What does p65 rails mean. R65 rail - dimensions: width of the head and sole, height with lining and sleeper, length, characteristics. Size value for rail type

(Instead of GOST 7174-75, 8161-75, GOST 16210-77, GOST 18267-82)

Date of introduction 01.07.2001

Application area

This standard applies to railroad rails R50, R65, R75 intended for link and continuous track of railways and for the production of turnouts. Mandatory requirements for the quality of rails, ensuring traffic safety, are set out in sections 5-8 of this standard.

Rail classification

4.1. Rails are subdivided: by types:

• R65K (for outer threads of curved track sections),

• B - heat-strengthened rails of the highest quality,
• T1, T2 - heat-strengthened rails,
• H - non-heat-strengthened rails;

according to the presence of bolt holes:

• with holes at both ends,
• without holes;

according to the method of steel smelting:

• M - from open-hearth steel,
• K - from converter steel,
• E - from electric steel;

according to the type of raw materials:

• ingots,
• from continuously cast billets (NLZ);

according to the anti-flake treatment method:

• vacuum steel,
• undergone controlled cooling,
• undergone isothermal exposure.

Design and dimensions

5.1. The shape and main (controlled) dimensions of the cross section of the rails must correspond to those shown in Figure 1 and Table 1. Permissible deviations of the controlled dimensions and shape of the cross section of the rails must correspond to the values ​​\u200b\u200bspecified in Table 2.

Figure 1 - Main dimensions of the cross section of the rail

Table 1
In millimeters

table 2
In millimeters

5.2. The location, number and diameter of the bolt holes in the neck at the ends of the rails must correspond to those shown in Figure 2 and Table 3. By agreement of the parties, the rails can be manufactured with a different location, number and diameter of the bolt holes.

Figure 2 - Location of bolt holes

Table 3
Dimensions in mm

We sell steel rails. Specify the prices at managers. You can order a rail at the office of the Remstroyput company (Ekaterinburg, Taganskaya st., 55a). Available rails R65, RP65, R50, RP50, R33, R38, T62, KR140, KR120, KR100, R80, KR70, R43, R24, R18, R11.

With a continuous replacement of rails on the main directions of railways, two new types are laid on the track, depending on the load density: R75 (GOST 16210-77) and (GOST 8161-75) (Table 7). On the tracks of industrial enterprises, rails of types (GOST 7174-75) and (GOST 7173-54) are used. The railroad tracks contain rails of the same types, but of earlier laying years (Table 8). Rails reused in tracks are called.

Table 7 Main indicators of rails

Crap. 24. Rail type P75 according to GOST 16210-77 (Rails have been supplied since 1978)

Crap. 25. Rail type P65 according to GOST 8161-75 (Rails have been supplied since 1976)

Crap. 26. Rail type P50 according to GOST 7174-75 (Rails have been supplied since 1976)

Crap. 27. Rail type P43 according to GOST 7173-54 (Rails have been supplied since 1955)

Table 8 Some indicators of rails discontinued but used on the road

Crap. 28. Rail type P75 according to GOST 16210-70

(The rails were delivered between 1966 and 1977.)

Crap. 29. Rail type R75 under project 751/TsP

(The rails were delivered between 1958 and 1966.)

Crap. 30. Rail type P65 according to GOST 8161-63

(The rails were supplied in the period 1964 - 1975.)

Crap. 31. Rail type P65 according to GOST 8161-56

(The rails were supplied in the period 1956 - 1963, the holes could be oval 38x30 mm)

Crap. 32. Rail type P65 according to the project of 1950

(The rails were delivered between 1953 and 1955.)

Crap. 33. Rail type P50 according to GOST 7174-65

(The rails were delivered between 1965 and 1975.)

Crap. 34. Rail type P50 according to GOST 7174-54

(The rails were supplied in the period 1955 - 1966.)

Crap. 35. Rail type P50 according to GOST 3542-47

(The rails were delivered between 1948 and 1954)

Crap. 36. Rail type P43 according to GOST 3542-47

(The rails were delivered between 1946 and 1954.)

Crap. 37. Rail type 1-a according to OST 119

(Rails were supplied until 1946)

Crap. 38. Rail type P38 (II-a) according to GOST 3542-47

Crap. 39. Rail type (III-a) GOST 6726-53

(Rails were supplied until 1932)

Basic requirements for rails of types R75, R65 and R50 made of open-hearth steel according to GOST 24182-80 (introduced on July 1, 1981 to replace GOST 8160-63 and GOST 6944-63)

1. The standard applies to non-hardened along the entire length rails of types P75, P65 and P50, made of open-hearth steel and intended for laying on broad gauge railways.

2. The design and dimensions of the rails comply with GOST 7174-75, GOST 8161-75 and GOST 16210-77.

3. Rails of two groups are made.

4. Group I rails are made of calm open-hearth steel, deoxidized in a ladle with complex deoxidizers without the use of aluminum or other deoxidizers that form harmful line non-metallic inclusions in the steel.

5. Group II rails are made of calm open-hearth steel, deoxidized with aluminum or manganese-aluminum alloy.

6. The chemical composition of steel must comply with the standards specified in Table. 9.

7. The mechanical properties of steel for rails of groups I and II when tested for a distance must comply with the standards specified in table. 10.

8. The manufacturing technology of rails must guarantee the absence of flocks in them, as well as local non-metallic inclusions (alumina, titanium carbides and nitrides or alumina cemented with silicates), elongated along the rolling direction in the form of tracks - lines longer than 2 mm for group I rails and longer than 8mm for group II rails.

9. The surface of the rail head at its ends must be subjected to rolling heating or high frequency induction heating.

Table 9 Chemical composition of rail steel

Table 10 Mechanical properties of rail steel

Rails intended for welding or other special purposes, at the request of the consumer, are allowed to be manufactured with a length of at least 6.0 m without hardening of one or both ends.

10. Rails after complete cooling can be subjected to cold straightening on roller straightening machines and stamp presses.

11. After cold straightening, the following are not allowed:

repeated cold straightening of rails on roller straightening machines in the same plane;

cold stamp straightening of the ends of the rails, if the curvature of the ends is within the location of the bolt holes;

fall of rails from a height of more than 1.0 m;

waviness and twisting of the rails. The rail is considered twisted if, when measured on a control rack, it has gaps at the ends between the edge of the sole and the rack (diagonally) of more than 1/10,000 of its length.

12. The ends of the rails must be milled perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rail. The misalignment of the ends should not be more than 1.0 mm when measured in any direction. Chopping and breaking the defective ends of the rails is not allowed.

The bolt holes at the ends of the rails must be drilled perpendicular to the vertical longitudinal plane of the rail. The surfaces of bolt holes and ends of the rails must be free from flaws, scuff marks and shrinkage in the form of delaminations and cracks. Burrs and metal deposits at the bolt holes and on the ends of the rails must be removed by cleaning.

Crap. 40. Main marking of rails:

a - rails of the first grade; b- rails of the second grade; v- places for marking on the neck of the rail; 1 - inspection stamps; 2 - the brand of the quality control department of the plant (may be in the form of a square, a triangle or the letter "K"); 3 - place of drawing the rail number according to its location in the ingot (1 and 2 - head rails, X - bottom middle rails have no designations); 4 - the place of application of the steel melting number (the melting number for rails of the 1st group begins with the letter P); 5 - place of indication of the serial number of the rail from the head of the ingot; 6 - a place of a rolled out (convex) marking along the length of the rail, repeating after about 2.5 m and indicating: manufacturer, month and year of rental, type of rail

13. A test section of a rail for impact tests must withstand an impact test at temperatures from 0 ° to plus 40 ° C without breaking, cracking and punctures of the sole (both in the span and on the supports).

14. A trial section of the rail for testing the strength of the sole must withstand the static load without cracks or fracture until a deflection of 4.0 mm is obtained.

15. For laying on the main tracks of the MPS, the following are not allowed: rails of the second grade of types P75 and P65 with rolled dirt, bubbles and cracks in the middle third of the bottom of the sole with a depth of more than 0.3 mm; rails of the second grade type P50.

16. The marking of the rails is shown in Fig. 40, 41 and in table. eleven.

17. Rails shipped to the consumer must be accompanied by a document (certificate of technical suitability of rails) signed by a representative of the manufacturer and an inspector of the Ministry of Railways, certifying the compliance of the rails with the requirements of this standard, which must indicate:

Designation of the manufacturer;

Numbers of standards in accordance with which the rails and order numbers were manufactured and accepted;

Grade and type of rails;

Imprints or description of acceptance marks and marking of rails with paints;

wagon numbers;

Name and address of the recipient.

Crap. 41. An example of a complete factory marking of new rails of the first grade:

a- the rail was manufactured by the Kuznetsk (K) Metallurgical Combine in May (V) 1990 (90) of type P65, melting A293, from ordinary standard carbon steel, with hardening of the ends (white stripe with paint on the head), carbon content "solid" ( yellow color of the sole at the end), the arrow indicates the head end; b- the rail was manufactured by the Azovstal plant (A) in March 1990 (III 90) of type P75, melting P356, hardened along the entire length (green stripe on the neck and green edging of the butt); v- the rail was manufactured by the Nizhny Tagil (T) metallurgical plant in September 1989 (IX 89) of type P50, melting 751Ya, hardened along the entire length, first class in terms of hardening quality (green edging at the end); G

Basic requirements for rails of types R50, R65 and R75, heat-treated by bulk quenching in oil according to GOST 18267-82
(introduced on January 1, 1984 to replace GOST 18267-72)

1. The standard applies to railway rails of types P50, P65 and P75, made of open-hearth high-carbon steel and subjected to heat treatment along the entire length by bulk quenching them in oil, followed by furnace tempering.

2. Rails intended for heat treatment must comply with the requirements for rails of the first grade, manufactured in accordance with GOST 24182-80.

It is allowed, by agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, to subject rails of the second grade to heat treatment. Hardened rails, transferred to the second grade for surface defects, are intended for laying on tracks that do not belong to the Ministry of Railways.

3. The hardness on the rolling surface of the head of hardened rails must be within HB 341...388; the hardness of the neck and sole of the rails - no more than HB 388.

4. The macrostructure of the hardened railhead metal should be hardened sorbitol.

The presence of small disparate sections of ferrite is allowed.

5. The mechanical properties of hardened rails must comply with the following:

Tensile strength, kgf/mm2 ........................................ ³120

Yield strength, kgf/mm2 ....................................... .…….. ³81

Relative elongation, % ..............................................…… ³6

Relative contraction, % .............................................……. ³25

Impact strength at 20 °С, kgf m/cm2 ............................. ³2.5

6. The trial section of the rail must withstand low-temperature impact tests under the impact test without fracture and signs of destruction.

7. In case of unsatisfactory results of repeated impact tests under a headframe, it is allowed to subject the rails to high tempering for hardness HB 255 ... 302 and pass them in accordance with GOST 24182-80 as not hardened.

8. The marking of the rails must correspond to that indicated in the drawing. 40, 41 and in table. eleven.

9. The rails must be accompanied by a document signed by the representative of the manufacturer and the inspector of the Ministry of Railways, certifying their compliance with the requirements of this standard and containing:

Name of the manufacturer;

Product name and method of heat treatment;

Type, class and group of rails;

The grade of steel from which the rails are made;

The designation of this standard;

Imprints or description of acceptance marks, as well as a description of marking rails with paints;

The number of rails, indicating their length and weight;

Name and address of the consumer.

Rail marking

Each new rail is marked on its neck and on one of the ends.

Marking is divided into permanent, performed during rolling and branding in hot and cold condition (see Fig. 40) and temporary or additional, performed by paint (see Table 11). Marking (see Fig. 41) is necessary for the correct laying of the rails on the track.

Old rails are also marked (Fig. 42).

Crap. 42. An example of marking old-year rails (light paint):

a- rail of group I, suitable for laying on the road without repair; b- Group II rail to be repaired (II-P); v- Group IV rail, not suitable for laying on the road (XXX)

Let's consider one of the most frequently used structural elements of the Russian railway network. The focus is on characteristics: cross-sectional area, length, height and width of the R65 frame rail head and other dimensions and parameters. In the text, we will analyze the rental, which takes the direct pressure of the wheels during the movement of the railway train, processes these loads and transfers them to the sleepers, that is, to the support. A detailed approach - in order to understand why this particular model is so in demand when creating tracks (in particular, when laying a wide gauge jointless and sectioned track). Separately, we note that the regulatory documents that determine the steel grade, design features and all other indicators are several GOSTs at once: 8161-75, 51685-2000, 51685-2013.

Purpose, description, dimensions and weight of R65 rails

These structures perform several tasks:

• determine the direction of travel of passenger and freight transport by rail;
• accept and transmit loads, thereby extending the life of both the track itself and the moving parts of the train moving along it;
• create a platform for wheels that are in contact with the working surface of only 30-50 mm of their area, which allows you to develop high speed.

Functionally, these are the upper elements of the railway track laid on sleepers fastened together. They form wide gauges, both link and jointless, with a cargo density of 25-75 million tons km/km per year. They have a fairly detailed classification: by type, quality category, smelting method, the presence of bolt holes, and so on. Type T1 is especially popular, that is, heat-strengthened, designed to create lashes of tracks with a length of 100-800 km. His marking indicates the weight of a running meter, which is equal to GOST 8161-75 - 64.72 (64.88) kg. Models with the mark K (from converter steel) are also in demand, designed for external threads of curved sections.

Rolled metal is produced both from continuous cast billets (that is, continuously cast billets) and from ingots. After release, both controlled cooling and isothermal holding can take place. The above-mentioned GOSTs impose a number of requirements on finished products - in terms of deflection, twisting, deviation (for more details, see the General Parameters section).

Elements

The design conditionally consists of three parts:

• Head - must be of such a shape as to provide reliable support for the wheel of the railway transport.
• Neck - accepts tension, resists it, transfers it to sleepers.
• Sole - consists of left and right feathers, evenly distributes the load on the surface of the support bar.

Separately, it is necessary to highlight the sinuses located on both sides of the neck and extending from the bottom of the head to the middle of the sole. Thanks to the wedge-shaped linings located in them, separate I-beam guides are connected (attention, on certain sections of the path, and not along the entire length).

Dimensions and characteristics of rail type P65

The shape of this rolled metal product is carefully calibrated, down to each slope, radius of curvature, platform. All surfaces were selected both with the help of calculations and empirically for optimal adhesion to the wheels of railway transport. And also taking into account how seriously these elements are subjected to loads. After all, their design is simply obliged to steadfastly resist deformation for decades.

We offer a comprehensive analysis of which I-beam profile line is responsible for what and why it should be just that. Let's consider L x W x H in the "General parameters" section, and here are the characteristics:

• R500 is the radius of the head, which is responsible for the centering of stresses, that is, for the coincidence of the longitudinal axes of our supporting structure and the moving part of the railway transport;
• slope 1:20 - selected in this proportion for optimal matching with wheel flanges;
• R80, R15, R370 - transitional radii needed for the closest possible contact with the moving part of the vehicle and the upper part (respectively), as well as to eliminate areas of dangerous loads;
• slopes 1:4 - made with this ratio for the correct installation of wedge-shaped linings (also playing the role of spacers);
• R3 - rounding radius so that the head is not too sharp and does not concentrate excess stress;
• R400 - transitional, you need the sole to take the load smoothly.

Before giving the length, width, height, we note that these I-beams are made of durable metal. It deserves separate consideration.

Rail steel

All subspecies of I-profiles of the series are produced from it (including RK65, P50 and P75). Why? Because it has impressive wear resistance, hardness, bending resistance. These properties are due to the composition: the M76BT grade contains 0.82% carbon, as well as a large amount of dopants (silicon, zirconium, titanium, vanadium, manganese).

The rolled metal products we are considering are either immediately smelted in open-hearth furnaces (first group) or cast from blanks (second group). But in any case, they undergo several successive types of heat treatment. The latter affects not only the strength properties, but also the cost.About what steel is used, read in .

General parameters of the R 65 rail

The following requirements apply to their production:

• inside the material there should be no delaminations (shrinkage, friability), spotty segregation, cracks, crusts (both light and dark), foreign inclusions of slag or metal;
• defects exceeding the norms agreed with the Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation and detected by means of ultrasonic testing are unacceptable;
• the surface of the product - strictly without dents, scratches, shells from scale, cracks, rolled dirt, sunsets, undercuts, rowan, birdhouses;
• the deflection arrow (both vertically and horizontally) with uniform curvature must not exceed 1/2200 or 1/2500 T1, T2, H or B-category, respectively;
• ends - without delaminations, flaws, chips, burrs, sagging; it is permissible to chamfer from the ends with a width of up to 3 or up to 5 mm, and on heat-strengthened rolled metal with bolt holes, this even needs to be done;
• deviation from straightness, when checking along the chord, vertically (rolling plane of the head) and horizontally (along the side face) should not exceed 0.3-0.5 or 0.6-0.8 mm;
• bolt hole - strictly without burrs, flaws, shrinkage (cracks, delamination) or drilling;
• the amount of twisting is not more than 1/10000 or 1/25000 of the total length and corresponds to the cross-sectional area of ​​the R65 rail of category T1, T2, H or B, respectively.

Some manufacturers modify products according to the customer's individual order. They remove the holes in the neck or harden the rolling surfaces at one or both ends, change the diameter and location of the bolt holes, and the like. Such improvements affect the final price of products. Therefore, if a product presented for sale in the PromPutSnabzhenie catalog has any of the listed features, the potential buyer will know about it without fail.

Now let's move on to the table of general characteristics:

These are precisely the general indicators, but there are also additional, but also important ones, for example, the head height parameter, which is included in the full and equal to 45 mm, or the width, which is 75 mm. There are also more specific data, such as the distribution of metal by volume or the number of welded joints. We will not bore you with them - the main thing is that all of them are presented in the technical data sheet for the products and can be requested separately when ordering.

When buying from PromPutSnabzhenie, you can not only discuss the delivery time, but also clarify each additional indicator that interests you, up to the density of open-hearth, converter or electric steel used in production. Company managers will be happy to advise and facilitate your choice.

Standard rail length P65

But this indicator is so important that we decided not to include it in the table, but to consider it separately. There are two options here:

• 12.5 m, with permissible internal curve lines of 12.42 and 12.46 m, and for a seamless railway track - 12.36 m;
• 25 m, with possible threads of 24.84 and 24.92 m.

Some production features

The ends of rolled metal ready for sale must be milled at an angle of 90 degrees to the axis plane. And with a tolerance of no more than 1 mm.

At the same time, there are I-beams of various series with identical indicators. For example, the bolt holes and the width of the head and sole in the description of the rail P 65 and P 75 are completely the same, which allows them to be joined together without problems when laying the railway track. The moments of inertia and load resistance also coincide, which makes it possible to operate the railway track for a long time without fear that one of its supporting elements will fail much earlier than the other. Design is also greatly simplified - you can create long-distance transport lines, connect and reconstruct even old junctions and interchanges.

Description

This is the most popular, well-known and frequently ordered type of I-beam guides we are considering today. “T1” in the marking means that they are heat-strengthened (that is, they have been treated with extreme temperatures), which means they are of increased strength and are able to stably withstand the most severe loads. The number "65" is the approximate weight of 1 linear meter of such a product (in the table above, we indicated that the exact weight is 64.72 kg).

Easy docking and hassle-free combination are provided. Because the dimensional characteristics of the series completely coincide with the "classic". So, for example, the height and width of the upper part of T1 are 45 and 75 mm, respectively. The radii and slopes are also identical to those presented in the diagrams.

Therefore, heat-strengthened products can be mounted on railway lines not only for special, but also for general purposes, including on access and main tracks. It is all the more convenient to lay them because they are offered in two versions - 12.5 and 25 m each. The right choice allows you to save a significant amount in the construction of an extended railway line. In the warehouse of the PromPutSnabzhenie company, both types are available - please contact and order in the required volume.

Drilling frame rail R-65 T1

It is carried out with special drills of increased neck hardness (according to Brinell - 388 HB, according to Rockwell - up to 41 HRC). These tools are also excellent for processing rolled metal of the P-50 category.

Scope of the T1 series

In addition to the areas already listed, heat-strengthened I-beams are in demand when installing lashes of the so-called "velvet" lines. Their main advantage is that they can be welded together both directly in production and in the “field conditions” using PRSM machines. It turns out that fasteners are not needed with them, which reduces the cost of laying the railway, and the load on the base due to the lack of joints will be reduced.

Another area of ​​application for products that have undergone heat treatment is the repair and reconstruction of railway tracks. The height of the R65-T1 rail with a railway lining and a sleeper is identical to the “classic” one and equals 180 mm, so it can easily replace even the oldest structure that has already worn out or received significant physical damage.

______________________

The company "PromPutSnabzhenie" provides services for the sale of railway rails throughout Russia. It sells sleepers, railway fasteners, track tools, provides services for drilling, milling, cutting, welding, repair of railway tracks, manufactures railway products. On other pages of our site, you can also find out the sizes of other samples that interest you.

We also have information about how much "Sixty-fifth" weighs. Also read on our website about and.

STATE STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

RAILWAY RAILS

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

GOSSTANDART OF RUSSIA

Foreword

1 DEVELOPED by the State Unitary Enterprise "All-Russian Research Institute of Railway Transport of the Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation", the State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation OJSC "Ural Institute of Metals", OJSC "Nizhniy Tagil Iron and Steel Works", OJSC "Kuznetsk Iron and Steel Works" INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 367 " Cast iron, rolled products and metal products” 2 ADOPTED AND INTRODUCED BY Decree of the State Standard of Russia dated December 18, 2000 No. 378-st 3 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME 4th EDITION (March 2002) with Amendment (IUS 9-2001)

STATE STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

RAILWAY RAILS

General specifications

railway rails.
General specifications

Introduction date 2001-07-01

1 Scope This standard applies to railway rails intended for link and continuous track of railways and for the production of turnouts.2 Normative references This standard uses references to the following standards: GOST 1497-84 (ISO 6892-84) Metals. Tensile test methods GOST 7502-98 Measuring metal tapes. Specifications GOST 7565-81 (ISO 377-2-89) Cast iron, steel and alloys. Sampling method for determination of chemical composition GOST 7566-94 Steel products. Acceptance, marking, packaging, transportation and storage GOST 8233-56 Steel. Microstructure standards GOST 9012-59 (ISO 410-82, ISO 6506-81) Metals. Brinell hardness measurement method GOST 9454-78 Metals. Test method for impact bending at reduced, room and elevated temperatures GOST 10243-75 Steel. Method for testing and evaluating the macrostructure GOST 17745-90 Steels and alloys. Methods for determination of gases GOST 18895-97 Steel. Photoelectric spectral analysis method GOST 22536.1-88 Carbon steel and unalloyed cast iron. Methods for determination of total carbon and graphite GOST 22536.2-87 Carbon steel and unalloyed cast iron. Methods for determination of sulfur GOST 22536.3-88 Carbon steel and unalloyed cast iron. Methods for determination of phosphorus GOST 22536.4-88 Carbon steel and unalloyed cast iron. Methods for determining silicon GOST 22536.5-87 (ISO 629-82) Carbon steel and unalloyed cast iron. Methods for determination of manganese GOST 22536.7-88 Carbon steel and unalloyed cast iron. Methods for determination of chromium GOST 22536.8-87 Carbon steel and unalloyed cast iron. Methods for determining copper GOST 22536.9-88 Carbon steel and unalloyed cast iron. Nickel determination methods GOST 22536.10-88 Carbon steel and unalloyed cast iron. Methods for determining aluminum GOST 22536.11-87 Carbon steel and unalloyed cast iron. Titanium determination methods GOST 22536.12-88 Carbon steel and unalloyed cast iron. Vanadium determination methods GOST 26877-91 Steel products. Methods for measuring shape deviations GOST 28033-89 Steel. X-ray fluorescence analysis method GOST 30415-96 Steel. Non-destructive testing of mechanical properties and microstructure of metal products by magnetic method GOST R 8.563-96 State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Methods for performing measurements GOST R 50542-93 Ferrous metal products for the superstructure of rail tracks. Terms and Definitions

3 Definitions

4 Classification

5 Construction and dimensions

Figure 1 - Main dimensions of the cross section of the rail

Table 1

In millimeters

table 2

In millimeters

Figure 2 - Location of bolt holes

Table 3

Dimensions in mm

Table 4

Table 5

Examples of rail designation: type P65, category T1 made of M76T steel, 25 m long with three bolt holes at both ends of the rail:

Rail R65-T1-M76T-25-3/2 GOST R 51685-2000

6 Technical requirements

Table 6 - Chemical composition of steel

Table 7

Table 8

Table 9

Table 10 - Drop height and sample temperature during impact testing

7 Acceptance rules

Table 11 - The procedure for conducting primary acceptance tests

8 Control methods

Figure 3 - Scheme of microsection cutting

Contamination with non-metallic inclusions is assessed by the maximum line length found when viewing all six sections. 8.8. The macrostructure of rails (6.7) is revealed by deep etching of the surface of transverse templates of the full section of the rail, obtained from selected samples by cold machining (gouging, grinding) according to the GOST 10243 method. rail or directly from the ends of the controlled rails after appropriate preparation of the surface of the ends in accordance with GOST 10243. The assessment of macrostructure defects is carried out according to scales agreed by the manufacturer with the Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation. 8.9. Heat-strengthened rails are subjected to ultrasonic non-destructive testing for the presence of internal defects (6.8) according to the methodology agreed with the Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation. Category B rails are controlled by the cross section of the neck and head. 8.10. Quality control of the surface, ends and bolt holes of rails (6.10 - 6.12) is carried out by external inspection. If necessary, the presence and depth of surface defects and delaminations at the ends are checked by test cutting, local "lightening" with an abrasive tool, or in another way that guarantees the correctness of the determination. Stratification or splitting of chips during punching is considered a sign of a defect. Category B rails (6.9) are subjected to non-destructive instrumental quality control of the tread surface and sole base according to the methodology agreed with the Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation. (Changed edition. Rev. No. 1) 8.1.1 Determination of the mechanical properties of rails (6.13) is carried out according to GOST 1497 by tensile testing of cylindrical samples with a diameter of 6 mm and an initial estimated length of the working part of 30 mm. Sample blanks should be located along the rolling direction in the upper part of the head in the fillet zone as close as possible to the surface at a distance of at least 150 mm from the end of the rail. 8.12. Determination of the impact strength of heat-strengthened rails (6.13) is carried out on samples of type 1 according to GOST 9454. Sample blanks for testing for impact strength are cut along the rolling direction from the upper part of the head in the fillet zone as close as possible to the surface at a distance of at least 150 mm from the end of the rail. 8.13. The hardness of heat-strengthened rails (6.14) is controlled in accordance with GOST 9012. The hardness on the tread surface is determined by the average longitudinal line of the head at both ends of the rail at a distance of not more than 1 m from the ends and in the middle part along the length of the rail. The hardness test site must be cleaned to remove scale and a decarburized metal layer. The cross-sectional hardness of the rails is determined on a transverse rail template with a thickness of at least 20 mm, cut at a distance of at least 150 mm from the end of the rail. Hardness is determined on the tread surface of the template head and at four points of the cross section: in the head at a distance of 10 and 22 mm from the tread surface along the vertical axis of the rail, in the middle of the neck and on the foot of the sole at a distance of 9 mm from its edge. 8.14. The impact tests (6.15) are subjected to a full-profile rail test with a length of (1300 ± 50) mm. The sample is placed horizontally with the head up on two supports with radii of curvature (125 ± 2) mm and a distance between the axes of the supports (1000 ± 5) mm. Mass of the falling load copra - (1000 ± 3) kg, the radius of curvature of the striker of the falling load is (125 ± 2) mm. The sample is subjected to a single impact with a load falling from a given height (table 10). The temperature of the sample shall be as specified in 6.15. 8.15. Residual stresses (6.16) are controlled by the displacement of the edges of the groove cut in the neck of the rail. A sample with a length of (600 ± 3) mm is cut out at a distance of at least 1.5 m from the end of the finished rail and cut in a cold state along the neutral axis of the rail to a length of (400 ± 3) mm. The width of the slot to be cut must be (6 ± 1) mm. The offset of the groove edges is determined as the difference in the height of the rail along the axis at the notched end before and after the notch is made. 8.16. The microstructure (6.17) is controlled on a microsection cut from the upper half of the rail head using an optical microscope at a magnification of at least 400. The microstructure is detected by etching in accordance with GOST 8233. It is allowed to carry out control on a microsection cut from the head of a specimen for tensile testing. 8.17. By agreement with the Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation, it is allowed to carry out non-destructive testing of rail contamination with non-metallic inclusions (6.5), mechanical properties in tension and impact strength (6.13), hardness (6.14) and residual stresses (6.16) according to GOST 30415 or other methods certified according to GOST R 8.563 .

9 Transport and storage

APPENDIX A

(mandatory)

Rail dimensions used to build rolling gauges

Figure A.1 - Rail type P50

Figure A.2 - Rail type P65

Figure A.3 - Rail type P65K

Figure A.4 - Rail type P75

APPENDIX B

(reference)

Design parameters of the rail design

Table B.1

GOST 8161-75*
(ST SEV 1667-79)

Group B42

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF THE SSR

RAILWAY RAILS TYPE R65

Design and dimensions

Railway rails type P65.
Design and dimensions

Introduction date 1977-01-01

INTRODUCED BY Decree of the State Committee for Standards of the Council of Ministers of the USSR dated June 18, 1975 N 1573

The validity period was removed by decision of the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (IUS 2-93)

INSTEAD OF GOST 8161-63

REPUBLICATION (June 1994) with Changes N 1, 2, 3, approved in May 1979, January 1981, April 1985 (IUS 7-79, 3-81, 7-85).

1. This standard applies to hardened and unhardened railway rails type P65 and specifies their design and dimensions.

The standard complies with ST SEV 1667-79 in terms of the design of the rail and the regulation of methods for welding short rails.

2. The design and dimensions of the cross-section of the rails must correspond to those indicated in Fig. 1 or 1a, and the location and dimensions of the holes in the neck at the ends of the rails - in Fig. 2-6.

Holes according to drawings 4-6 are made by the consumer.

Damn.1

Damn.1a

Damn.1a

Damn.2

_________________
* The chamfer is performed on volume-hardened rails.

Note. (Excluded, Rev. N 2).

Damn.3

Damn.4

Damn.5

Damn.6

At the request of the consumer, the rails can be made without holes in the neck and without hardening of the head rolling surface at one or both ends.

At the request of the consumer, it is allowed to change the location, number and diameter of holes at the ends of the rails.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1, 2).

3. The maximum deviations in the convexity of the head when measured along the axis of symmetry of the transverse profile of the rail should be ± 0.5 mm, and along the uniform convexity of the sole - 0.5 mm. Concavity of the rail sole is not allowed.

An example of a symbol for a railway rail type P65, length 25 m, version 1:

Rail 1 R65-25 GOST 8161-75

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2).

4. Deviation from the symmetry of the cross-sectional profile of the rail relative to its vertical axis is not allowed: along the sole - more than 1 mm and along the head - more than 0.3 mm.

For the design (Fig. 1a), the deviation from the symmetry of the sole relative to the head should not exceed 2.15 mm.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2, 3).

5. The edges of the holes in the neck of the rail should be chamfered in size from 1 to 2 mm at an angle of about 45 °.

On volume-hardened rails chamfering in accordance with GOST 18267-82.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 3).

6. The length of the rails must correspond to that indicated in the table.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2).

7. Contact or gas-pressure welding of rails up to 25 m long is allowed from rails with a length of at least 6 m, made of steel of one smelting method. The number of pieces in the welded rail should be determined by agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer.

8. Technical requirements for non-hardened rails - according to GOST 24182-80, for body-hardened rails - according to GOST 18267-82.

9. Compliance with the design and dimensions of the cross section of the rail with the requirements of this standard is determined by templates at a distance of not more than 200 mm from the end of the controlled rail. Use of other devices is not allowed. The location of the bolt holes according to Fig. 1 is controlled along the wedge part of the sinus, and according to Fig. 1a - relative to the sole of the rail.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2).

10. Calculated data are given in the appendix to this standard.

APPENDIX (reference). Rail Design Design Data

APPENDIX
Reference

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2).

The text of the document is verified by:
official publication
M.: Publishing house of standards, 1994