Double socket rj 45. Step-by-step instructions for installing a double socket. Payment method for legal entities

Despite the rapid development of wireless communications, RJ-45 sockets are still indispensable elements of the structured cabling system of a modern building. We offer to consider their device, types, pinout options and installation methods. The apparent simplicity of the question can be misleading, since there are certain nuances that need to be paid attention to.

Design features

Despite the variety of types of twisted-pair sockets, their design is almost identical, with the exception of small details. Let's take a typical external single-port device as an example.

Designations:

• A is a plastic cover.
• B is the base.
• C is a functional board with a standard connector installed on it.
• D - convectors for twisted pair connection.
• E - tie for fixing the cable.
• F - socket for connector.

Outwardly, the socket resembles a telephone standard RJ-11, the main difference is the number of connector pins, there are eight of them, not four. Accordingly, a computer socket can be used as a telephone socket, but not vice versa.

Different types of devices may have minor characteristic features, but in general the design concept remains unchanged.

Types and characteristics

The main parameters of these switching devices are determined by the following criteria:

1. Number of ports.
2. Category.
3. Execution.

Let's briefly talk about each of them.

More doesn't mean better.

One of the main parameters is the number of ports. As a rule, they can be from one to four. If you want to use more connections, then it is easier to install a patch panel, but such a need indicates ill-conceived network wiring. In addition, it should be borne in mind that a large number of patch cords connected nearby causes some inconvenience.

In practice, when organizing an office or home LAN, one and two-unit modules are mainly used.

This parameter is directly related to the characteristics of the cable used to install the computer network. We are talking about the bandwidth, which determines both the speed of data transfer and the possibility of using special network technologies. Below is a table that shows the relationship of category to bandwidth.

Currently, when installing a LAN, cables with a category below 5e are practically not used.

Execution.

The method of mounting the switching device depends on this parameter. There are two versions:

• for external (external) installation (such sockets are shown in figures 1 and 2);
• for indoor installation.

As a rule, the choice of one or another version depends on how the LAN wiring is done. If it is external (for example, laid in boxes), external sockets are used. In cases where hidden wiring is done, internal devices look more aesthetically pleasing.

Separately, it is necessary to highlight the sockets that are installed directly on the box. Technically, such a design can be considered both internal and external.

The performance of the LAN is not affected by the execution.

Modular designs.

Speaking of performance, one cannot fail to mention modular designs. This solution allows you to assemble a socket in a standard case for a certain combination, for example, install it in RJ-45 and RJ-11 modules or with a different category.

RJ-45 pinout

There should be no problems with this, since each contact group is color-coded in accordance with the T568A and T568B standards (it can be marked with the letters "A" and "B", as in the figure below).

It doesn't matter which standard is used, the main thing is that it be of the same type for the LAN, otherwise problems are guaranteed. It is believed that we have adopted a “swaging” of the T568B type, but this is a rather conditional statement.

If you do not know which standard your provider uses, then you can install it by pinouting the connector installed on the cable that enters the apartment.

Detailed connection instructions

Let's start with the tool that will be needed to terminate twisted-pair sockets. Ideally, it is desirable to purchase a universal extractor (shown in Figure 9). It allows you to crimp and cut the rest of the wire in one motion. Thanks to Chinese manufacturers, such a universal tool costs about 3-4 dollars. The price of branded products can be 2-3 times more expensive.

This tool has a special mechanism that allows you to press the wire between two contact knives and cut off its excess (3 in Fig. 9). In addition, it is equipped with a flat screwdriver (2) and a hook (1) that allows you to remove the wire in case of incorrect termination. The cost of a universal extractor is relatively low, and the benefits are quite tangible.

No less useful will be universal pliers for stripping insulation. They cost about the same as an extractor, they can cut a cable Ø3.5-9 mm such as UTP, STP, FTP. It is possible to adjust the depth of the cut.

It is undesirable to use a stripping knife, since in this case there is a high probability of damaging one of the cores of the twisted pair.

Having dealt with the necessary tool, let's move on to the algorithm for embedding a twisted pair into a switching device. We will proceed from the fact that the cable has already been laid, the seat for the socket has been prepared. The procedure is as follows:

1. Using universal pliers, cut off the outer insulation layer from the end of the wire. It is enough to bare 4-5 centimeters. You need to act carefully so as not to damage the wires. If this happens, cut off the damaged area, adjust the depth of the cut and repeat the operation.
2. After removing the insulation, level each of the pairs. Please note that there is no need to clean them. Each contact of the platform has special micro knives that cut the insulation and provide reliable contact and fixation of the wire.
3. We disassemble the socket. To do this, remove the front panel. To do this, unscrew the fixing screw or unfasten the special latches (depending on the design). If a modular socket is used, the modules must be removed from the socket.
4. We fix the cable on the module using a tie (E in Fig. 1) or in another way provided for by the design.
5. We insert the wires into the clamps, while it is necessary to adhere to the color marking of the selected standard. Do not try to drown the cores deep, just fix them with a little effort (A Fig. 11).
6. Using the extractor, we perform pressing (In Fig. 11).

At this stage, we will make a small digression regarding the use of available tools for pressing. Sometimes you can find tips in which, in the absence of the necessary tool for pressing, it is recommended to use a clerical knife or a thin slotted screwdriver. This approach can be used only as a last resort, when you urgently need access to the network, but there is no tool at hand. But in the future, such an outlet must be pinched. Otherwise, it is likely that the wire will lose contact with the latch after a while.

We also note that many branded manufacturers attach a simple plastic extractor to each outlet, which allows you to securely close the wire, after which it remains only to carefully cut off its excess.

1. After pressing, the module is installed in place. If the socket is external, then its base is screwed to the prepared site, so that the cable is supplied from above, and the connector for the connector is from below. When installing an internal socket, its base is installed in the prepared glass and fixed in it.
2. We fasten the front panel, after which we check the performance. You can do this with a special tester, but it's easier to connect a computer and check for a network connection. If problems arise, then first of all check the correctness of the pinout, as practice shows, in 90% of cases the reason lies precisely in this.

When using a shielded cable, you must install an appropriate socket that has a shield connection. Otherwise, it turns into a large antenna, which will not be slow to affect the bandwidth, and, consequently, the data transfer rate. For the same reason, you should not use an STP or FTP cable if ungrounded equipment is connected to it.

Twisted-pair LAN technology requires the use of complete lines. Twisting, adhesions are unacceptable, this leads to serious losses. If, nevertheless, it became necessary to extend a piece of cable, special connectors should be used for this purpose.

These devices are a box in which a board is installed with two RJ-45 connectors (A in Fig. 12), or twisted-pair latches, like sockets (B in Fig. 12).

It is not recommended to use sockets with more than two ports in domestic conditions. A large number of patch cords in one place will cause them to become tangled. It is better to spread the sockets at some distance.

Despite the rapid development of wireless communications, RJ-45 sockets are still indispensable elements of the structured cabling system of a modern building. We offer to consider their device, types, pinout options and installation methods. The apparent simplicity of the question can be misleading, since there are certain nuances that need to be paid attention to.

Design features

Despite the variety of types of twisted-pair sockets, their design is almost identical, with the exception of small details. Let's take a typical external single-port device as an example.

Designations:

• A is a plastic cover.
• B is the base.
• C is a functional board with a standard connector installed on it.
• D - convectors for twisted pair connection.
• E - tie for fixing the cable.
• F - socket for connector.

Outwardly, the socket resembles a telephone standard RJ-11, the main difference is the number of connector pins, there are eight of them, not four. Accordingly, a computer socket can be used as a telephone socket, but not vice versa.

Different types of devices may have minor characteristic features, but in general the design concept remains unchanged.

Types and characteristics

The main parameters of these switching devices are determined by the following criteria:

1. Number of ports.
2. Category.
3. Execution.

Let's briefly talk about each of them.

More doesn't mean better.

One of the main parameters is the number of ports. As a rule, they can be from one to four. If you want to use more connections, then it is easier to install a patch panel, but such a need indicates ill-conceived network wiring. In addition, it should be borne in mind that a large number of patch cords connected nearby causes some inconvenience.

In practice, when organizing an office or home LAN, one and two-unit modules are mainly used.

This parameter is directly related to the characteristics of the cable used to install the computer network. We are talking about the bandwidth, which determines both the speed of data transfer and the possibility of using special network technologies. Below is a table that shows the relationship of category to bandwidth.

Currently, when installing a LAN, cables with a category below 5e are practically not used.

Execution.

The method of mounting the switching device depends on this parameter. There are two versions:

• for external (external) installation (such sockets are shown in figures 1 and 2);
• for indoor installation.

As a rule, the choice of one or another version depends on how the LAN wiring is done. If it is external (for example, laid in boxes), external sockets are used. In cases where hidden wiring is done, internal devices look more aesthetically pleasing.

Separately, it is necessary to highlight the sockets that are installed directly on the box. Technically, such a design can be considered both internal and external.

The performance of the LAN is not affected by the execution.

Modular designs.

Speaking of performance, one cannot fail to mention modular designs. This solution allows you to assemble a socket in a standard case for a certain combination, for example, install it in RJ-45 and RJ-11 modules or with a different category.

RJ-45 pinout

There should be no problems with this, since each contact group is color-coded in accordance with the T568A and T568B standards (it can be marked with the letters "A" and "B", as in the figure below).

It doesn't matter which standard is used, the main thing is that it be of the same type for the LAN, otherwise problems are guaranteed. It is believed that we have adopted a “swaging” of the T568B type, but this is a rather conditional statement.

If you do not know which standard your provider uses, then you can install it by pinouting the connector installed on the cable that enters the apartment.

Detailed connection instructions

Let's start with the tool that will be needed to terminate twisted-pair sockets. Ideally, it is desirable to purchase a universal extractor (shown in Figure 9). It allows you to crimp and cut the rest of the wire in one motion. Thanks to Chinese manufacturers, such a universal tool costs about 3-4 dollars. The price of branded products can be 2-3 times more expensive.

This tool has a special mechanism that allows you to press the wire between two contact knives and cut off its excess (3 in Fig. 9). In addition, it is equipped with a flat screwdriver (2) and a hook (1) that allows you to remove the wire in case of incorrect termination. The cost of a universal extractor is relatively low, and the benefits are quite tangible.

No less useful will be universal pliers for stripping insulation. They cost about the same as an extractor, they can cut a cable Ø3.5-9 mm such as UTP, STP, FTP. It is possible to adjust the depth of the cut.

It is undesirable to use a stripping knife, since in this case there is a high probability of damaging one of the cores of the twisted pair.

Having dealt with the necessary tool, let's move on to the algorithm for embedding a twisted pair into a switching device. We will proceed from the fact that the cable has already been laid, the seat for the socket has been prepared. The procedure is as follows:

1. Using universal pliers, cut off the outer insulation layer from the end of the wire. It is enough to bare 4-5 centimeters. You need to act carefully so as not to damage the wires. If this happens, cut off the damaged area, adjust the depth of the cut and repeat the operation.
2. After removing the insulation, level each of the pairs. Please note that there is no need to clean them. Each contact of the platform has special micro knives that cut the insulation and provide reliable contact and fixation of the wire.
3. We disassemble the socket. To do this, remove the front panel. To do this, unscrew the fixing screw or unfasten the special latches (depending on the design). If a modular socket is used, the modules must be removed from the socket.
4. We fix the cable on the module using a tie (E in Fig. 1) or in another way provided for by the design.
5. We insert the wires into the clamps, while it is necessary to adhere to the color marking of the selected standard. Do not try to drown the cores deep, just fix them with a little effort (A Fig. 11).
6. Using the extractor, we perform pressing (In Fig. 11).

At this stage, we will make a small digression regarding the use of available tools for pressing. Sometimes you can find tips in which, in the absence of the necessary tool for pressing, it is recommended to use a clerical knife or a thin slotted screwdriver. This approach can be used only as a last resort, when you urgently need access to the network, but there is no tool at hand. But in the future, such an outlet must be pinched. Otherwise, it is likely that the wire will lose contact with the latch after a while.

We also note that many branded manufacturers attach a simple plastic extractor to each outlet, which allows you to securely close the wire, after which it remains only to carefully cut off its excess.

1. After pressing, the module is installed in place. If the socket is external, then its base is screwed to the prepared site, so that the cable is supplied from above, and the connector for the connector is from below. When installing an internal socket, its base is installed in the prepared glass and fixed in it.
2. We fasten the front panel, after which we check the performance. You can do this with a special tester, but it's easier to connect a computer and check for a network connection. If problems arise, then first of all check the correctness of the pinout, as practice shows, in 90% of cases the reason lies precisely in this.

When using a shielded cable, you must install an appropriate socket that has a shield connection. Otherwise, it turns into a large antenna, which will not be slow to affect the bandwidth, and, consequently, the data transfer rate. For the same reason, you should not use an STP or FTP cable if ungrounded equipment is connected to it.

Twisted-pair LAN technology requires the use of complete lines. Twisting, adhesions are unacceptable, this leads to serious losses. If, nevertheless, it became necessary to extend a piece of cable, special connectors should be used for this purpose.

These devices are a box in which a board is installed with two RJ-45 connectors (A in Fig. 12), or twisted-pair latches, like sockets (B in Fig. 12).

It is not recommended to use sockets with more than two ports in domestic conditions. A large number of patch cords in one place will cause them to become tangled. It is better to spread the sockets at some distance.

The rj-45 socket is called a computer socket, because it is usually used to connect to the Internet. A double rj-45 socket is used if you need to connect one computer to the Internet and a phone to the city network in the same room. The same double rj-45 is installed if the computer needs to be connected to the Internet and a local network, this happens even more often in offices than in residential apartments. Be that as it may, you can connect a double outlet yourself, this does not require special training, just read the detailed instructions.

First of all, you need to decide whether you need an internal or external (consignment note) connector. The internal one is installed using an additional distributor and allows you to hide the wiring behind a special partition or decorative element. This allows you to remove the wires from your eyes and additionally protect the socket from possible influences. But additional work with the wall will be required, and when moving a computer or phone to another place, you will have to start all over again.

It is easier to use and install an external or surface-mounted rj-45 socket. It is usually used everywhere, excluding places with high humidity or dust (in this case, the contacts may oxidize or become dirty, which will lead to signal obstruction). Sockets can also be different. Double socket boxes can be single-sided or pass-through. One-way is used if one direct connection is expected. A walk-through socket box will be needed where the network will be connected from several rooms.

If you do not resort to the help of a specialist, but do the installation of the rj-45 with grounding yourself, you need to prepare some materials and tools in advance. You will need to purchase:

• perforator;
• screwdrivers;
• pliers;
• sharp knife to strip wires;
• double socket rj-45;
• a tool that can be used to crimp the wire in the connector.

It would be nice to have a cable tester in order to be able to make sure that everything is going right during the work. But you can do without it by simply checking the connection at the end of all the work: if the network does not work, then you will have to go back and revise the wiring according to the diagram.

Video “Connecting an outlet - the process in detail”

Training

If the decision is made to hide the outlet in the wall, then you need to install a socket box in it. To do this, you need a perforator and a special crown. With their help, a corresponding hole is hollowed out in the wall, then it is cleaned of debris and dust. After that, the socket box itself is installed and fixed with alabaster.
If an overhead system is mounted, then the box must be disassembled, the module removed from it, and the socket box must be attached to the wall (or floor) with screws.

In some cases, grounded computer outlets are required. If the ground cord is not wired separately, you need to purchase an rj-45 socket model already with grounding (they are somewhat more expensive, but this is the safety of the computer).

Mounting

The difference between a computer outlet and all the others is the use of 8 copper wires intertwined in pairs. These 4 pairs are called twisted pairs, and the installation consists in connecting them correctly. First, the terminal block must be disconnected from the main mechanism. This is done by carefully turning the white lock clockwise. Now you need to run a cable through the back.

Installation of walk-through, as well as conventional, sockets is carried out according to one of two schemes: T568B or T568A. Today, network devices themselves can recognize the scheme and even adjust if necessary, but more often they use scheme B, in which the port is provided by a green and orange pair of contacts. The crossover scheme is usually present on the terminal case, so according to this scheme, you need to connect twisted pairs. In order not to confuse anything, it is necessary to carefully consider the color marking. The grooves of the cover correspond to the cores of the twisted pair in color: white-brown corresponds to brown, white-blue to blue, and so on.

It is necessary to very carefully remove the insulation from the cable (no more than 3 cm), unwind the wiring (no more than 1.5 cm) and strip it. Now it's time to bring the twisted pair wires into the grooves of the cover in accordance with their color marking. If you use a legrand rj-45 socket (preferably with grounding), then you do not have to strip the ends of the wires. It has such a convenient design that it is enough to deepen the wires tightly into the corresponding grooves, and the contact pads will secure them themselves when the cover is lowered. The fact is that each platform is a pointed plate, when the cover is lowered, the plate cuts through the insulation of the conductors just so much that they touch the cores of the conductors that conduct the signal.

The connection of one socket took place, now the terminal block must be returned to its place in the back of the socket and the latch closed. To do this, the lock is rotated counterclockwise. It would be nice to check if everything works. If there is no cable tester, you will have to connect something, such as a modem, and make sure that it works. If the modem does not turn on, you will have to once again check the correct installation and connection of the wires according to the diagram.

Now you need to do the same to connect the wires to the second outlet. After making sure that both outlets are working, you can close them. If both wires are correctly and conveniently placed in the box, you can close the outlet, completely hiding the socket, and install a decorative frame. It remains to simply fix the external socket on the surface, the main thing is that the socket is installed firmly. This will ensure the immobility of the entire device during operation. It remains to hide the inside with wallpaper, panels or special decor. A double rj-45 socket is installed and ready to go, the main thing is not to forget about grounding, since safety depends on it. In addition, some companies refuse to take equipment for warranty repairs if it was operated without grounding.