginti)
XXI (21) - unus et viginti or viginti unus
XXII (22) - duo et viginti or viginti duo, etc.
XXVIII (28) - duodetriginta (duodetriginta)
XXIX (29) - undetriginta
XXX (30): triginta
XL (40) - quadraginta
L (5O) - quinquaginta
LX (60) - sexaginta
LXX (70) - septuaginta (szltuaginta)
LXXX180) - octoginta
KS (90) - nonaginta (nonaginta)
C (100) centum
CC (200) - ducenti
CCC (300) - trecenti
CD (400) - quadrigenti
D (500) - quingenti
DC (600) - sescenti or sexonti
DCC (700) - septigenti
DCCC (800) - octingenti
CV (DCCC) (900) - nongenti
M (1000) - mille (mille)
MM (2000) - duo milia
V (5000) - quinque milla
X (10,000) - decem milia
XX (20,000) - viginti milia
C (100000) - centum milia
XI (1,000,000) - decies centena milia.

If suddenly an inquisitive person asks why the Latin letters V, L, C, D, M were chosen to designate the numbers 50, 100, 500 and 1000, then we will immediately say that these are not Latin letters at all, but completely different signs.

The fact is that the basis for the Latin alphabet was the Western Greek alphabet. It is to him that the three signs L, C and M. ascend. Here they denoted aspirated sounds, which were not in Latin. When the Latin alphabet was drawn up, it was they who turned out to be superfluous. They were also adapted to represent numbers in the Latin script. Later, they coincided in writing with the Latin letters. So, the sign C (100) became similar to the first letter of the Latin word centum (one hundred), and M (1000) - to the first letter of the word mille (thousand). As for the sign D (500), it represented half of the sign F (1000), and then it became similar to the Latin letter. The V (5) was just the upper half of the X (10).