Inbound tourism. Domestic inbound tourism, development of inbound tourism in Russia. Features of the organization of outbound tourism Inbound tourism responsibilities tour operator

ROSTOV REGION ADMINISTRATION
Ministry of Economy, Trade, International and Foreign Economic Relations
Tourism Development Department

ORGANIZATION OF TOURIST ACTIVITIES,
OR WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

FOR BEGINNING TOUR OPERATORS AND TRAVEL AGENTS

Toolkit

How to become a travel agent from scratch at home in Russia and Ukraine

Rostov-on-Don

1. General information about tourism activities, the relationship between the tour operator, travel agent and consumer of tourism services 4

2. Registration of a tour operator and a travel agent, financial support, the procedure for entering information into the Unified Federal Register of Tour Operators 6

3. Rules for the implementation of tourist services 14

4. Requirements for organizations planning to receive foreign tourists 24

6. Wage labor and staff relations 36

7. Taxation 42

8. Control (supervision) over the activities of the travel agency. 47

9. Legal responsibility of the travel agency. Protection of consumer rights in the provision of tourism services. 68

10. State support for start-up entrepreneurs 83

APPENDIX 86

Reference 97

Introduction
Tourism is one of the most important areas of the modern economy, aimed at meeting the needs of people and improving the quality of life of the population.

An analysis of the current state of tourism in the Russian Federation shows that in recent years this area has generally been developing steadily. There is an annual growth in the domestic tourist flow.

It is also obvious that the country's tourism potential is far from being fully utilized, and the creation of conditions for high-quality recreation on the territory of Russia largely depends on the degree of development of the tourist services market.

Currently, the most promising types of tourism in the world tourism market, growing at an outstripping pace, are:

- cultural and educational tourism, covering 10% of the total international tourist flow and characterized by a high average rate of tourist spending;

- active types of tourism, such as sports and adventure tourism, which are becoming more and more popular in the world;

- specialized tourism, implying such varieties as ecological, scientific, educational, event-driven, health-improving, etc .;

- cruise - sea and river cruises, in which in 2006 more than 12 million tourists participated;

- business tourism, covering the so-called MICE industry (business meetings, events, conferences, incentive trips).

The Rostov region has all the conditions to successfully engage in activities in the field of tourism.

If you have decided to create a travel agency or you want your company to take up tourism activities, we hope that this methodological guide will be a source of useful information for you.

1. General information about tourism activities, the relationship between the tour operator, travel agent and consumer of tourism services

The federal law "On the fundamentals of tourist activity in the Russian Federation", which is basic for the tourism sector (hereinafter - Tourism Law) understands by tourist activities 1 tour operator and travel agency activities, as well as other travel organization activities.

Tour operator activity is an activity on the formation, promotion and sale of a tourist product, carried out by a legal entity - a tour operator, and travel agency activities- activities only to promote and sell a tourist product, while travel agent can be both a legal entity and an individual entrepreneur.

Concerning other travel arrangements, then such activities can, with a certain degree of convention, include the activities of public tourist associations, educational institutions for organizing travel. In the Law on Tourism itself, the concept of other activities is not disclosed. Thus, tourism is primarily understood as an entrepreneurial activity in the provision of tourism services.

Tourism product - it is precisely a complex of transportation and accommodation services provided for a total price under an agreement on the sale of a tourist product.

Tourism product can shape only tour operator, which is ultimately responsible for its quality, that is, for the quality of the services provided to the tourist. After the tourist product is formed, the tour operator can either engage in its own promotion and sale, or entrust this to the travel agent by concluding an agency agreement with him.

Ideally, for the end customer of tourist services (it can be either the tourist himself or another person), it should not matter who exactly "sold" the tourist product to him - a tour operator or a travel agent.
Relationship between tour operator and travel agent
As it was implemented in practice, and now it has become enshrined in law, the promotion and sale of a tourist product by a travel agent is carried out on the basis of an agreement concluded between the tour operator and the travel agent. The travel agent promotes and sells the tourist product on behalf of and on behalf of the tour operator, and in the cases provided for by the agreement concluded between the tour operator and the travel agent, on his own behalf.

The text of the Law on Tourism provides for the provisions that must be contained in the agreement concluded between the tour operator and the travel agent:

- conditions for the promotion and sale of a tourist product by a travel agent;

- the powers of the travel agent to make transactions with tourists and (or) other customers on behalf of the tour operator;

- a condition providing for the possibility (impossibility) of the travel agent concluding sub-agency agreements;

- the procedure for interaction between a tour operator and a travel agent in the event of claims from tourists or other customers under an agreement on the sale of a tourist product;

- a condition providing for the possibility of making payments to tourists and (or) other customers of insurance compensation under a tour operator's liability insurance contract or payment of a sum of money under a bank guarantee in the event of an agreement on the sale of a tourist product between a tourist and (or) another customer and a travel agent;

- mutual responsibility of the tour operator and the travel agent, as well as the responsibility of each of the parties to the tourist and (or) other customer for failure to submit or submission of false information about the tourist product, for non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment of obligations under the agreement on the sale of the tourist product.

In fact, for tour operators and travel agents, the Law on Tourism leaves only one option for cooperation - through the conclusion agency agreement(Chapter 52 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, hereinafter referred to as the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).

According to article 1005 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, under an agency agreement, one party (agent - travel agent) undertakes, for a fee, to perform legal and other actions on behalf of the other party (the principal - tour operator) on its own behalf, but at the expense of the principal, or on behalf of and at the expense of the principal.
From this regulation of relations between a tour operator and a travel agent, important features of the relationship between the customer of the tourist product, on the one hand, and the tour operator and travel agent, on the other, follow.

A tourist or other customer of a tourist product enters into an agreement with a tour operator or travel agent for the sale of a tourist product. At the same time, regardless of with whom he concludes the specified agreement, the person providing him with tourist services is the tour operator. That is, even if the tour operator is not a party to the agreement on the sale of a tourist product, it is he who is the contractor under the agreement, which the travel agent must indicate in the text of the agreement (Article 10.1 of the Law on Tourism).

Thus, in fact, the travel agent is disconnected from the chain tour operator - travel agent - tourist... On the one hand, this is beneficial for the travel agent, since in case of improper provision of services, claims will be made to the tour operator. On the other hand, large tour operators often impose on travel agents the terms of an agency agreement that are not the most convenient for agents.
Summing up the first section, we can say that in general, the system of regulation of tourist activities considers the tour operator as a key figure in such activities.

Articles

How to become an outbound tourism tour operator

Young Heychar's school

If the decision to open a travel agency has been made, first you should study the industry legislation. The legal side of the tourist business is regulated by the law N 132-ФЗ dated 24.11.96 "On the basics of tourist activity in the Russian Federation".

According to the document, tourism is international (inbound and outbound) and domestic, and travel services are provided by tour operators and travel agents, go here how to become a tour operator for external tourism.

Tour Operators- legal entities that independently develop tourism products (tours), promote and sell them. The mission of the operators is for the tourist to see Paris and ... return home safely.

Instructions: how to open a travel agency at home

Therefore, the law obliges them to have financial security in the form of a bank guarantee or insurance. All tour operators operating under the law are included in the Unified Federal Register, and those working on the organization of outbound travel must also be members of the relevant associations.

Travel agents- legal entities or individual entrepreneurs that are the link between the tourist and the tour operator. This side sells tours designed by tour operators and earns on commissions. Relations between tour operators and travel agents are regulated by agency agreements, which stipulate the amount of remuneration - 5-16% of the cost of the sold tour.

The responsibilities of the travel agent are listed in the agency agreement and generally include:

The Association of Tour Operators of Russia demands to ensure safety when organizing children's recreation

Step-by-step instructions for opening a travel agency

A tourism manager is a specialist who organizes tourist trips. The profession of a tourism manager is one of the interesting fields of activity. It gives you a chance to visit different parts of the world and earn good money at the same time.

The main task of a tourism manager is to help a tourist choose a country and a tour, as well as organize a good rest. The specialist advises clients, prepares the necessary documents, makes insurance, a visa, buys plane or train tickets, reservations hotels and solves other problems for the client.

Places of work

The position of tourism manager is always held by travel agencies and tour operators.

History of the profession

At the beginning of the 19th century in France in the explanatory dictionary the concept of "tourist" was formed - a person who travels to various countries of the world in order to kill time, or out of curiosity. In the same period, railways began to be built, shipbuilding was actively developing, the first aviation began to appear, and hotels and sanatoriums began to be made from estates and other houses. As a result, at the beginning of the 20th century, tourism became a mass phenomenon, and the profession of a tourism manager was a prestigious and necessary activity.

Duties of a tourism manager

The duties of a tourism manager are as follows:

Attracting new customers and selling travel vouchers (processing online applications, incoming calls);
Client consultation, selection of optimal tours;
Registration of insurance, visas, passports and other documents;
Hotel room reservation;
Purchase or booking of tickets (air, railway, buses, etc.);
Booking services for clients (excursions, meeting at the airport, car rental, meals, etc.).

The responsibilities of a tourism manager also include resolving conflict situations with clients and contractors. For example, if the plane is canceled, the customs will not let tourists in, the airline will place the child and the parents on different planes, and much more.

Requirements for a tourism manager

The main requirements for tourism managers are:

Experience in tourism;
PC ownership;

Sometimes additional requirements are put forward such as:

Knowledge of major tourist destinations and resorts;
Knowledge of the market of tour operators;
Sales experience;
Knowledge of a foreign language (most often, English).

Resume sample

A sample resume of a tourism manager.

How to become a tourism manager

If you want to become a manager in the field of tourism and if you love travel, then even without work experience you can easily get a job in a travel agency as an assistant manager. However, in order to run a separate tourist destination or organize serious tours, a tourism manager must know a foreign language, be able to sell, resolve conflicts and have more than 1.5 years of experience in tourism.

Tourism manager salary

The salary of a tourism manager usually consists of a set rate and a percentage of package sales, and therefore depends on the number of tours sold and the season. The income of a qualified tourism manager can be 80 thousand rubles, with a salary of 15 thousand. The average salary of a tourism manager is 35 thousand rubles a month.

Where to get training

In addition to higher education, there are a number of short-term studies on the market, usually from a week to a year.

Interregional Academy of Construction and Industrial Complex and its courses in the direction of "Tourism Manager".

Modern scientific and technical academy and a number of its courses in the direction of "Tourism".

In Europe and America, people have long been abandoning the services of large agencies and companies in favor of independent consultants. Similar tendencies are observed in our country.

Becoming a tour operator is an opportunity to create an excellent launching pad for the further development of your own business.

What attracts people to this work? High salaries, constant travel ... For many, the life of a travel agent seems like a real fairy tale. But at the same time, almost no one dares to take any decisive steps towards the fulfillment of their dreams. Do you want to be among them? Then this article is for you!

Step 1. Training

When interested in how to become a tour operator, you first need to figure out where and how you will be trained.

There are two options here: regular colleges and universities, and special operator training schools.

The first option is attractive in that you will study in depth all disciplines related to tourism and hospitality, you will receive a huge theoretical knowledge base. However, it will take several years to complete the entire course of study. An alternative is distance learning. Actually, in the educational institution itself, you will appear 2-3 times a year, and the rest of the time you can use in order to prepare the ground for further work.

If you want to get the most useful practical information and get started as soon as possible, it would be more logical to enroll in a special operator training school. Here you will learn how to become a tour operator, get an overview of travel destinations, sales and booking systems, marketing, and more.

Step 2. Obtaining certification

Working as a tour operator is impossible without obtaining certification. For your future clients, this will be proof of your competence and deep knowledge of the specifics of your business. Therefore, they will trust you much more.

As a rule, the corresponding certificates can be obtained at the place of study. But some people turn to CLIA International, which offers certification programs that are well known and respected in the travel industry.

Step 3. Obtaining a license

If you want you to have your own travel agency, it is better to register your business in a legal entity (CJSC, LLC, etc.). But for those who want to become a travel agent (that is, an intermediary between a travel agency and its clients), it will be enough to register as an individual entrepreneur - an individual entrepreneur. To obtain a license, you will need to pay a state fee in the amount of 1,300 rubles.

Please be aware that the license for the sale and pre-booking of air travel must be issued separately. Certification conditions are dictated by the Federal Aviation Regulations. At the same time, certain requirements are imposed on the premises, personnel, security systems and booking. If you intend to sell not only vouchers, but also air tickets, you will need to conclude an agreement with the airline and obtain this certificate.

Having decided to become a travel agent, it is very important to choose the right OKVED codes. The most commonly used code is 63.30 - "Activities of travel agencies". In addition, it is advisable to apply for inclusion in the All-Russian Register of Travel Agencies.

Step 4. Choosing a tour operator company

This is perhaps the most important stage. The travel agent can independently choose which of the many operators to cooperate with. When choosing, one should take into account the amount of remuneration, the company's reputation in the market and the convenience of work.

An important question faced by almost everyone who is interested in how to become a travel agent: "Where to look for these very operators?" The easiest way to do this is by visiting specialized travel fairs, exhibitions, etc. It is best to "catch your luck" in Moscow, where such events are held annually (MITT, MITF, Intourmarket, Otdykh). Hundreds of representatives of various companies and organizations gather here. As they say, there is plenty to choose from. In addition, you can visit similar regional exhibitions.

Various conferences and fairs are also held in the workshop format by professional travel publications (Tourbusiness, Banco, Turinfo, Travel Expert consulting group, etc.). The atmosphere at the workshop is, as a rule, more relaxed and business-like than at the exhibitions. There are more opportunities to meet partners, discuss important issues and tune in to work.

Step 5. Conclusion of the contract

And now we get to the most important thing. How to become a travel agent? After you have decided on the choice of a tour operator, you will need to sign an agency agreement. Under the terms of such a document, you will receive a reward for each tour sold. The amount of remuneration may vary, but on average it is about 10-15% of the cost of the tour itself. If in the future you will prove yourself well in the eyes of the tour operator and will successfully sell vouchers, the percentage that you receive from each transaction may increase.

In addition, partners of travel agencies that are part of the agent Networks (for example, "Kuda.ru" or the "Burning Vouchers" chain of stores) receive an increased commission. Due to powerful corporate support, agencies that are part of such networks (which, by the way, are not so easy to get into), have the opportunity to deduct a fairly large percentage of their income.

Step 6. Advertising

Let's say you have already found a suitable company and entered into a contract. Done: now you are a tour operator in Italy, France, Greece or Russia. It would seem that everything is going well, but ... But no, for some reason in a few weeks you managed to sell only a few vouchers. And then to my friends. This is where the lack of advertising for your services affects.

First of all, we would recommend that you pay attention to the numerous publications, catalogs and applications that publish travel advertising. Of course, it is not easy to stand out among hundreds and thousands of other offers. And therefore, first of all, you need to decide on your target audience.

First, what is a “tour operator”. Tour operator (tourist (tourist) operator) - an organization engaged in the packaging of tours and the formation of a range of services for tourists. The tour operator develops tourist routes, ensures the functioning of tours and the provision of services, prepares advertising and information publications, calculates prices for tours, transfers tours to travel agents for their subsequent sale to tourists. In addition, there are functions that the tour operator must perform. These include:

· Study of the needs of potential tourists for tours and tourist programs.
· Drawing up perspective service programs.
Interaction with tour service providers on a contractual basis
· Calculation of the cost of the tour and determination of its price, taking into account the market situation, and so on.

By type of activity, tour operators are:

- by mass market operators - they sell a large number of travel packages, which often include charter flights to specific destinations, mainly to mass tourism sites.
- specialized operators - they specialize in a specific product or market segment (in a specific country, in a specific type of tourism, and so on).

In turn, specialized operators are divided into tour operators:

- special interest (for example, organizing a safari in Africa);
- a special destination (for example, firms specializing only in England or Spain);
- a certain clientele (youth, business tours, family tours, and so on);
- special destinations (for example, camp sites and the like);
- using a certain type of transport (buses, motor ships, and so on);

According to the place of activity, tour operators are:

- local (internal). They make up tour packages with itineraries within the country of residence.
- visiting. They orient tour packages to foreign countries.
- operators at the reception. They are based at their destination and serve incoming tourists for the benefit of other operators and agents.

In addition, tour operators can be subdivided into proactive and receptive.

In Russia, tour operator firms are entered into the Unified Federal Register of Tour Operators of the Federal Agency for Tourism of the Russian Federation and receive a unique number that begins with a code that depends on the amount of financial support for tour operator activities.

What is tour operator activity. Tour operator activity is an activity on the formation, promotion and sale of a tourist product, carried out by a legal entity.

The world's largest tour operator companies:

Thomas Cook Group
TUI
Bentour International

In Russia, these are:

· "Bentour International"
· "Intourist"
· "Russian Express"
· "TEZ Tour"
· "Pegas Touristik"
· "Capital Tour"
· "Natalie Tours"
· "Neva"
· "S7 Tour"
· "Mostravel"
· "Anex Tour"
· "Academservice", etc.

And it is natural that certain requirements are imposed on persons engaged in tour operator activities, that is, on tour operators.

Tour operator availability:

Office
Modern computer technologies and modern information technology
Professionally trained staff
Registration of a tourist company
Availability of a certificate of conformity for the safety and quality of tourist services
Accreditation in the presence of an agreement with the bank on financial guarantees in accordance with the types of activities of the tour operator

For tour operators involved in inbound tourism, the law on tourism sets the amount of financial security at 10 million rubles. And for tour operators involved in outbound tourism: - 100 million rubles. - if the funds received by them from the sale of a tourist product exceed 300 million rubles. according to the annual financial statements.

For tour operators operating in the field of domestic tourism, the amount of financial support remained the same - 500,000 rubles.

The above financial guarantees have been introduced for the activities of tour operators in order to protect the rights and interests of tourists, as well as persons engaged in tour operator activities.

The presence of a tour operator's guarantees is confirmed by a certificate of registration in the Unified Federal Register of Tour Operators (at the Federal Agency for Tourism). This certificate contains:

Number and date of issue
The name of the authority that issued the certificate
Tour operator name
Address data
· Registry number
Type of activity of the tour operator
The type and amount of financial guarantees

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